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1.
Membrane vesicles, separated by differential centrifugation from the seminal plasma, were detected in the sperm-rich ejaculate fractions of four boars and three stallions, and in the whole ejaculates of seven rams. The volume and percentage of vesicles, determined by a stereological technique, were higher in the sperm-rich than in the post-sperm-rich fractions of the boar and stallion ejaculates, and no vesicles were detected in the pre sperm-rich fractions. Vesicles were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For boar, stallion and ram semen, the mean (+/- s.e.m.) vesicle diameters were 130.9 +/- 3.22 (range 18-577), 164.1 +/- 4.42 (range 15-671) and 159.7 +/- 2.92 nm (range 22-986), respectively, although they were not significantly different (p = 0.709). The vesicles had approximately round (TEM) or spherical shape (SEM), were surrounded by single, double or multi-laminar membranes, and were trapped within ample amorphous material, sometimes containing short, flattened membranous elements. The majority of the vesicles had a clear interior but some contained granule-dense material. Ram membrane vesicles, purified from ultracentrifuged plasma by size exclusion chromatography, kept their round shape and the amorphous material was less evident compared with the sections taken before purification. This is the first report to identify seminal plasma membrane vesicles in the different fractions of ejaculated semen in the boar and stallion, and confirms their presence in ram seminal plasma. The origin and function of these vesicles are yet to be elucidated.  相似文献   

2.
Seventeen gonad pairs of boars and ten gonad pairs of bulls were examined to evaluate the migration of protoplasmic droplets and the phagocytosis of defective spermatozoa. The material for a microscopic investigation of secretions was collected from two sites in the testis and from seven sites in the epididymis. The greatest motion of protoplasmic droplets was recorded in the caput epididymidis, although the migration of droplets from the proximal section of the connective part of the flagellum towards the distal parts could also be observed as far as in the cauda epididymidis in both animals. A proximally located droplet still occurred in the cauda epididymidis in 4.5% of the spermatozoa of boars and in 1.9% of those of bulls. Absent mitochondrial spirals or swollen connective parts were observed in the imprints of testicular tissue in almost 50% of the spermatozoa whereas in the secretion of efferent ducts they were observed only in 0.3% of bull spermatozoa and about 3% of boar spermatozoa. No such defects were recorded in the epididymis head and tail in either of the two species. The marked reduction in the number of defective spermatozoa without mitochondrial spirals in the secretion of efferent ducts and after passage through the caput epididymidis testifies to the phagocytic ability of the epithelium of this part of efferent ducts.  相似文献   

3.
Semen characteristics in boars fed organic or inorganic sources of Se were assessed in 3 experiments. Crossbred boars were randomly assigned at weaning to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: I) basal diets with no supplemental Se (control), II) basal diets with 0.3 mg/kg of supplemental Se from an organic source (Sel-Plex, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY), and III) basal diets supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg of supplemental Se from sodium selenite (Premium Selenium 270, North American Nutrition Co. Inc., Lewisburg, OH). For Exp. 1, semen was collected from boars (n = 10/dietary treatment) on 5 consecutive days at 15 mo of age. Effects of treatment × day were detected for the proportions of progressively motile (P = 0.02) and rapidly moving (P = 0.03) spermatozoa, and measures of sperm velocity, including path velocity of the smoothed cell path (P = 0.05) and average velocity measured in a straight line from the beginning to the end of the track (P = 0.05). Negative effects of day of semen collection on sperm motility were least pronounced in boars fed Sel-Plex. Experiment 2 was conducted when boars were 17 mo of age, and semen was collected (n = 10 boars/dietary treatment), diluted in commercially available extenders, and stored at 18°C for 9 d. Effects of treatment × day were detected for percentages of motile (P = 0.01) and static (P = 0.01) spermatozoa, amplitude of lateral head displacement (P = 0.02), frequency with which the sperm track crossed the sperm path (P = 0.04), straightness (P = 0.01), and average size of all sperm heads (P = 0.03). In general, sperm cells from boars fed Sel-Plex were better able to maintain motility during liquid storage compared with boars fed sodium selenite. For Exp. 3, semen was collected from boars (n = 6/dietary treatment) at 23 mo of age, and spermatozoa were evaluated at d 1 and 8 after semen collection using in vitro fertilization procedures. There was a tendency for an effect (P = 0.11) of dietary treatment on fertilization rate with Sel-Plex-fed boars having the greatest value (70.7%). The results of this study suggest that there are positive effects of dietary supplementation with Sel-Plex on boar semen characteristics and that organic Se supplementation may help ameliorate the negative effects of semen storage on characteristics of sperm motility.  相似文献   

4.
Contents Determination of the osmotic resistance of boar spermatozoa and the relations to sperm freezing and long storage The osmotic behaviour of fresh boar spermatozoa (482 ejaculates from 34 A.I. boars) was examined in a standard medium but with different osmotic pressures ranging from 150 mosm/kg till 500 mosm/kg. The percentage of spermatozoa with normal acrosomal ridge (NAR) was determined after incubation of 0.2 ml fresh semen in 3 ml of the osmotic test solutions at 39° C for 15 and 120 min. In the non-isotonic media % NAR decreased and could be quantified depending to incubation time and to the different osmolalities; NAR decreased strongest at 150 or 500 mosm/kg and after 120 min incubation time. Differences in % NAR were large between ejaculates and between boars but low within boars and statistically significant correlations had been found to % NAR and motility in froren/thawed semen samples or stored samples. Still higher correlations were found by calculation of an osmotic resistance test-value (ORT-value) which is defined as follows: ORT = 1/2 % NAR in isotonic medium/(after 15 min) +% NAR in 150 or 500 mosm/kg/(after 15 or 120 min) ORT-values can be calculated for hypotonic (150 mosm/kg) as well as for hypertonic (500 mosm/kg) test solutions and for 15 and 120 minutes incubation time. The hypotonic ORT-value for 120 min. is the most accurate; the values varied from 34 till 83 between ejaculates and from 44 till 76 between boars with a low variability within boars. Grouping of boars by their ORT-values in “good”, “moderate” and “poor” corresponded to a similar grouping of these boars by their semen quality (% NAR and motility) in preserved semen samples. Also a grouping of single ejaculates by their ORT-values corresponded to a similar qualitative classification of these ejaculates. ORT seems to become a good and practicable assessment test for the selection of boars suitable dor deep freezing or long storage of their spermatozoa. On the other hand preservation techniques too can be examined by ORT. But more investigations with this test must be done especially its relation to the fertilization capacity of semen samples with different ORT-values.  相似文献   

5.
The aim of the study was to determine the relation between the semen quality, frequency of sperm defects, sperm dimensions and shape, and the ejaculate volume of Large White and Landrace boars. A total of 648 ejaculates collected from 31 Large White and 30 Landrace boars were divided into three groups according to the criterion of the ejaculate volume. In this study Landrace boars produced ejaculates with higher volume, sperm concentration, and total numbers of spermatozoa than Large White boars. Landrace boars also showed a lower frequency of sperm with morphological abnormalities (P < 0.05). Landrace boars sperm had larger heads, which were by 0.15 μm longer, and by a larger perimeter and area (P < 0.05). Landrace boar spermatozoa also had a longer flagellum and were generally larger and by 2.07 μm longer than Large White boar sperm (P < 0.05). Significant differences were also found in the shape of sperm of the two breeds (P < 0.05). Landrace boars sperm had more elongated heads, and the ratio of head size to flagellum length was lower than in Large White boars sperm (P < 0.05). Sperm from ejaculates with low volume had a shorter flagellum and a greater head length/flagellum length ratio than sperm from medium- and high-volume ejaculates (P < 0.05).  相似文献   

6.
Although widely used in practice, visual motility assessment of boar spermatozoa is a very subjective method. The aim of this study was to compare the visual motility assessment of boar spermatozoa with two objective, automated systems, namely the Sperm Quality Analyzer (SQA-IIC) and the Hamilton-Thorne computer-based semen analyzer (HTR). In addition, concentrations as determined by the Burker counting chamber and HTR were compared. Motility of 30 semen samples from 30 different boars (22 Pietrain, seven Landrace boars and one Large White) was examined during three consecutive days, subjectively by two independent persons (visual motility assessment) and objectively with both automated systems. The use of the SQA-IIC and HTR for assessing boar sperm motility was evaluated and the repeatability of the measurements was estimated. The Sperm Motility Index (SMI), determined by SQA-IIC, and the percentage motile spermatozoa determined by the HTR showed a good correlation (r=0.71; p <0.05). The visual examination performed by Person 2 showed a good correlation with the SMI (r=0.81) and with the percentage of motile spermatozoa measured by the HTR (r=0.66) (p <0.05). There was a very poor correlation and a limited agreement between the visual assessments of both persons emphasizing the subjectivity of visual motility assessment. Nevertheless, motility scores of each person during the three consecutive days were highly correlated (r=0.67 and 0.72, p <0.05). The limits of agreement plots showed poor agreement between both persons and the HTR. The repeatability of measurements for most parameters evaluated by the HTR and by the SQA-IIC was good with coefficients of variation below 10%. In addition, for fertile Pietrain boars (n=22), reference values for the different HTR-parameters are presented showing a high curvilinear velocity (157.3 +/- 19.5 microm/s) and a low straightness and linearity of the movement of the spermatozoa (62.7 +/- 8.7 and 35.5 +/- 7.6%, respectively). Concentration as determined by the Burker counting chamber (56.0 +/- 16.8 x 10(6)/ml) was significantly higher compared with HTR measurement (37.6 +/- 7.7 x 10(6)/ml). The high number of counted cells and the low variation render the HTR concentration measurement more reliable. It can be concluded that visual motility assessment is highly subjective and should therefore be replaced by automated systems that allow for a more objective and detailed motility assessment of boar spermatozoa. In addition, based on the present results, highly repeatable results were obtained by the SQA-IIC and especially by the HTR.  相似文献   

7.
Three experiments evaluated the effects of dietary Se and vitamin E on the ultrastructure of spermatozoa, ATP concentration of spermatozoa, and the effects of adding sodium selenite to semen extenders on subsequent sperm motility. The experiment was a 2 x 2 arrangement of treatments in a randomized complete block design. A total of 10 mature boars were fed from weaning to 18 mo of age diets fortified with two levels of supplemental Se (0 or .5 ppm) or vitamin E (0 or 220 IU/kg diet). The nonfortified diets contained .06 ppm Se and 4.4 IU vitamin E/kg. In Exp. 1, the spermatozoa from all boars were examined by electron microscopy. Vitamin E had no effect on structural abnormalities in the spermatozoa. When the low-Se diet was fed the acrosome or nuclei of the spermatozoa was unaffected, but the mitochondria in the tail midpiece were more oval with wider gaps between organelles. The plasma membrane connection to the tail midpiece was not tightly bound as when boars were fed Se. Immature spermatozoa with cytoplasmic droplets were more numerous when boars were fed the low-Se diet, but the occurrence of midpiece abnormalities occurred in boars fed diets with or without Se or vitamin E. Our results suggest that Se may enhance spermatozoa maturation in the epididymis and may reduce the number of sperm with cytoplasmic droplets. In Exp. 2, the concentration of ATP in the spermatozoa was evaluated in the semen of all treatment boars. When the low-Se diet was fed, ATP concentration was lower (P < .01), whereas vitamin E had no effect on ATP concentration. Experiment 3 investigated the effect of diluting boar semen with a semen extender with sodium selenite added at 0, .3, .6, or .9 ppm Se. Three ejaculates from each boar were used to evaluate these effects on sperm motility to 48 h after dilution. Sperm motility declined (P < .01) when Se was added to the extender, and this decline was exacerbated as the concentration of added Se increased (P < .01). The added Se was demonstrated to be tightly adhered to the spermatozoa. Overall, these results suggest that low Se-diets fed to boars resulted in abnormal spermatozoal mitochondria, a lower ATP concentration in the spermatozoa, and a loose apposition of the plasma membrane to the helical coil of the tail midpiece, but no effect from inadequate vitamin E was demonstrated. Adding sodium selenite to the semen extender reduced sperm cell motility.  相似文献   

8.
为了评价黄芪多糖（Astragalus polysaccharides）对外来公猪精液冷冻保存的影响情况,为猪精液冷冻稀释液配方的改良提供理论依据,试验采集美系长白、大约克与杜洛克3种公猪的精液,用添加不同浓度（0、0.01%、0.02%、0.03%、0.04%、0.05%、0.06%）黄芪多糖的冷冻稀释液稀释,0.25 mL塑料细管分装并冷冻,测定解冻后精子活力、畸形率及顶体完整率,并进行相同浓度3种公猪之间和同种公猪不同浓度之间的比较。结果表明,在相同黄芪多糖浓度下,仅杜洛克公猪冻后精子顶体完整率在不添加黄芪多糖时显著高于大约克公猪（P<0.05）,其余均无显著差异（P>0.05）;每种公猪的最佳黄芪多糖添加浓度均为0.04%,在该浓度下精液冻后质量均显著优于对照组（P<0.05）;各种公猪最佳黄芪多糖添加浓度下的精液冻后质量指标之间均无显著差异（P>0.05）。总之,稀释液中添加0.04%黄芪多糖在长白、大约克与杜洛克3种公猪的精液冷冻都可以取得较好的效果。  相似文献   

9.
Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Iberian pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) that are raised extensively outdoors, as well as other wild mesomammals from south central Spain and wild boar from Do?ana National Park (DNP), were tested for antibodies against related flaviviruses by ELISA and for antibodies against WNV by VNT. Mean flavivirus seroprevalence according to ELISA was 20.4±7.8% (21 out of 103) in red foxes, 12.6±2.8% (69 out of 545) in wild boars, and 3.3±2.7% (6 out of 177) in Iberian pigs. A stone marten (Martes foina) also tested positive. Flavivirus seroprevalence in wild boar was significantly higher in DNP, and increased with age. Haemolysis of the serum samples limited interpretation of VNT to 28 samples, confirming WNV seroprevalence in one red fox, four Iberian pigs and nine wild boars. ELISA positive, microVNT negative samples suggest presence of non-neutralizing antibodies against WNV or antibodies to other antigenically related flaviviruses. Despite the importance of wetlands for flavivirus maintenance and amplification, WNV/flavivirus seroprevalence in wild boar and red foxes was not associated to wetland habitats. This is the first report of exposure of red foxes to WNV. With view to use of the tested species as sentinels for flavivirus activity, limited exposure of Iberian pigs that would be available for regular sampling, low numbers of foxes collected and concentration of wild boar harvest in the winter season are major drawbacks.  相似文献   

10.
本研究目的是评估不同处理对精子顶体素活性的影响以及顶体素活性、精液参数和体外受精间的联系.鲜精、稀释精液(1:1)和液相精液(17℃)的精子顶体素活性分别是5.27,4.28和4.41 mIU/106.冻精或液相精液保存4 d后顶体素活性显著下降(P＜0.05).公猪间液相精液顶体素活性和低渗膨胀精液百分数有显著的差异(P＜0.05).冷、热应激对精子顶体素活性没有影响.鲜精和冻精的顶体素活性与低渗膨胀精子百分数和顶体完整率呈正相关.不同种猪液相精液精子顶体素活性与体外受精率和随后的囊胚发育率相关性不大.因此建议顶体素活性与其它精子功能参数相结合才能精确预测精子受精力.  相似文献   

11.
Shortening age at puberty of crossbred breeding bull is an important issue in the tropics. This study aimed at selecting crossbred bulls at earliest possible age with bigger scrotum and potential for donating quality semen. One hundred and 31 pre-joining crossbred bulls of Central Artificial Insemination Laboratory, Saver, Dhaka were examined. The bulls being trained by seeing semen collection from mature bulls were allowed ejaculation into the artificial vagina at homosexual mount during a 20 min time at three occasions, every three months. Eighty one of 131 bulls produced at least one ejaculate during the study and their mean +/- SD age and scrotal circumference (SC) were 20.3 +/- 4.7 months and 28.2 +/-2.7 cm, respectively. Bulls' body weight, body condition score (BCS) and SC influenced the attainment of their puberty (p < 0.05). Bull's body weight had positive effects on scrotal circumference and ejaculate volume (p < 0.05). Scrotal circumference positively influenced the percentages of normal spermatozoa (p < 0.05). Scrotal skin-fold thickness negatively influenced the proportion of spermatozoa with normal head (p < 0.05). Based on age at first ejaculate and SC, 29.6% bulls (n = 24) were selected by cluster analysis. Selected bulls had mean +/- SD age 17.9 +/- 2.2 months, body weight 287.3 +/-48.6 kg, SC 30.5 +/- 1.5 cm, ejaculate volume 3.4 +/- 1.3 ml, sperm motility 50.8 +/- 17.2%, total spermatozoa per ejaculate 2541.9 +/- 1699.2 million and normal spermatozoa 81.5 +/-14.5%. The selected pubertal bull group was different from the unselected pubertal bulls at MANOVA (p < 0.0001). About 30% of pubertal crossbred bulls can be selected with shorter age and larger scrotum at puberty under conditions prevailed in Bangladesh.  相似文献   

12.
An investigation involving seven boars, active in artificial insemination, and 1,350 multiparous sows was conducted at a private farm and aimed at examining the relationship between sperm quality traits and boar fertility in terms of farrowing rate and litter size. This experiment was done for 6 months. The semen samples were evaluated for subjective sperm motility and concentration. Ejaculates with at least 1 × 108 sperm/mL and 70% sperm progressive motility were extended with a commercial medium to 30 × 106 sperm/mL and used for artificial insemination (AI). AI dose was 100 mL semen containing 3 × 109 spermatozoa. Aliquots of diluted semen were assessed for live morphologically normal spermatozoa (LMNS, eosin-nigrosin stain exclusion assay) and sperm chromatin instability (SCI, acridine orange assay). Farrowing rates according to different boar sperm varied (p < 0.001) from 59.3 to 88.92%. The mean values of LMNS (47.2~76.5%) and SCI (0.16~4.67%) differed significantly among boars. LMNS (r = 0.79, p < 0.05) and SCI (r = -0.90, p < 0.02) accounted for 62.2 and 81.7% of the variability in farrowing rates, respectively. After the combination of sperm traits, the relationship between percentage of LMNS with stable chromatin structure and farrowing rate was significant (r = 0.86, p < 0.05). The number of live piglets per parturition was not significantly correlated with sperm quality attributes. In conclusion, boar fertility after AI with freshly diluted semen can be predicted based on the evaluation of sperm morphology and chromatin integrity.  相似文献   

13.
本试验旨在研究骨桥蛋白（osteopontin,OPN）在长白公猪生殖细胞中的表达和定位,并探究其与公猪繁殖性能的相关性。试验采集了长白公猪精液和不同阶段（3日龄、3月龄、6月龄和12月龄）的睾丸组织,通过蛋白印迹的方法检测OPN蛋白在精液和不同月龄睾丸中的表达,通过免疫组化的方法对OPN蛋白在公猪睾丸细胞中进行定位;同时,根据配种胎次≥ 20胎,3次配种公猪为同一头的标准,筛选并采集17头长白种公猪精液,统计相对应的1 388头母猪的生产成绩,计算得到公猪繁殖性能指标（包括窝产总仔数、窝产活仔数、分娩率和繁殖力）。低温离心精液分离得到精子和精浆,丙酮法提取精浆蛋白,Lysis buffer方法提取精子蛋白,最后运用BCA和ELISA的方法检测精子和精浆中OPN蛋白的含量,分析OPN蛋白与公猪繁殖性能的相关性。蛋白印迹结果显示,OPN在精子、精浆和各月龄阶段的长白公猪睾丸中均以两种形式表达（67.4和33.7 ku）,且67.4 ku的形式在3月龄公猪睾丸中表达量最高;免疫组化的结果显示,OPN在长白公猪的初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞和精子细胞中表达,在精母细胞、支持细胞和间质细胞中无表达;BCA和ELISA结果显示,精子中的OPN蛋白含量是精浆中的7倍（P<0.05）,精液中的OPN蛋白与公猪窝产活仔数显著正相关（P<0.05）。本试验结果表明,OPN在各阶段的长白公猪睾丸中都有表达,且在精子和精浆中也有表达,这可能与公猪的繁殖性能有关,从而为后期OPN蛋白在公猪受精力的研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

14.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the influence of ram age on structural and functional competence of frozen–thawed spermatozoa and to test the hypothesis that increasing number of sperm bound to the zona pellucida in vitro was associated with decreasing in vivo fertility of frozen semen. Rams were allocated into two groups. Each group consisted of five rams aged either 1–2 years (young) or 4–5 years (mature). Three successive ejaculates were collected from each ram using an artificial vagina. Only ejaculates of ≥ 2.5 × 109 sperm/ml and 80% sperm progressive motility were pooled per ram, diluted with Bioxcell® medium and frozen in 0.25 ml straws. The end points of post‐thawing semen evaluation were computer‐assisted cell motility analysis, sperm capacitation (chlortetracycline assay), simultaneous assessment of plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and condensation status of nucleus, per‐cell analysis of lipid peroxidation using C11‐BODIPY581/591, sperm‐hemizona binding (HZB) ability and sperm fertility after laparoscopic insemination of ewes (n = 114) in the progestagen‐synchronized oestrus. The results showed that mature rams had significantly lower values of sperm hyperactivated motility and peroxidized sperm, higher percentages of live non‐capacitated sperm and sperm cells with intact plasma membrane, functional mitochondria and condensed chromatin, as well as, greater lambing rate and ewe prolificacy. Sperm HZB binding ability was higher (p < 0.05) for young than for mature rams. Significant correlations were found between number of spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida and semen fertility (r = ?0.63 to ?0.71). In conclusion, mature rams have better semen quality and in vivo fertility than young rams. Cryocapacitation can be involved in decreasing ram semen fertility as evidenced by the high number of spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida in vitro.  相似文献   

15.
Repeatability (r) value of glutathione (GSH) content was estimated in semen of Tharparkar, Red Dane, their crosses, and Murrah buffalo bulls. Mean GSH values were higher in bovine bull semen as compared to mean GSH values in bubaline bull semen. The r of GSH concentration for the pooled data was 0.1278. This trait is 12.78% repeatable. GSH value in semen of bovine and bubaline bull differed insignificantly. R estimates are expressed for selection of bulls of higher fertility and semen quality.  相似文献   

16.
Albendazole (ABZ) biotransformation was studied in vitro in liver microsomes of adult noncastrated male farm animals (ram, buck, bull and boar), castrated adult males (wether, billy and hog), and free living males (fallow buck, red deer stag, mouflon ram, roe buck and wild boar). Liver microsomal fractions were incubated with either ABZ or racemic albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO). ABZ was extensively metabolized to the (+) and (-) enantiomers of ABZSO, whereas ABZSO underwent a slow oxidation to albendazole sulphone (ABZSO2) in all species. In all species both ABZSO enantiomers were detected. The chiral ratio, (+)-ABZSO/(-)-ABZSO, was greater than one in farm animals, mouflon and wild boar, and less than one in three species of deer. For total ABZ sulphoxidation, deer like species had lower values compared to the other species. Mouflon ram and ram had lower total sulphoxidation rates compared to wethers, as well as ABZ suphoxidation towards (+)-ABZSO. No significant difference occurred comparing ABZSO formation in mouflon ram and ram, but ABZSO2 formation rate in mouflon ram was higher than in rams and wethers. Roe deer stag, fallow buck and red deer stag did not differ in both total-ABZSO and (-)-ABZSO synthesis rates and roe deer stag and fallow buck did not differ in synthesis rates of (+)-ABZSO and ABZSO2. The bull differed from other species in all metabolites studied, except for red deer stag and boar in (-)-ABZSO synthesis rate. The extent of ABZSO sulphonation to ABZSO2 in bull microsomes was more than twice that of other species.  相似文献   

17.
The effect of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on semen quality was examined in a group of 11 spontaneously infected boars in a commercial boar stud. Semen samples were collected 4 weeks prior to 4 weeks post-infection (wpi). Infection with PRRSV of the European genotype subtype 1 (EU-1) was verified by specific quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 36% of the serum samples. All boars seroconverted before 4 wpi and remained in normal condition throughout the study. Comparison of the percentage of morphologically intact spermatozoa revealed an increase of acrosome-defective spermatozoa (P = 0.012) between −4 and 4 wpi. Significant deleterious effects on semen quality were detected for membrane integrity when semen had been stored for 2 days after sampling. Analysis of sperm subpopulations in a thermoresistance test on day 7 after sampling revealed alterations in the percentage of circular, progressively motile spermatozoa (P = 0.013), in the percentage of non-linear, progressively motile spermatozoa (P = 0.01), and on the amplitude of lateral sperm head displacement (P = 0.047). There was no difference in the incidence of mitochondrially active spermatozoa (P = 0.075). Investigation of routine production data between pre- and post-infection status showed no differences on ejaculate volume (P = 0.417), sperm concentration (P = 0.788), and percentage of motile spermatozoa (P = 0.321). This case report provides insights into a potential control strategy for PRRSV outbreaks in boar studs.  相似文献   

18.
SUMMARY Three bulls injected with homologous semen or testis material developed spermagglutinins in serum while one control bull inoculated with egg white did not. In one bull a high spermagglutinin titre was associated with allergic epididymitis, a decreased proportion of motile spermatozoa, and an increased proportion of tail abnormalities. The palpable lesion persisted for 35 days, the spermagglutinin titre and semen abnormalities for a further 2 months. No change in semen quality was associated with the lower serum spermagglutinin titres in the other two treatment bulls or over comparable periods of time in the control bull. No naturally occurring spermagglutinins were found in a population of 50 bulls with varying semen qualities at an artificial breeding centre.  相似文献   

19.
Several laboratory assays have been designed to assess the fertility potential of a semen sample before insemination, but none have been consistent and accurate predictors of fertility. To determine whether zona-binding ability may be a useful fertility predictor, we validated and used an in vitro competitive assay to measure the ability of porcine sperm to bind to the zona pellucida. The zona-binding ability of sperm from 11 boars that exhibited a broad range in average litter size and farrowing rate was determined. Sperm from each boar were compared directly with sperm from eight other boars in a systematic, pairwise fashion. Sperm from two semen samples were labeled with fluorophores at concentrations that did not affect motility or zona-binding ability. An equal number of labeled sperm from each boar was coincubated with homologous oocytes. Least squares means from analysis of variance were used to rank boars based on zona-binding ability. The competitive assay was effective in establishing a ranking of the boars (R2 = 0.62). Furthermore, there was a correlation between zona-binding ability and fertility when estimated by average litter size (r = 0.64, P < 0.05) but not when estimated by farrowing rate (r = -0.28). The explanation for this difference was that litter size and farrowing rate were poorly correlated (r = 0.14). In conclusion, a competitive zona-binding assay distinguished boars that sired either small or large litters. Competitive zona-binding ability may be useful for identifying boars with reduced fertility that produce smaller litters following insemination.  相似文献   

20.
Epididymal spermatozoa from moose were studied in phase contrast, light interference and electron microscope. Some samples taken from cauda were diluted and frozen in liquid N2. The motility of the sperms after thawing was good.The concentration of spermatozoa in cauda was calculated to 10 × 106 cells per µl.Morphologically the spermatozoa of moose were found to be quite similar to those collected from bulls. The length of the sperm head was found to be approx. 8.8 µ and the average maximal width 5.2 µ. The average length of the tail was 54.7 µ and the entire length of the spermatozoon varied from 60 to 64 µ. Compared with sperm cells from bulls the moose spermatozoa appeared to have a somewhat shorter and broader head and a slightly shorter tail.The migration of the cytoplasmatic droplets, which was found to be completed in caput, seemed to follow the same pattern as in bulls and boars. As found in these species there was also in the moose a higher frequency of secondary abnormalities in the spermatozoa from cauda than in those from the other parts of epididymis.Studies of the fine structure of the moose spermatozoa seemed to indicate that these are of the same type as the spermatozoa of bulls, rams and boars. In sagittal sections the sperm head was thin, but in contrast to the sperm cells of the species mentioned above no typical waist-like narrowing in the equatorial region was found. The equatorial segment also seemed to be less arched than in the spermatozoa from bulls, rams and boars. Otherwise, no principal difference was found between ultrastructure of the moose spermatozoa and that of the spermatozoa collected from domestic species.  相似文献   

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