共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 259 毫秒
1.
在开花后55天或60天果实绿熟阶段,采收温室栽培的西番莲果(Passifora edulis sims),并在10℃下贮藏10d天．贮藏后取一半果实用乙烯(10微升/升)处理35小时,然后在21℃下贮藏48小时,对处理果和不处理果果汁进行分析,并与蔓熟果(开花后70-80天采收)果汁比较,不管是否用乙烯处理贮藏后果汁的蔗糖浓度降低,果糖和葡萄糖浓度升高。开花后55天或60天采收的果实(用或不用乙烯处理)的糖和可溶性固形物浓度相同,它们的PH则与蔓熟果相同,乙烯处理增加绿熟阶段采收的果实表面的紫色色素。 相似文献
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试验筛选出脱落酸(ABA)用于提高甜菜幼苗抗冻力的有效浓度为5×10~(-6)～5×10~(-5)mol/L,最佳浓度为10~(-5)mol/L;处理有效作用期为24～96小时,36～72小时效果最佳;正常的光照和生长温度是提高ABA有效作用的必要条件,ABA用于较抗冻的品种比冷敏感品种效果更好;试验表明,调节脯氨酸代谢和糖代谢是ABA提高甜菜幼苗抗冻性的实质。 相似文献
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用外源乙烯浓度、果实温度和果实各个变量值来确定香蕉[芭蕉(AAA群香芽蕉亚群)“大香芽蕉”]乙烯催熟所需最少处理时间(MTT)的数值表达式.在乙烯处理之前,测定果实中糖、有机酸和ACC含量以及乙烯合成酸(EFE)的活性作为果实的各个变量.对在30℃下用浓度为1000μl/l乙烯处理所测得的MTT与果实各个变量进行直线回归分析,看出MTT与ACC(r=-0.84)和单糖之间相关性显著.若选用的乙烯浓度为xμl/l,温度为t℃,开始时果实内ACC含量为Knmol/g,则MTT值(hr)可以由下列方程求算:Y=(0.202-0.238K)t(?)(11.92-13.1K)t+185.8-190.7K-(0.02t~2-1.3t+22)log10x.MTT的计算值与观测值比较看出,这一方程能适当地表达了日本商品蕉的MTT值.ACC的化学名称为1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸. 相似文献
4.
研究1.2 μL/L的1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)处理对在(25±1)℃下贮藏的‘油檬’(Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.Younai)果实采后生理和品质的影响.结果表明,与对照果实相比,1-MCP处理可有效降低‘油(檫)’果实呼吸强度、呼吸峰值和乙烯释放量,延缓果实细胞膜相对渗透率升高和果实表面色调角h.值的下降,保持较高的果实硬度、可滴定酸和果皮叶绿素含量,延迟果实外观颜色转变,减少果实失重和腐烂.经1-MCP处理的果实在(25±1)℃下贮藏15d时的好果率为80％,而对照果实只有58％.因此认为,1-MCP处理可以延缓采后‘油榇’果实后熟衰老和保持果实品质,延长果实保鲜期. 相似文献
5.
脱落酸对水稻种子萌发的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以3种水稻种子培两优288、R402、LP04为材料,用不同浓度外源脱落酸(ABA)作浸种处理,研究其对水稻种子萌发的影响.结果表明:低浓度ABA(10mg/L)对水稻种子LP04的萌发具有促进作用,20～90mg/L的高浓度ABA对水稻种子的萌发具有明显的抑制作用.结合水稻种子萌发过程中可溶性糖含量、α-淀粉酶活性和内源植物激素等生理指标的检测结果表明,20～50mg/L的ABA能有效抑制水稻种子的萌发,可作为外源ABA在水稻种子储藏中使用的参考浓度. 相似文献
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7.
植物生长调节剂对玉米及水稻种子活力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《作物研究》2017,(6)
以玉米和水稻种子为材料,选择不同浓度的植物生长调节剂赤霉素(GA_3)、脱落酸(ABA)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)探索其对水稻及玉米种子萌发生理特性的影响。结果表明,在处理浓度范围内,0.1、2.0 mg/L GA_3和0.1~1.0 mg/L 6-BA均能促进该批水稻种子萌发,提高种子活力,其中2.0 mg/L GA_3和1.0 mg/L 6-BA处理极显著提高水稻种子发芽率和发芽势;100 mg/L GA_3和60 mg/L 6-BA处理极显著提高玉米种子发芽率和发芽势;0.5~2.0 mg/L ABA处理会降低水稻种子活力,而玉米则表现出较高的ABA耐受性,10 mg/L ABA可显著提高玉米种子活力,但当ABA浓度继续升高时玉米种子活力则呈现降低趋势,且随ABA浓度的增加,降低玉米种子活力的作用越显著。 相似文献
8.
采用毛细管柱气相色谱法测定香蕉果实采后成熟期的乙烯释放量,以外标法峰面积定量,以保留时间定性,乙烯测定结果相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.85％,检出限为0.062 μL/L.该气相色谱法测定香蕉乙烯释放量和生成速率具有快捷高效、灵敏度高、重复性好、结果理想等优点.香蕉果实采后不同成熟处理条件下的乙烯释放量跟踪测量中,不同成熟度的香蕉乙烯释放量变化趋势明显,外源乙烯诱导时乙烯释放量提前达到峰值,1-MCP处理下的乙烯释放量只维持在很低水平. 相似文献
9.
1-MCP处理对‘油木奈’果实采后生理和品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究1.2 μL/L的1-甲基环丙烯（1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP）处理对在（25±1）℃下贮藏的‘油木奈’（Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. Younai）果实采后生理和品质的影响。结果表明,与对照果实相比,1-MCP处理可有效降低‘油木奈’果实呼吸强度、呼吸峰值和乙烯释放量,延缓果实细胞膜相对渗透率升高和果实表面色调角h°值的下降,保持较高的果实硬度、可滴定酸和果皮叶绿素含量,延迟果实外观颜色转变,减少果实失重和腐烂。经1-MCP处理的果实在（25±1）℃下贮藏15 d时的好果率为80％,而对照果实只有58％。因此认为,1-MCP处理可以延缓采后‘油木奈’果实后熟衰老和保持果实品质,延长果实保鲜期。 相似文献
10.
几种植物生长物质对毛叶枣果实品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用浓度分别为20,50mg/L的GA3,NAA,ABA,6-BA涂抹谢花40 d后的毛叶枣(Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.)幼果.果实成熟后,测定果实的相关品质.结果表明:(1)20mg/LAA能够显著提高毛叶枣果实维生素C、可溶性固形物、蔗糖和有机酸的含量,但对单果重没有影响;20mg/L 6-BA也能提高果实维生素C、可溶性总糖和蔗糖的含量,但降低了单果重、葡萄糖和果糖的含量;20 mg/L ABA能促进果实增大,提高果实可溶性总糖和有机酸的含量;20 mg/L GA能增加有机酸的含量,但降低了含糖量、单果重及维生素C.(2)50 m/LNAA处理能提高果实所有品质的含量;50 mg/L ABA和6-BA都能提高含糖量及有机酸,但降低了单果重和维生素C含量;50mg/L GA能增加单果重、有机酸,但降低了含糖量和维生素C.综合结果表明,20mg/L浓度处理优于50 mg/L,而且NAA处理对提高毛叶枣果实品质效果比GA3,ABA,6-BA的好. 相似文献
11.
比较研究不同浓度乙烯抑制剂AOA(aminooxyacetic acid)、AIB(α-amino-isobutyric acid)、AVG (Aminoethoxyvinyl glycine hydrochloride)、ATA(3-amino-1,2,4-triazole)、1-MCP(1-methylcyclopropene)、精胺、亚精胺对采后杧果(Mangifera indica L．)乙烯释放的抑制效果,以期筛出最佳乙烯抑制剂并探究其对杧果的贮藏保鲜效果。结果表明：不同浓度乙烯抑制剂处理杧果,均可降低杧果果实乙烯释放量,其中1 mmol/L精胺、10 mmol/L亚精胺和50 mmol/L ATA可有效延缓硬度、可滴定酸(Titratable acid, TA)下降,维持较高VC(Vitamin C)和TSS(Total soluble solids)含量。综合分析,精胺、亚精胺、ATA处理可有效延缓采后杧果果实软化,为采后杧果贮藏保鲜提供技术支持。 相似文献
12.
香蕉果实采收后果肉中腐胺(PUT)含量随贮放时间的延长而逐渐下降,在果实出现乙烯高峰后又明显增加。果实采后初期亚精胺(SPD)、精胺(SPM)含量逐渐增加,果实出现乙烯高峰后,精胺明显积累,但亚精胺的变化较小。果皮中精胺的变化与果肉中的相似,但腐胺、亚精胺的变化则不同。精氨酸脱羧酶(ADC)和鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ODC)在果实采后初期活性较高,果实明显衰老时活性迅速降低。果肉中S—腺苷甲硫氨酸脱羧酶(SAMDC)活性先有增加,然后下降;而果皮中SAMDC则呈下降趋势。1——氨基环丙烷—1—羧酸合成酶(ACCS)变化与SAMDC不同,酶活性最高值较乙烯高峰提前二天到达。S—腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAM)在乙烯高峰出现时含量明显下降。结果认为,多胺对果实后熟、衰老的调节机理不但与竞争SAM有关,还与代谢平衡有关。 相似文献
13.
Pal RK Ahmad MS Roy SK Singh M 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2004,59(2):67-72
Guava (Psidium guajava) fruits of cv. L-49 with individual shrink wrapping using 9 LLDPE film could be successfully stored up to 12 days at ambient and 18 days in evaporative cool chamber with negligible loss in vitamin C content. The untreated fruits lose 25–30% of ascorbic acid within 1week after harvest. Delay in senescence and metabolic activities as supported by less changes in soluble solids, sugars, acidity, respiration, and ethylene evaluation rate was also observed in individual shrink wrapped fruits in cool chamber. The spoilage of fruits by Fusarium rots was significantly less in cool chamber in individually shrink wrapped fruits followed by Sta-fresh treatment. Sta-fresh was more effective in cool chamber than ambient. Individually stored wrapped fruits scored a better value of sensory score than Sta-fresh under both the storage condition. 相似文献
14.
C. J. R. Hartmann 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1975,24(3-4):327-336
Respiratory behaviour and response to ethylene of two fruits was compared during growth and maturation. The first one, the cherry (var. Bigarreau Napoleon) is ‘non climacteric’. The second one, the pear (var. Passe-Crassane) is ‘climacteric’ and needs a certain period of cold for its usual maturation. Young cherries exhibit a natural respiratory rise after 4 or 5 days of storage but young pears do not. Breaf ethylene treatments involve a rise of respiration, more intense with the pear. As for ‘adult’ fruits the respiratory response varies but the effect on ripening is not established and, in our conditions, does not seen to be really significative. The following question can be asked. What are the relations between respiration (with or without a climacteric rise), the different ripening phenomena and the action and role of ethylene? More generally, it would be very interesting to study, in a comparative way, the ripening of climacteric and non climacteric fruits, with a special look at the factors promoting, delaying or preventing the normal course of ripening. 相似文献
15.
对胶乳中玉米素（ZT）、赤霉素（GA）、生长素（IAA）和脱落酸（ABA）等4种植物激素进行分离和纯化,用80％预冷甲醇浸提,离心,离心后的上清液减压蒸发至水相,调节pH后用固相萃取柱进一步纯化,首先洗脱下GA、IAA和ABA,再洗脱下ZT。对ZT采用等度洗脱,流动相为甲醇和0.5％的乙酸（20/80 v/v）,分析时间为10 min, ZT在等度洗脱条件下的出峰时间（min）是5.426,回收率是87％;对GA、IAA和ABA采用梯度洗脱,流动相为甲醇和0.5％的乙酸（20/80 v/v）,分析时间为34 min,GA、IAA和ABA在梯度洗脱条件下的出峰时间（min）分别为：13.377、16.581和18.988,回收率分别为70％、82％和92％。由于对这4种激素分别检测,从而降低了每份样品中杂质的浓度,取得了良好的分离、检测效果。研究结果表明,试验重现性好,整个提取流程简便,适合胶乳中内源激素的分离与测定。 相似文献
16.
During May and June of 2012 and 2013, a study was conducted to assess losses at the farm, wholesale and retail levels in the supply chain of litchi in India. Changes in fruit quality parameters after harvest and the effectiveness of an improved corrugated fibre board (CFB) box versus conventional wooden box packaging to minimize postharvest losses were also studied. Farm-level samples were collected immediately after harvest from farmers' orchards in the Muzaffarpur district of Bihar state. Wholesale market samples were procured from the Delhi market, and retail samples from the Muzaffarpur and Delhi market. Real-time data on losses and quality parameters of fruits were recorded by transporting litchi from Muzaffarpur to Delhi (distance 1000 km) by truck. Studies indicated that the average loss (fruits discarded at sorting) apparent at the farm level during 2012 and 2013 was 30.4% and 25.8%, respectively. The average loss at the wholesale market level in Delhi was 15.8% and 12.4% during 2012 and 2013, respectively. The highest mean loss (up to 20.5%) was observed at the retail level. The mean fruit weight loss during transport to Delhi was 9.42% and 7.07% during 2012 and 2013, respectively. The mean total loss in the supply chain of litchi ranged from 35.3% to 43.8%. The total soluble solids, respiration and ethylene evolution in litchi fruits were found to increase after transport, whereas acidity and colour parameters (L*, a* and b* values) significantly decreased over time. The predominant pathogen associated with fruit decay was Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler. CFB packaging significantly reduced various losses, thus indicating its effectiveness in its current use in non-refrigerated trucks for transport. 相似文献
17.
甲醇老化可使花生种子活力下降,30％甲醇处理量甲醇老化的临界浓度。甲醇老化降低萌发花生种子乙烯的释放量,改变乙烯的释放模式。甲醇老化使细胞透性急剧增加,渗出率比人工老化种子高,而呼吸强度则比人工老化种子低。PEG渗调对低浓度甲醇(10％)老化种子有提高活力的作用,对20％或以上的浓度则有加速种子老化的作用。表明甲醇老化与人工老化对花生种子活力的影响有明显的不同。 相似文献
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阐明橡胶林生态系统土壤呼吸作用及影响因素,对制定橡胶林土壤管理措施、培育土壤有机碳库和评估区域碳收支平衡具有重要意义。本文采用气压分离技术(Ba PS)研究了橡胶林砖红壤的土壤呼吸速率对温度、水分及碳氮源的响应。结果表明,随着土壤温度(10~30℃)的升高,土壤呼吸速率先增加后下降;土壤孔隙度水(WFPS)为35%~60%时,土壤呼吸速率与其呈显著正相关关系(R~2=0.448,p<0.05)。WFPS为60%~90%,二者呈极显著负相关关系(R~2=0.923,p<0.01);与不施氮相比,低量硝态氮的添加(0.5、2.0、4.0 g/m~2)显著促进了土壤呼吸速率(p<0.05),高量铵态氮的添加(10.0~40.0 g/m~2)则显著抑制了土壤呼吸速率(p<0.05)。土壤呼吸速率与硝态氮、铵态氮(4.0~40.0 g/m~2)均呈显著负相关关系(R~2=0.282,p<0.05;R~2=0.345,p<0.05);与不施碳相比,添加碳(1.0~40.0 g/m~2)激发了土壤呼吸速率(p<0.05),二者呈极显著正相关关系(R~2=0.307,p<0.01)。 相似文献