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外源激素对老化西葫芦种子活力及幼苗生长的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用乙烯利、赤霉素和吲哚丁酸浸种研究了外源激素对老化西葫芦种子活力及幼苗生长的影响。试验表明,不同浓度的乙烯利、赤霉素和吲哚丁酸,在不同的浸种时间下,对老化西葫芦种子活力的影响有明显差异。其中乙烯利200ppm,浸种24小时、赤霉素50ppm,浸种12小时和吲哚丁酸100ppm浸种6小时,在提高老化西葫芦种子活力上效果更明显。供试的3种外源激素对西葫芦幼苗生长的影响也有一定差异。 相似文献
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α—蒎烯防治储粮害虫的室内试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验测定了α-蒎烯对玉米象、杂拟谷盗、谷蠹、赤拟谷盗、锯谷盗等7种主要储粮害虫的实验室防治效果,结果表明:如果浓度高于50ppm,α-蒎烯对7种甲虫有很强的熏杀作用,其作用强度受浓度左右,死亡率随浓度降低而下降.不同甲虫对α-蒎烯的敏感性不同,7种甲虫的敏感性顺序是:长角扁谷盗>锈赤扁谷盗>杂拟谷盗>谷蠹>玉米象>赤拟谷盗>锯谷盗.储粮甲虫的不同虫态对α-蒎烯的敏感性不同,就杂拟谷盗而言,顺序是:成虫>幼虫>卵>蛹.据McDonald方法测定:α-蒎烯对杂拟谷盗成虫有明显的驱避作用.模拟试验结果说明:α-蒎烯在小麦中的杀虫效果比在玉米和大米中要强得多,而在大米中的效果又最差.如果浓度高于50ppm,在小麦中对玉米象和杂拟谷盗有较好的熏杀效果,如果浓度高于100ppm,则效果很理想.在100ppm浓度下,α-蒎烯在玉米中对玉米象和杂拟谷盗有一定的杀虫效果,而在大米中,几乎失去了杀虫作用,这可能是大米对α-蒎烯的吸附较强所致. 相似文献
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(上接第 2期第 10 5页 )2 .7 KNO3处理 :在各浓度处理中 ,随着浸种时间的增加 ,各指标有变劣的趋势。同样 ,在相同浸种时间处理时 ,随着浸种浓度增加 ,种子发芽率指标也有相同变化。但样本 1和样本 2对于 KNO3的反应不一样 ,适当浓度的 KNO3对样本 1具有积极作用 ,而对样本 2没有作用 ,这可能与采收时间不同有关 ,需进一步研究。本实验中样品 1的 0 .2 5% 8h浸种和 0 .5% 8h、12h浸种处理的发芽率显著高于对照。其中 0 .5% 8h浸种处理的发芽率显著高于 0 .2 5% 8h浸种和 0 .5% 12 h浸种 (见表 8)。2 .8 PGR处理 :在浸种处理中 ,GA… 相似文献
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《种子》2021,(4)
研究不同发酵原料和不同浓度的沼液浸种对生菜种子发芽及生长的影响。对果蔬垃圾、玉米秸秆、牛粪、厨余垃圾及其厌氧发酵后的沼液进行了性质分析,并按沼液浓度的1%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、40%、50%、70%、100%进行稀释,分别作为培养液和浸种液进行种子发芽试验。结果表明,不同发酵原料及其沼液成分存在一定差异。以沼液为培养液时,只有在浓度为1%时对种子发芽有一定的促进作用;浓度大于1%后,抑制作用不断增强。沼液浸种时,厨余垃圾沼液、果蔬垃圾沼液、牛粪玉米秸沼液的最佳浸种浓度分别为20%、5%、25%。用未经稀释的沼液浸种时发现,浸种时间越长,发芽率越低,应根据沼液成分选择适宜的浸种浓度和时间。 相似文献
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谷子十里香的EMS诱变分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《华北农学报》2017,(Z1)
探讨谷子成熟种子用不同浓度的EMS诱变处理下的最佳诱变条件,以期为筛选十里香感锈突变体进行基础研究奠定材料基础。以优异抗锈谷子品种十里香为材料,用不同浓度EMS(0,0.8%,1.0%,1.2%,1.5%)处理提前浸种或未浸种的谷子十里香成熟种子16 h,于处理后第3,7天分别测定种子发芽势、发芽率和发芽长度。十里香种子的发芽势与发芽率均随着EMS浓度的升高而降低。当EMS浓度为1.2%和1.5%时,种子发芽率不受提前浸种与否的影响。除此之外,同一EMS浓度处理下,提前浸种比未浸种种子的发芽势和发芽率高。发芽势在EMS浓度1.2%时差异最显著(9.66%),1.0%时次之;发芽率在EMS浓度1.0%时差异最显著(8.66%),1.2%和1.5%时无显著差异。EMS浓度越大,十里香种子的发芽势、发芽率下降幅度越快,EMS浓度由1.2%增加到1.5%时,发芽势与发芽率降幅最大,分别是36.34%~40.33%和44.00%~48.00%;EMS浓度为1.5%时,种子发芽势与发芽率均达到最低值。随着EMS浓度的增加,十里香种子的发芽长度随之变短,以EMS浓度1.5%时芽长的变化最显著。EMS能够显著抑制种子的萌发,浓度越大,抑制效果越明显。以十里香种子发芽率50.00%为标准,提前浸种或未浸种条件下,1.2%为EMS诱变最适宜浓度。 相似文献
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通过对冷饭团种子进行4种不同催芽处理试验结果表明:4种不同催芽处理中,用50μg/mlGA溶液浸种8 h,进行沙藏处理的种子,发芽较早,发芽率最高;0.5%CaCl2+50μg/mlGA混合液浸种8h,进行沙藏处理的种子,出苗率最高,苗生长健壮;100ppm智能100(原阿波罗100)溶液浸种8h处理没有效果. 相似文献
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为筛选出适合茄子浸种处理的植物生长调节剂和最佳浓度,试验采用穴盘育苗,以圆茄‘京茄一号’和长茄‘京茄黑龙王’为试材,设置多效唑(100、150 mg/L)、缩节胺(600、800 mg/L)2种不同浓度的植物生长调节剂进行浸种处理。结果表明:多效唑比缩节胺更有效降低2种茄子幼苗的下胚轴和株高,并且能够显著提高幼苗的地下部干鲜重、壮苗指数、G值、根系活力和叶绿素含量;相对于圆茄,多效唑和缩节胺对长茄的抑制效果更大。因此在茄子穴盘育苗下,适宜圆茄‘京茄一号’浸种处理的是150 mg/L浓度的多效唑,适宜长茄‘京茄黑龙王’浸种处理的是100 mg/L浓度的多效唑。 相似文献
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低温胁迫对烯唑醇包衣玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响初探 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
tjzheng@.com 《中国农学通报》2006,22(3):182-182
通过盆栽土培试验,5%烯唑醇微粉种衣剂包衣的玉米种子在低温胁迫条件下,播种立即低温将严重影响出苗率、出苗日期,出苗率降低42.1%～52.9%,出苗日期晚3d,播种吸涨后再遇到低温胁迫出苗日期不受影响,5%烯唑醇1:100～1:150药种比的出苗率比对照低10%,药种比1:200～1:300的出苗率与对照无差别,生长受到比较严重的抑制,株高比对照低4.4～5.6cm,百株干重低2.0～5.9g,百株鲜重低36～59g。 相似文献
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M. M. El-Fouly R. Sakr M. K. Fouad A. M. Zaher A. F. A. Fawzi 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1988,160(2):94-101
A pot and 2 successive seasons field experiments were conducted on bean, by spraying 25,50 or 100 ppm GA, 100, 250 or 500 ppm of either CCC or B-9, one month after sowing. Results showed that:
GA induced stem elongation and thinning through cell elongation and decrease of both of ground tissue cell-size and vascular cylinder cell layers in the stem. On the other hand, CCC and B-9 led to stem shortening and thickening, as a consequence of increased number of cell layers leading to widening the vascular cylinder of the stem.
Leaf area was much more increased by CCC and B-9 than by GA.
GA increased amylase activity and had no effect on invertase, meanwhile CCC and B-9 mostly decreased the former's and increased the latter's enzyme activity, 30 days after spraying.
GA and CCC increased number of seeds/pod, while B-9 had no effect on this character.
CCC and B-9 increased pod number/plant, specific seed weight, leading to increment of seed yield/plant, while GA had no effect on these characters. 相似文献
GA induced stem elongation and thinning through cell elongation and decrease of both of ground tissue cell-size and vascular cylinder cell layers in the stem. On the other hand, CCC and B-9 led to stem shortening and thickening, as a consequence of increased number of cell layers leading to widening the vascular cylinder of the stem.
Leaf area was much more increased by CCC and B-9 than by GA.
GA increased amylase activity and had no effect on invertase, meanwhile CCC and B-9 mostly decreased the former's and increased the latter's enzyme activity, 30 days after spraying.
GA and CCC increased number of seeds/pod, while B-9 had no effect on this character.
CCC and B-9 increased pod number/plant, specific seed weight, leading to increment of seed yield/plant, while GA had no effect on these characters. 相似文献
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A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effect of N nutrition (30, 100 or 170 ppm N) on the concentrations and distribution of P, K, Ca, and Mg in oilseed rape ( Brassica napus L.). Leaf K concentration increased with increasing N supply up to 100 ppm N, as did leaf Mg after the bloom stage. Leaf Ca decreased with increasing N nutrition but P concentration was unaffected. Lower leaves had higher P concentrations than did the upper leaves. P, Ca and Mg concentrations in the roots at 34 days before bloom (DBB) declined when N supply was increased but K concentration was unaffected. At 10 and 44 days after bloom (DAB) P concentrations in the roots, stem and branches increased with N supply; whereas K, Ca and Mg concentrations did not respond. Concentrations of P in the pods increased with N nutrition up to 100 ppm N but those of K, Ca and Mg in the pods, hull and seeds were unaffected by N nutrition. P concentrations in the hull and in the seeds also increased with N supply. Most of the K and Ca were in the leaves while the least were in the seeds. Most of the P accumulated in the seeds and roots; whereas the hull contained the least. Of the four nutrients analyzed for, P concentrations were generally the lowest in the various plant parts and K concentrations the highest. Ca/Mg ratios for the hull and branches were increased by 100 ppm N and the ratios for the leaves, pods and seeds were unaffected by N nutrition. 相似文献
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红麻超干燥种子预先回湿方法研究 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
红麻种子超干燥后,种子生活力明显下降。经五种不同的ＣＢ预先回湿方法处理后,除水浸二天处理其它四种方法处理与对照相比均有极显著的效果。发芽势,发芽率,发芽指 活力指数均显著地高于对照,其中以２５％ＰＥＧ处理和４０％－６０％,ＲＨ一周加８０％－９０％,ＲＨ二天的处理效果最佳,且两者间无显著性差异。 相似文献
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5种种衣剂防治玉米茎基腐病、丝黑穗病田间药效试验。结果表明：Lamardor400FS、Baytan Plus200FS、立克秀60FS对玉米茎基腐病和丝黑穗病均有很好的防治效果,防效在72.3%~94.0%;卫福400FS和满适金35FS种子对玉米茎基腐病有较好的防治效果,防效在76.2%~80.0%,而对玉米丝黑穗病防治效果较差。各药剂均能显著提高玉米产量。 相似文献
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外源激素和微量元素对茶籽萌发和生理生化变化影响的研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
茶树种子经赤霉素（ＧＡ）、乙烯利（ＣＥＰＡ）硼酸（Ｂ）、钼酸铵（Ｍｏ）、硫酸锰（Ｍｎ）和硫酸铜（Ｃｕ）溶液处理后，子叶吸水能力、持水力、呼吸速率和过氧化氢酶活性增强，可溶性糖和蔗糖含量提高，并加速子叶蛋白质的消耗和胚对蛋白质的利用，从而促进茶籽萌发生长，增加幼苗干重，提高发芽率，其中以ＧＡ１００ｐｐｍ、ＣＥＰＡ１００ｐｐｍ、Ｂ１５００ｐｐｍ，Ｍｏ１０００ｐｐｍ，Ｍｎ１０００ｐｐｍ，Ｃｕ１００ｐｐｍ 相似文献
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A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen supply (30, 100 or 170 ppm N) and raceme position on the fatty acid composition of oil extracted from erucic acid-free summer rape seed ( Brassica napus cv. Callypso ). The seven fatty acids analyzed for include palmitic, palmitolcic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolemc, and eicosenoic acids; of which oleic (59.54–64.84 %) and palmitoleic (0.36–0.4 %) acids were the highest and lowest levels respectively. Generally, N nutrition influenced fatty acid pattern only to a little extent. Palmitic, palmitoleic and stearic acid levels were increased by 170 ppm N, depending on raceme position, but oleic and linolenic acids were unaffected. Similarly, 170 ppm N produced the highest fatty acid levels in seeds on the lower portions of racemes, with the exception of oleic acid. This was also true in the case of the upper portions of racemes, except that 30 ppm N produced the highest levels of oleic and linoleic acids in rape seeds. Under the optimum N supply level (i.e. 100 ppm N), position of raceme on the rape plant did not greatly influence the levels of different fatty acids in lipids. 相似文献
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N. A. Khan 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,176(5):331-334
In a field trial conducted during 1992–93 and 1993–94, the effect of basal (B) nitrogen (N) (45 and 60 kg N ha−1 ) and foliar application (F) of water (W) or 10 kg N ha−1 and 400 or 600 ppm ethrel (E) (2-Chloro ethyl phosphonic acid) at 70 days after sowing was studied on leaf area index and dry mass at 90 days and pod number per plant, seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, oil content and oil vield at harvest of mustard ( Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.) cv. T-59. Recommended basal (B) application of 90 kg N ha (BN90 ) was used as control. On the basis of 2 year data it was found that basal application of 60 kg N and foliar spray of 10 kg N ha −1 and 600 ppm ethrel gave higher values for growth and yield characteristics and enhanced seed yield and oil yield by 12.5 and 14.8%, respectively over control BN90. 相似文献
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叶底红种子发芽特性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为明确不同条件下叶底红种子的发芽特性,通过发芽试验,考察了种子发芽过程和不同温度、光照、采收期、种子贮藏时间等因素处理条件对发芽的影响。结果表明：叶底红种子属于无胚乳种子,种子发芽为子叶出土型。在温度10~25℃范围内,温度越高,种子发芽速度越快,25℃下的发芽时间为11天,30℃以上处于休眠状态;秋季采收的种子的发芽质量最好,幼苗长势也最好;种子发芽需要一定光照,播种以不覆土为好;贮藏期对发芽速度影响不显著,但对发芽率有极显著的影响,在贮藏30天内,发芽率下降5.7%,贮藏240天的种子只有12.7%的发芽率。 相似文献