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1.
Luteolin is an active ingredient found early from Folium perillae and Flos lonicerae, and has a specific inhibition on phosphodiesterase 4(PDE4) activity in vitro. Researches show luteolin has pharmacological effects of anti-inflammation, anti-anaphylaxis, antitumor, antioxidant, protection of nervous system and so on, and has mainly been used for the treatment of respiratory inflammatory diseases, cancer and cardiovascular disease in clinic. PDE4, specific to hydrolyze cyclic AMP(c AMP), is considered to be a new anti-inflammatory target due to the decisive role on c AMP signal in inflammatory cells such as neutrophils. In order to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism, we further studied the effects of luteolin on the activity and expression of PDE4, the expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1(LFA-1) and macrophage-1(MAC-1) in neutrophils, and the adhesion of neutrophils and endothelial cells. The results showed that luteolin had a dose-dependent inhibition on both bare PDE4 activity and PDE4 in cultured neutrophils, and had an obviously promotive effect on gene expressions of PDE4 A, 4B and 4D in later period. Luteolin had a significant inhibitory effect on neutrophils adhesion and LFA-1 expression in early stage, and had no obvious effect on MAC-1 expression. Therefore, luteolin can inhibit LFA-1 expression of neutrophils, then inhibit the adhesion of neutrophils and endothelial cells, and the mechanism is at least related with the inhibition of PDE4 activity.  相似文献   

2.
The effects of kojic acid on phenoloxidase (PO) of Plutella xylostella were investigated, when it had been partially purified by 40% saturated [(NH4)2SO4] and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. Kojic acid showed inhibitory effects on both monophenolase and o-diphenolase activity of the PO. The inhibitor concentrations leading to 50% (IC50) activity lost were estimated to be 0.07 mmol L^-1 for monophenolase and 1 mmol L^-1 for diphenolase, respectively. Kojic acid can also prolong the lag time of PO for oxidation of L-tyrosine. The inhibition kinetics were analyzed by Lineweaver-Burk plots and kojic acid was found to be a reversible competitive inhibitor with the ki of 0.47 mmol L^-1. The ability of kojic acid to inhibit the enzyme activity may be associated with its ability to chlate copper at the active site. In addition, the iron ion was found to shorten the lag time obviously, but have no important effect on the monophenolase activity.  相似文献   

3.
Previous studies on mammals showed that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α(PGC-1α) played a prominent role in regulating muscle fiber type transition and composition. However, the role of PGC-1α in chicken muscle has seldom been explored. To investigate the effect of PGC-1α on chicken skeletal muscles in this study, the PGC-1α gene was overexpressed or silenced in chicken primary myoblasts by using lentivirus, and then the effects of the PGC-1α gene overexpression and knockdown on the mRNA expression profile of genes related to myofiber type specificity were examined during fiber formation. The results showed that overexpression of PGC-1α from proliferation to differentiation was accompanied by the up-regulated expression of Pax7, MyoD, and CnAα, which was significantly(P0.01) increased after one day of transfection(1 I). The enhancement of MyoG, MEF2 c, and MyHC SM expression lagged, which was improved significantly(P0.01) after four days of transfection(1 I3 D). Overexpression of PGC-1α decreased(P0.01) the MyHC FWM expression after four days of transfection(1 I3 D), and it had no significant impact(P0.05) on the expression of CnB1, NFATc3, and MyHC FRM during myofiber formation. The effective silence(P0.01) of PGC-1α by lentivirus mediating short hairpin RNA(shRNA) was detected after four days of transfection(1 I3 D) in cultures, and the lack of its function in chicken primary myoblasts significantly(P0.01) down-regulated the expression of Pax7, MyoD, CnAα, MyoG, MEF2 c, and MyHC SM, significantly(P0.01) up-regulated the expression of MyHC FWM, and had no significant impact(P0.05) on the expression of CnB1, NFATc3, and MyHC FRM. These results indicated that the role of PGC-1α in regulating the fiber type specificity of chicken skeletal muscles might be similar to that in mammals, which interplayed with key genes related to myocyte differentiation and calcineurin signaling pathway.  相似文献   

4.
Macrophages have been generated from bone marrow progenitor cells （BMPCs） with macrophage colony-stimulating factor （M-CSF）. Rapamycin （rapa） is an immunosuppressive drug, which could prevent renal graft rejection and inhibit tumor growth to yield antiproliferative activity in a variety of malignancies. However, the direct effect of rapa on the development of macrophages is unknown. In this study, we explored the direct effect of rapa on the differentiation and function of macrophages differentiated from mouse BMPCs in vitro in the presence of M-CSF. The experimental data showed that rapa prevented the differentiation of macrophagcs by down-regulating CD80 and CD86 expression but upregulating F4/80 expression, as well as by reducing the capacity of differentiated macrophages to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation in the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. Furthermore, the phagocytic capacity of differentiated macrophages was significantly reduced by rapa. Therefore, rapa may directly inhibit macrophage differentiation and function, which may have been one of the major targets for rapa to mediate its immunosuppressive properties.  相似文献   

5.
This study explored the effects over time of lactic acid (LA) on I?Bα phosphorylation and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B) p65 protein expression, and on tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA levels in rat intestinal mucosa microvascular endothelial cells (RIMMVECs) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). I?Ba, phosphorylated I?Ba (p-I?Ba) and p65 protein levels were monitored by Western blot analysis, and TNF-a and IL-6 mRNA levels were analyzed using real-time PCR. LA treatment reduced TNF-a and IL-6 mRNA levels in LPS-stimulated RIMMVECs, with the greatest effect being after 3 h. The highest inhibitory effect of LA on I?Ba phosphorylation to prevent activation of NF-?B was after 6 h. These results suggest that LA reduces TNF-a and IL-6 mRNA levels through decreasing I?Ba phosphorylation and blocking the dissociation of IKK complex, which prevents activation of NF-?B.  相似文献   

6.
The promoter region (BCSP666) of β-conglycinin α-subunit gene from the genomic DNA of soybean Jilin 43 was isolated by PCR method. Sequencing analysis showed that the cloned fragment BCSP666 had the similar structure to the soybean seed-specific promoter β-conglycinin α'-subunit gene promoter and β-conglycinin β-subunit gene promoter, and it also contains many motifs that contribute to the seed-specific promoter activity. Based on this sequencing analysis, we deduced that promoter fragment BCSP666 had the seed-sepecific promoter activity. And then we constructed the seedspecific expression vector pBMI666 with the promoter fragment BCSP666 and △6-fatty acid desaturase gene from Mortierella isabellina. The △6-fatty acid desaturase is the rate-limiting enzyme of the desaturation of linoleic acid in the production of a human essential fatty acid, γ-linolenic acid(GLA). The production of γ-linolenic acid(GLA) was observed in soybean callus cells, which were transformed with this vector. This confirmed the activity of the activity fragment BCSP666.  相似文献   

7.
Inflammation in pulp tissue is caused by caries bacteria. Most bacteria found are Lactobacillus acidophilus. Propolis is a sticky resin material that is derived from the bees and the surrounding plants, which are reported to have several biological effects including anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory. This study will prove the effectiveness of propolis against proinflammatory cytokines on odontoblast-like cells in human dental pulp. This study was performed on cultured odontoblast-like cells in pulp. Cell culture was derived from the pulp tissue of human M3 teeth that had been extracted. Odontoblast pulp culture was divided in three groups： group one, cultured cells with propolis; group two, cultured cells induced with inactive Lactobacillus acidophilus; group three, cultured cells induced with inactive Lactobacillus acidophilus and exposed to 3 μg/mL propolis. A measurement of TNF-α and TGF-β1 expression was done using the immunocytochemical technique to determine the effectiveness of propolis extracts from East Java Indonesia against proinfalmmatory cytokines. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance （ANOVA） test （P = 0.05）. Propolis extract can inhibit the expression of TNF-α and increase the expression of TGF-β1 on odontoblast-like cell in human dental pulp. Anti-inflammatory effects of East Java propolis extract are associated with cytokine modulation.  相似文献   

8.
Here, we investigated the effect of dietary arginine(Arg) supplementation on innate immunity and the antioxidant ability of broiler chickens. The experiment was designed as a single-factorial arrangement(n=8 cages/treatment, six birds/cage), and we used four dietary Arg concentrations(10.0, 15.0, 20.0 or 25.0 g kg–1). On day 21, the birds were killed to obtain spleen, cecal tonsil and liver samples to determine the gene expression and antioxidant characteristics. Increasing the Arg concentration linearly decreased(P0.05) the m RNA expression of splenic interleukin-18(IL-18) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α). Dietary Arg supplementation quadratically decreased(P0.05) the expression of interleukin-1b(IL-1b) and interferon-γ(IFN-γ) m RNA in the spleen. Increasing Arg concentrations linearly and quadratically reduced the expression of IL-18 m RNA in the spleen. Meanwhile, increasing dietary Arg supplementation linearly and quadratically increased the lymphotactin m RNA(P0.05) expression, and linearly increased the macrophage inflammatory protein-1β(MIP-1β) and toll-like receptor 15(TLR15) m RNA expression in the cecal tonsils. Dietary Arg supplementation linearly(P0.05) increased the glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), catalase(CAT), and lysozyme(LZM) activities in the liver. However, the malondialdehyde(MDA) activity in the liver was not influenced by the dietary Arg concentration(P0.05). No significant(P0.05) effect was found on the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the liver. Thus high levels of Arg supplementation(20.0 g kg~(–1)) may potentially suppress the innate immunity of broiler chickens, and dietary Arg supplementation enhances the antioxidant activity in broiler chickens.  相似文献   

9.
Experiments were performed to evaluate the efficiency of inhibition of HSP70 gene expression by antisense oligonucleotides complementary to the mRNA of HSPTO and to test the effects of inhibition of HSP70 gene expression on subsequent embryonic sensitivity to heat shock. The results showed that transfection of pre-implantation embryos at 4-cell stage with 5 μM antisense oligo had no effect on in vitro blastocyst development. However, transfection with 10 to 40 μM antisense oligo had reduced in vitro blastocyst development to 15, 10% and 0; For the embryos which exposed to 40 μM As arrested at the 16-cell stage, there was no blastocyst formation within the heat shock groups. In contrast, transfection had no effect on embryonic sensitivity to heat shock, above 25% of embryos developed to blastocyst stage in control groups.  相似文献   

10.
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11.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs（NSAIDs） were able to produce tissue damage and oxidative stress in animal models of small intestinal damage. In this study, the putative protective effect of wheat peptides was evaluated in a NSAID-induced small intestinal damage model in rats, different doses of wheat peptides or distilled water were administered daily by intragastric administration for 30 d until small intestinal damage was caused. Before sacrificing, NSAIDs（aspirin and indomethacin） or physiological saline were infused into the digestive tract twice. Wheat peptides administration reduced edema and small intestinal damage, and significantly decreased the level of tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α in mucous membrane of small intestine. Oxidative stress was significantly increased after NSAID infusion and was reduced by wheat peptides. Wheat peptides increased glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） activity in mucous membrane of small intestine. μ-Opioid receptor mRNA expression decreased more significantly in wheat peptides treated rats than in the model control group. Overall, the results suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induced small intestinal damage in rats and wheat peptides administration may be an effective tool for protecting small intestinal tissue against NSAID-induced small intestinal damage and oxidative stress.  相似文献   

12.
The effect of three amino acids on the growth of flue-cured tobacco was studied with water culture. The results showed that the three amino acids improved the growth of flue-cured tobacco and increased the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid in tobacco. At the same time, the activities of NR (nitrate reductase), INV(invertase) and root growth activity were also significantly enhanced. The exogenous glutamic, aspartate and phenylalanine all increased the amino acid contents of tobacco leaves. Of these three amino acids, glutamic had the greatest effect, the next was aspartate,and phenylalanine had the least effect. These three amino acids all had significantly increased the accumulation of amino acids in the leaves of individual plants of tobacco; and the magnitude of accumulation indicated aspartate＞glutamic＞phenylalanine.  相似文献   

13.
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14.
The geomagnetic field affects all living organisms on the Earth. In this study we investigated the developmental and behavioral effects of rearing Mythimna separata in a near-zero magnetic field(500 n T) compared to the local geomagnetic field(approximately 50 μT). The near-zero magnetic field produced by a Helmholtz coil system significantly lengthened larval and pupal development durations, increased male longevity, and reduced pupal weight, female reproduction, and the relative expression level of the vitellogenin(Vg) gene in newly emerged females. Moreover, the near-zero magnetic field had a considerable negative effect on the mating ratio of M. separata adults. In addition, the moths in the near-zero magnetic field displayed less flight activity late in the night than those in the Earth's normal geomagnetic field, indicating that the flight rhythm of M. separata may be affected by the near-zero magnetic field. Reduction in magnetic field intensity may have negative effects on the development and flight of oriental armyworm, with consequent additional effects on its migration.  相似文献   

15.
Some factors that affect the free radical-scavenging activety of two tea extracts were studied in vitro.It was found that concentration of tea extract or heating tea extract or treating with activated carbon and diatomite all had obvious effect on the scavenging activety of green tea extract,but heating or treating with diaomite had less effect on the scavenging activity of black tea extract.Ascorbic acid,for having synergic effect with tea extracts,could enhance the scavenging activity of tea extracts markedly,and the contrary was cupric ion.Reducing sugars such as fructose and glucose also had some syncrgic effect to tea extracts.  相似文献   

16.
In this study, a gene encoding a superoxide dismutase （SOD） was cloned from senescent leaves of cotton （Gossypium hirsutum）, and its expressing profile was analyzed. The gene was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends （RACE） method. Northern blotting was used to show the profile of the gene expression, and the enzyme activity was mensurated by NBT deoxidization method in different growth periods. The full length of a gene of cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase （Cu/Zn-SOD） was isolated from cotton （GenBank Accession Number： DQ445093）. The sequence of cDNA contained 682 bp, the opening reading frame 456 bp, and encoded polypeptide 152 amino acids with the predicted molecular mass of 15.03 kD and theoretical pI of 6.09. The amino acid sequence was similar with the other plants from 82 to 87%. Southern blotting showed that the gene had different number of copies in different cotton species. Northern blotting suggested that the gene had different expression in different tissues and development stages. The enzyme activity was the highest in peak flowering stage. The cotton cytosolic （Cu/Zn-SOD） had lower copies in the upland cotton. The copper/zinc superoxide dismutase mRNA expressing level showed regular changing in the whole development stages; it was lower in the former stages, higher in latter stages and the highest at the peak flowering stage. The curve of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase mRNA expressing level was consistent with that of the Cu/Zn-SOD enzyme activity. The copper/zinc superoxide dismutase mRNA expressing levels of different organs showed that the gene was higher in the root, leaf, and lower in the flower.  相似文献   

17.
The effect of washing and temperature on the activity of cathepsins of Silver carp was studied. The result showed that the activity of cathepsin L was higher than those of cathepsin B and H. The total catalysis activity of these three enzymes was the highest at 55 C after washing. The inhibiting effect of soybean protein and potato starch on cathepsin L also had been studied,the results showed that soybean protein and potato starch could decrease activity of cathepsins L significantly.  相似文献   

18.
Hoagland＇s solution was used as water culture medium to study the effect of CO2 concentration on nitrate metabolism of wheat under natural light and light-shaded conditions. NO3^-N, NH4^＋-N, nitrate reductase activity, total uptake N by wheat plants during solution cultural period and total N in plants were determined for comprehensive evaluation of the effect. Results showed that under both natural light and light-shaded conditions, addition of CO2 increased NO3^-N uptake and its assimilative capabilities by plants. However, there were some difference between shoots and roots. With increase of CO2 concentration, the concentration of NO3^-N and NH4^＋-N as well as nitrate reductase activity were all decreased for shoots while the difference was not so distinct in roots, and the nitrate reductase activity was not decreased, but increased. Since NO3^-N uptake by plants from the solution and the total N in plants were much higher by CO2 addition, it may be concluded that addition of CO2 has resulted in rise of nitrate absorption, assimilation and metabolism of wheat.  相似文献   

19.
In order to understand the compsition and structure of herbicidal component of Pythium aphanidermatum,the isolation and structural indentification were researched.The culture filtrate was extracted by ethyl acetate,petroleum,and chloroform with the same volume respectively and the activity of the crude toxin was bioassayed.The toxin was separated by using the method of thin layer chromatography（TLC）,then the main fraction was separated by HPLC,and the structure was analyzed by the sepctrum of IR,13C-NMR and 1HNMR.The results showed that the ethyl acetate extracts had the strongest herbicidal activity.Using the method of TLC,the bioassay results showed that the extracts with Rf 0.19 had the strongest effect on weeds and the inhibition to Digitaria sanguinalis and Amaranthus retroflexus reached five levels,and the component was proved to be dimethyl o-phthalate from the spectrum of IR,13C-NMR and 1HNMR,which was one of the components from the toxin,and it had herbicidal activity.  相似文献   

20.
In this paper, toll-like receptor expression pattern in monocytes-derived macrophages by lipopolysaccharid （LPS） stimulation was examined. Jugular venous blood samples from 4 Japanese calves were obtained and the peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） were isolated. The PBMC were cultured for 7 d so as to collect monocytes-derived macrophages in Repcell. The PBMC were stimulated by LPS for 24 h and the mRNA expression pattern of TLR and cytokines in monocytes-derived macrophages （Mod-Mφ） was analyzed. Results showed that LPS stimulation of Mod-Mφ could increase the mRNA levels of the genes of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8. In addition, the mRNA levels of the genes of TNF-α and IL-6 in the group of LPS stimulation were most significantly （P 〈 0.01） higher than those in control group and the mRNA levels of TLR1, 3, 5, 8, and 10 were significantly （P 〈 0.05） decreased after LPS stimulation. There was no difference in the mRNA expressions of TLR2, 4, 6, and 7 between the groups of the control and LPS stimulation. Besides, expression of TLR9 was not found. It suggested that monocytes-derived macrophages could respond to LPS and they might take an important role in the innate immunity. The important function of the cells might contribute to better disease treatment.  相似文献   

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