共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 984 毫秒
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本文以黑胡椒粉为原料,采用三相分离法（TPP）提取胡椒油树脂,研究了胡椒粉添加量、硫酸铵质量浓度、提取液与叔丁醇体积比、pH、温度对胡椒油树脂得率及胡椒碱含量的影响,并通过响应面试验优化了胡椒油树脂的提取工艺。结果表明：最佳提取条件为胡椒粉添加量5%、硫酸铵质量浓度10%、提取液与叔丁醇的体积比1∶0.5、pH 4、温度20℃,在此条件下,黑胡椒油树脂得率为12.90%,黑胡椒油树脂中胡椒碱含量为30.46%,验证试验与模型预测值基本相符。研究结果为工业化提取胡椒油树脂提供参考。 相似文献
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乳化条件对大豆粉末油脂乳化稳定性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对大豆色拉油采用微胶囊化的方法制取大豆粉末油脂.为了使微胶囊的芯材含量及包埋率高,首先对乳化剂的含量及配比进行研究,以HLB值对乳化稳定性的影响确定乳化剂含量为0.5%,单甘酯、蔗糖酯之比为1:4.然后对乳化条件进行讨论,通过正交实验确定制取大豆粉末油脂的最佳乳化条件:乳化温度为40℃、乳化时间为5min、壁材量为20%、壁材比为1:20,为食品工业中微胶囊方法在油脂中的应用奠定了基础. 相似文献
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以黑胡椒为主要原料,研究热回流提取、索氏抽提、超声波提取、微波提取、超声波-微波辅助提取等不同提取方法对胡椒油树脂得率的影响,并用HPLC分析测定胡椒粉和不同提取方法所得胡椒油树脂中的胡椒碱含量。结果表明,不同提取方法所得胡椒油树脂及其胡椒碱含量有显著性差异;索氏抽提法所得胡椒油树脂的得率最低,超声波-微波协同萃取的得率最高,可达17.23％;胡椒油树脂中的胡椒碱含量最高为42.20％;在相同提取条件下,温度对黑胡椒油树脂得率及其胡椒碱含量影响较大。 相似文献
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乳化剂用于制作花生酱，可增加其稳定性，本文对可适用的乳化剂和总果类，添加方式和用量进行了研究，初步研究单甘酯以２％比例、水浴６５℃，选溶于花生油中再添加为宜。 相似文献
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不同加工方法对胡椒精油化学成分的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以70%～80%成熟度的胡椒鲜果为原料,通过不同加工方法制备黑胡椒、白胡椒与青胡椒,并通过GC-MS对其胡椒油化学成分进行分析.结果表明:(1)加工方法不同对胡椒油化学成分的种类与含量都有显著影响.(2)3-蒈烯、柠檬烯、反式-石竹烯、β-蒎烯、L-水芹烯、α-蒎烯6种烯类是3种胡椒精油中含量较多的化学成分.其中,黑胡椒精油中特有成分4种:5-甲基-3-己醇、氨基甲酸叔己脂、木罗烯、α-蛇床烯;白胡椒精油中特有成分7种:2-甲基-2-戊醇、3-甲基-3-戊醇、γ-萜品烯、樟脑、乙酸松油酯、β-檀香烯、δ-杜松烯;青胡椒精油中特有成分5种:朱栾倍半萜、γ-古芸烯、4-甲基-3-己醇、2,5-二甲基-2-己醇、反式3-蒈烯-2-醇. 相似文献
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以富含γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的大豆芽和玉米浓浆为原料研制玉米味发芽豆乳。研究了大豆发芽过程中,适宜用来制作豆乳的最佳芽长,并采用正交试验设计优化豆乳配方和稳定剂添加量。结果表明:芽长为3~4 cm,发芽时间37~43 h,GABA含量是对照组的6~8倍,制作的豆乳无豆腥味、青芽味。白砂糖、玉米浓浆和Na Cl添加量分别为30,50和0.75 g·L~(-1)时,豆乳口感清甜,玉米味、豆乳味协调。采用0.75 g·L~(-1)复合磷酸盐2号,2 g·L~(-1)复合增稠剂(黄原胶∶海藻酸钠=2∶3),0.8 g·L~(-1)复合乳化剂(蔗糖脂肪酸酯+分子蒸馏单甘酯,HLB值=11)复配的稳定剂得到的豆乳稳定性最好。 相似文献
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以阿维菌素为有效成份，以起始外观、冷贮外观、热贮外观、稀释稳定性和流动性为评判指标，通过对助溶剂、表面活性剂的配方筛选实验得到2 %阿维菌素水乳剂的最佳制剂配方。最佳配方为：阿维菌素2 %、溶剂20 %，乳化剂20 %，其中乳化剂TX-10：JP001：JP002比例为10 %∶5 %∶5 %。试验结果表明，该水乳剂具有良好的冷、热贮和稀释稳定性。 相似文献
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为得到大豆芽花生内酯豆腐最优制备工艺,以绥化寒地黑土地产大豆、花生为主要原料,大豆经发芽脱腥、花生经烘烤处理,以葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯(GDL)作为凝固剂制作一种新型内酯豆腐。采用单因素和正交试验研究基料(大豆芽和花生)与水比例、大豆发芽时间、凝固剂(葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯)添加量,以内酯豆腐的感官评分和失水率为评价标准确定最佳工艺配方。结果表明:大豆芽与花生配比为4∶1,基料与水配比为1∶6,大豆发芽时间为48 h,GDL添加量为2.3%,并采用感官定量描述分析(QDA)方法对比最佳工艺配方条件下生产的大豆芽花生内酯豆腐与市售内酯豆腐的风味特性(豆香味、花生香味、顺滑、细腻、弹性、涩味、酸味),结果表明:大豆芽花生内酯豆腐表面组织较均匀细腻、洁白、口感较好、营养丰富、且具有大豆和花生特有的香味。 相似文献
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采用可见光引发体系固化将降解天然胶乳与萜烯树脂乳液的其他助剂组合制备水乳型压敏胶,研究在一定光照强度下,降解天然胶乳与萜烯树脂乳液的不同配比,天然胶乳不同分子量,其他助剂的用量对压敏胶性能的影响。结果表明,降解天然胶乳与萜烯树脂乳液质量比为1∶1、降解天然胶乳分子量为19.8×10^4、引发剂1.2%、交联剂15%、促进剂0.4%时压敏胶性能最优。DSC和TG/DTG表明含有光引发剂的压敏胶在光照后热稳定性提高,压敏胶的Tg升高了5℃,仍具有很低的使用温度。 相似文献
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土壤相对含水量对冬小麦氮素积累、蛋白质组成和加工品质的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为了解土壤相对含水量(SRWC)对冬小麦氮素利用和籽粒品质的影响,在防雨条件下,以高产强筋小麦品种皖麦38为材料,采用测墒补灌的方法,0~40cm土层SRWC在拔节期(J)设置65%、70%和75%3个水平,开花期(A)设65%和70%两个水平,分析了不同处理(分别用J65A65、J65A70、J70A65、J70A70、J75A65、J75A70)间冬小麦氮素积累、蛋白质组成和加工品质的差异。结果表明,在65%~75%范围内,随拔节期SRWC的提高,小麦开花期各器官的氮素积累量显著增加;J70A70处理的成熟期籽粒氮素积累量与J75A65和J75A70处理无显著差异,但显著高于其他处理,且其氮素收获指数最高。开花期SRWC相同时,拔节期SRWC 65%处理较SRWC 70%处理具有较高的贮藏蛋白含量和谷醇比以及较低的可溶性蛋白含量;J65A65处理的籽粒谷蛋白含量、谷醇比和贮藏蛋白占总蛋白的比例显著高于其他处理。与面粉品质和烘烤品质相比,拔节期和开花期SRWC对面团品质的调控效果明显。其中,面团形成时间和稳定时间在拔节期SRWC 65%和70%条件下随开花期SRWC的提高而降低;开花期SRWC相同时,拔节期SRWC 65%处理较SRWC 70%和75%处理提高了面团形成时间、稳定时间、沉降值、面包体积。综合以上结果,J65A65处理提高了籽粒谷蛋白和谷醇比,延长了面团形成时间和稳定时间,增加了面包体积,有利于改善冬小麦加工品质,是最佳的优质节水测墒补灌方案。 相似文献
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Cody J. Dean Lisa O. Knowles N. Richard Knowles 《American Journal of Potato Research》2018,95(6):622-641
Tuber shape phenotype is an important determinant of raw product (≥7.6-cm-long French fries) recovery for frozen processing. Tuber length-to-width (L/W) ratios ≥1.8 translate to maximum yield of raw product; however, some cultivars produce tubers with much lower L/W ratios. While gibberellin (GA) can be used to elongate tubers, it also decreases tuber size and can thereby attenuate raw product recovery. We investigated the utility of GA and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) combination treatments for modifying tuber set, size, and shape to increase yield of raw product from ‘Payette Russet’ and ‘Alturas’; two late-season frozen-processing cultivars that often produce tubers with undesirably low L/W ratios. Models describing L/W ratio and fry yield by tuber size class were developed to translate total U.S. No. 1 tuber yields (>113 g) into yield of raw product. Increases in the L/W ratios of 113–284-g tubers had a greater effect on recovery of French fries (% fresh wt) than for tubers >284 g. Undersize (<113 g) and oversize (>340 g) tubers yielded 0 and 96% fries, respectively, regardless of L/W ratio. GA applied as a seed treatment effectively hastened emergence and altered tuber shape by increasing the L/W ratios of ‘Alturas’ and ‘Payette Russet’ tubers, enhancing total fry yield for the 113–340-g tubers by 24–46%, depending on concentration and application technique (dip, spray, in-furrow). However, GA also decreased apical dominance and shifted tuber size distribution away from >284-g tubers toward higher yields of <170-g tubers, erasing the gains in fry yield when all size classes (>113 g) were considered. When combined with GA, NAA maintained apical dominance, attenuated the shift in tuber size distribution, had no effect on the GA-induced increase in tuber L/W ratio, and only partly moderated the GA-induced stimulation of plant emergence. Raw product yield from ‘Payette Russet’ increased 12–39% in spray application trials by using NAA to confine the effect of GA to tuber shape and limit the loss of U.S. No. 1 tubers to undersize. Increases in tuber L/W ratio with GA/NAA seed treatments translated to increased yield of fries only when the relative concentrations were adjusted to minimize loss of >284-g tubers and gain in undersize tubers, as dictated by cultivar sensitivity to GA. ‘Alturas’ was less sensitive to GA than ‘Payette Russet’ for shifts in tuber size distribution but not shape, resulting in 17% increase in raw product with GA alone in pre-plant seed spray application studies. GA/NAA combination treatments provide an effective approach to manipulate tuber size distribution and enhance the yield of raw product for frozen processing in cultivars with a rounder tuber shape phenotype. 相似文献
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Fluorosilicone modified polyacrylate emulsion was successfully synthesized via emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization using polymerizable surfactant and sol-gel process. TEM analysis indicated that the hybrid particles were spherical-like particles with narrow size distributions. The influence of synthetic conditions on the physical and chemical properties of fluorosilicone modified polyacrylate was investigated, including the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate (MMA)/butyl acrylate (BA) and the content of dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA) and ethyl silicate (TEOS). The water absorption decreased as the MMA/BA mass ratio was reduced from 5/4 to 2/4, then increased afterwards. With the reducing of MMA/BA mass ratio, the tensile strength decreased, while the elongation at break increased. The thermal stability of the hybrid film was improved with the increasing of TEOS amount. Finally, the contact angle results showed that the finished fabric had the excellent water repellency. Meanwhile, the SEM measurements confirmed that the finished fabric had the rough surface. XPS analysis demonstrated that there was a layer of fluorosilicone modified polyacrylate film covered on the finished fabric surface, and fluorinated segments had the tendency to be enriched at the film-air interface. 相似文献
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The proximate composition and functional properties of fullfat and defatted beniseed (Sesamum indicum L.) flour were evaluated. Functional properties studied were foam capacity and stability, water and oil absorption, bulk density, emulsion capacity and nitrogen solubility. Defatting increased the crude protein, ash, crude fiber, carbohydrate and mineral contents. Defatted flour showed comparatively better foam capacity and stability, water absorption and emulsion capacities but diminished bulk density and oil absorption capacity. Nitrogen solubility was pH dependent with a minimum at pH 4 and maximum at pH 8. Maximum nitrogen solubility (95%) was recorded for defatted flour while that for the fullfat flour was 60%. The proximate composition and functional properties of the samples suggest that beniseed flour would have useful application in fabricated foods. 相似文献