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2011年7-8月,农五师畜牧兽医工作站对全师天然草场资源进行了一次调查,发现牧民观念陈旧、草场超载过牧、草地利用无序、管理手段落后、乱垦问题突出、滥采现象严重,造成草地退化严重且鼠、虫害加剧。农五师天然草场的境况令人担忧,如不加以保护和改善,不但会制约畜牧业发展,而且将 相似文献
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草地是构成人类生态环境的重要组成部分和发展畜牧业的重要生产资料,美姑县草地资源丰富,对造福子孙后代具有极其重要的意义。但长期以来,由于忽视了草地在社会、经济、可持续发展和生态平衡中的地位,往往只顾眼前利益,掠夺式放牧,重农轻牧、挤牧,毁草开荒严重,只用不建,最终造成超载过牧,草场资源浪费,草地严重退化,生态失去平衡。为防止草地退化和保护利用好现有的草地资源,需要进一步加大对草地建设的投资力度,改变传统经营方式,实行保护、建设、管理利用并举,推进草地畜牧业稳步、健康、持续发展。 相似文献
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草地是构成人类生态环境的重要组成部分和发展畜牧业的重要生产资料,美姑县草地资源丰富,对造福子孙后代具有极其重要的意义.但长期以来,由于忽视了草地在社会、经济、可持续发展和生态平衡中的地位,往往只顾眼前利益,掠夺式放牧,重农轻牧、挤牧,毁草开荒严重,只用不建,最终造成超载过牧,草场资源浪费,草地严重退化,生态失去平衡.为防止草地退化和保护利用好现有的草地资源,需要进一步加大对草地建设的投资力度,改变传统经营方式,实行保护、建设、管理利用并举,推进草地畜牧业稳步、健康、持续发展. 相似文献
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论西藏高原草地生态环境保护与建设 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据西藏自治区实施国家西部大开发战略方针的指导思想，西文在分析西藏全区草、牧现状的基础上，针对受自然、社会、人为、鼠虫害等不利因素影响而导致草畜矛盾突出，草场沙化、退化、盐碱化现象发生，严重影响草原畜牧业顺利发展的问题，就如何重视和加强西藏记原草地生态保护与建设提出了调整畜群结构、防治鼠虫害、以法制止人为破坏、发展人工种草业等探讨性意见。 相似文献
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浅谈贵南县草地退化现状及治理对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对草地退化现状的调查分析表明，气候变化、盲目开荒、超载过牧、鼠虫危害、管理不当、乱砍乱挖、执法不严、非法征占用草原是造成草地退化的主要原因。加大执法力度，落实草场承包责任制，加快草地建设速度，合理利用草地，严格控制栽畜量、加强草原野生植物资源采集管理、规范草原流转行为是遏制草地退化的重要措施。 相似文献
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利用气象卫星资料对退化草场的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文根据植被地带性学说和植被生产力形成原理，应用气象卫星遥感技术研究了锡林郭勒盟草地植被分区和退化草场的空间分布规律，以及退化草场的面积和退化强度。 相似文献
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通过调查资料分析,玉树县现有退化草地597533.3hm2,占可利用草场面积的43.56%。草地退化的主要原因是:超载过牧,鼠虫危害以及滥采乱挖等人为因素。并提出了加强草地建设,实施退耕还林(草),退牧还草和三江源生态保护治理等项目工程以及逐步完善和实行以法治草,建立人工草地等措施。 相似文献
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江河源区草地退化状况的成因 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
近年来，江河源区存在草场严重退化、土地荒漠化过程加剧、水土流失加重以及湿地生态衰退等以草地生态系统为主的生态环境退化问题。分析研究结果表明，在青藏高原特殊的地理气候背景下，经过长期自然演化形成的江河源区脆弱的草地生态系统，对外界环境条件反应极其敏感，季节性过牧等人类活动是乱该区近期草地迅速退化的突破口和主导因素，从而促使气候、鼠害等自然因子作用加剧。江河源区的草地退化，是人为因素共同作用下人为加速加剧的结果。 相似文献
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天然草场退化原因及治理对策 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
内蒙古赤峰市天然草地退化的主要原因 :草场超载过牧、草地利用制度不合理、不合理的开垦和滥搂滥采草场、畜群结构不合理、季风时间增长过大、鼠虫害严重。治理对策 :建立合理的草地经营管理制度 ;实行以草定畜 ,确定适宜的家畜品种和载畜量 ;加强人工草地建设 ;建立配套草库伦 ;实行集约化经营。 相似文献
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采用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物尿液中11种β-受体激动剂残留量,对标准溶液、体积、质谱峰面积、浓缩过程及回收率等测定不确定度因素进行了分析,通过评定各不确定度分量及标准不确定度,得出11种β-受体激动剂的扩展不确定度在0.7 ～ 1.1 ng/mL范围内.由各因素对合成不确定度的贡献比分析可知,影响较大的因素为试验回收率及标准溶液浓度. 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
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In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
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Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
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Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献