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橡胶树胶乳几丁质酶基因表达的品种差异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨不同品系橡胶树胶乳中几丁质酶基因在表达水平上的差异,利用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术,克隆得到长为935bp的橡胶树几丁质酶基因,对其进行序列测定。结果表明,该基因序列与EvertBokma(2001)发表的橡胶树几丁质酶基因序列一致。此外,从3个不同品系橡胶树胶乳中提取总RNA,以已克隆的基因为探针进行Northern狭线杂交。结果表明:3个不同排胶特性品系PR107,GT1,RRIM600的几丁质酶基因杂交信号强度表现为PR107GT1>RRIM600。 相似文献
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低温导致橡胶树的排胶时间过度延长(长流),影响到天然橡胶的高产稳产。目前对低温诱发长流的机制还不清楚。以排胶特性不同的橡胶树无性系RY8-79和PR107为实验材料,对冬季低温条件下胶乳的几个主要排胶生理参数进行了研究。结果表明:低温明显降低RY8-79和PR107胶乳黄色体的破裂指数和堵塞指数;明显升高硫醇以及过氧化氢的含量;胶乳排胶初速度和胶乳的p H值在2个品系中变化不明显。由此可见低温条件下胶乳中硫醇含量升高是促进橡胶树排胶时间延长的主要原因之一。该结果为深入阐明乳管堵塞机制和研发新型的排胶调节剂提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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乙烯利和乙烯刺激对橡胶树胶乳中几丁质酶活性和胶乳产量的影响 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
以巴西橡胶树无性系PR107,RRIM600,GT1为试验材料,研究乙烯利和乙烯刺激对胶乳黄色体中几丁质酶活性和胶乳产量的影响。结果表明:在乙烯利和乙烯的有效刺激浓度范围内,几丁质酶活性随乙烯利和乙烯浓度增加而增加;乙烯和乙烯利持续刺激一段时间后,几丁质酶活性达到最大值;3种不同排胶特性品系橡胶树在施用乙烯利刺激后胶乳中几丁质酶活性和胶乳产量较施用乙烯利刺激前均有所增加,其增加强度存在着品系差异,表现为:PR107>GT1>RRIM600。 相似文献
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以3个橡胶树引进品种为研究对象,‘热研73397’和‘RRIM600’为对照,测定胶乳产量、干胶含量、排胶初速度及胶乳中蔗糖、无机磷、镁离子和硫醇等生理参数,比较分析不同品种的产排胶特性。结果表明,各测定参数在品种间存在较大差异。‘热试09-5’干胶产量高,蔗糖含量、排胶初速度低于‘热研73397’,干胶含量、硫醇含量、无机磷含量差异不显著,认为该品种产胶潜力大,胶乳稳定性好,排胶快,糖利用率高;‘热试09-6’干胶产量一般,与‘RRIM600’相比,干胶含量、堵塞指数高,排胶初速度和蔗糖含量差异不显著,认为该品种有较好的产胶潜力,但胶乳代谢强度低,可考虑通过刺激提高代谢强度,达到增产;‘热试09-7’干胶产量低,与‘RRIM600’相比,干胶含量高,排胶初速度低,蔗糖含量相当,认为该品种排胶障碍,糖的利用效率低,是否可以通过刺激割胶增加产量还需要进一步的试验验证。 相似文献
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硫醇是橡胶树胶乳中重要的抗氧化剂,半胱氨酸是硫醇合成的前体,亚硫酸盐还原酶在半胱氨酸合成过程中起重要作用。从橡胶树中克隆编码铁氧还型亚硫酸盐还原酶的cDNA。结果表明:该cDNA全长2417 bp,包含2 070 bp的开放阅读框、183 bp的5′UTR和164 bp的3′UTR,命名为HbSiR(GenBank:KF765492)。组织表达分析结果显示:HbSiR在橡胶树的根、叶、木质部、树皮及胶乳均有表达;在‘热研8-79’的胶乳中HbSiR基因的表达量高于‘PR107’胶乳中的表达量,但随着排胶时间的延长,‘热研8-79’和‘PR107’胶乳中HbSiR的表达量均降低。初步推测HbSiR与胶乳硫醇的含量有关。 相似文献
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PR107在海南岛西部地区的适应性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对海南橡胶垦区存在的品种配置问题,本文着重分析PR107在海南岛西部地区的生长、产量以及抗性等方面的反应,以便合理推广使用。研究结果表明:PR107在海南岛西部地区确有良好的适应性,开割头五年的平均亩产置虽略低于RRIM600,但由于大田保苗率高,死皮树少,开割后的产量递增快,第6—10割年平均亩产量显著优于RRIM800和海垦1。PR107抗风能力比RRIM600强,而与海垦1相当(指风力小于12级时),树冠及茎干的耐寒力均比RRIM600强,茎干的耐寒力与海垦1相当。不容易死皮,比较耐割,干胶含量特高,适合于刺激采胶,产胶潜力大。因此,认为PR107可在该地区继续推广使用,并能收较好的增产效果(约增产5～20％)。 相似文献
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橡胶树快速全线干涸的发生发展及其生理表现 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
常规割胶下追踪RRIM600和PR1072个无性系170株树割面干涸的发生发展及其生理变化。无性系RRIM600的快速全线干涸率和扩展速度比PR107高1倍以上,从局部干涸到全线不排胶一般在15d左右。单株测定胶乳产量、排肢初速度、胶乳蔗糖、硫酸、无机磷和干胶含量等6项生理参数的结果表明,多数病株的排胶初速度和胶乳产量在创面干涸出现前呈现短时增加．所有病株干涸前的胶乳蔗糖水平较低。在干涸发生发展过程中伴随有胶乳无机磷含量的大幅度提高．在胶树割线即将出现局部干涸时,多数病株的胶乳硫醇骤然出现由低到高的短暂现象。没有观察到干涸前乳管的橡胶合成和再生在表观上有持续不良的现象。讨论了快速全线干涸的可能原因。 相似文献
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橡胶死皮树过氧化物酶同工酶和超氧化物歧化酶同工酶的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
比较了无性系GT1正常树与死皮树的过氧化物酶同工酶谱,看到死皮树无论是树皮或胶乳,其过氧化物酶同工酶快带部分的活性都比正常树高得多,其余谱带差异不明显。无性系RRIM600死皮树与正常树的胶乳过氧化物酶同工酶的差异很明显,死皮树有3条谱带,酶谱带宽,显色快,染色深,表明活性较高,而正常树只有2条,活性很弱。GT1死皮病灶部位的树皮过氧化物酶活性特别高,过渡区其次,健康皮较弱,显示出距离病灶愈近,酶活性愈高的趋势,似乎死皮的诱发与过氧化物酶活性的诱导是同步发生、发展的。RRIM600的结果与GT1一样。此测定结果与同工酶电泳结果相符。死皮病灶的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性比健康树皮低。RRIM600健康树皮的胶乳可分离出6～8条SOD酶带,死皮树皮的胶乳只分离出4～5条,而且活性减弱,显示出某些同工酶带缺失。本文还认为橡胶树死皮是一种自卫性的愈伤反应。 相似文献
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刺激割胶制度对橡胶树死皮病发生的生理效应 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
当刺激或割胶所造成的生理伤害超过橡胶树能忍受的限度，便引起产胶与排胶生理平衡失调，表现在：干胶含量、总固形物含量、硫醇含量、排胶初速和堵塞指数明显下降，而长流胶比例和反映创伤生活方式的过氧化物酶同工酶活性明显增加。生理平衡持续失调会导致乳管细胞自毁，丧失产胶功能，导致死皮病的发生。结果表明，产胶与排胶的动态平衡是可以通过刺激强度、割胶强度或割胶模式加以调控的，因而死皮病的发生亦是可控的。 相似文献
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Response of Glutathione and Glutathione S-transferase in Rice Seedlings Exposed to Cadmium Stress 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A hydroponic culture experiment was done to investigate the effect of Cd stress on glutathione content(GSH)and glutathione S-transferase(GST,EC 2.5.1.18)activity in rice seedlings.The rice growth was severely inhibited when Cd level in the solution was higher than 10 mg/L.In rice shoots,GSH content and GST activity increased with the increasing Cd level,while in roots,GST was obviously inhibited by Cd treatments.Compared with shoots,the rice roots had higher GSH content and GST activity,indicating the ability of Cd detoxification was much higher in roots than in shoots.There was a significant correlation between Cd level and GSH content or GST activity,suggesting that both parameters may be used as biomarkers of Cd stress in rice. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2004,39(2):205-212
The high pressure liquid chromatography method for determination of glutathione in free and protein-bound forms was re-established and has successfully been developed to measure glutathione related thiol compounds, i.e. l-cysteine, γ-l-glutamyl-l-cysteine and l-cysteinyl-l-glycine, in both free and protein-bound forms. The natural levels of those compounds in typical strong, weak flours, and flours from 36 wheat varieties grown in the UK were investigated. The total free and protein-bound glutathione compounds found in the 36 UK varieties was 358±51 and 190±17 nmol/g, respectively. Multiple correlation analysis did not show a clear-cut relationship between the natural level of glutathione and any related thiol compound in either free or protein-bound forms and flour quality attributes, including rheological properties, baking performance, protein content and SDS sedimentation test values. Therefore, it can be suggested that glutathione and related thiol compounds at natural levels do not lead to significant differences in the rheological properties of dough and the baking performance of flour. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》1998,27(2):117-125
Kernels of the wheat class DNS were stored for 21 months at 20°C. Flours were milled before (I) and after storage (II). Doughs from II were firmer than those from I, possibly due to the decrease of reduced glutathione (GSH) from 124 to 30 nmol/g. The two flours, as well as doughs that were prepared by the addition of GSH, oxidised glutathione (GSSG) and ascorbic acid (AA), were fractionated into albumin, globulin, gliadin, and acid-extractable and acid unextractable glutenin. During kneading of flour-water doughs, endogenous GSH was preferentially bound to the acid-extractable glutenin leading to an increase of protein-glutathione mixed disulphide (PSSG). Whereas addition of GSH to a dough enhanced the amount of PSSG in the acid-unextractable glutenin. GSSG increased the extensibility of the doughs but to a lesser extent than GSH and was mainly bound to the acid-extractable glutenin, most likely by an SS/SH interchange reaction with the SH groups of the proteins. GSH and GSSG, both in the presence of AA, also became bound into the glutenin but without an impairment of the improver action of AA on dough rheology. It is discussed that the addition of AA leads to a rapid conversion of GSH into GSSG, which then becomes attached to the glutenin. The increase of total non-peptide bound cysteine (PSSC) in the acid-extractable glutenin, which was favoured by AA, can be explained by a reaction of endogenous cystine with protein SH groups. 相似文献
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Cadmium (Cd) contamination in paddy soils poses a serious threat to the production and quality of rice.Among various biochemical processes related to Cd detoxification in rice,glutathione S-transferase (GST) plays an important role,catalyzing Cd complexation with glutathione (GSH) and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells.In this study,a hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate the response of GST isozymes in rice roots upon Cd exposure.Results showed that the GST activity in rice roots was clearly enhanced by 50 μmol/L Cd treatment for 7 d.The GST isozymes were purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation,gel filtration chromatography and affinity chromatography.After being separated by SDS-PAGE and visualized by silver staining,GSTU6 was identified by in-gel digestion,MALDI-TOF-MS analysis and peptide mass fingerprint.The results confirm the vital function of tau class rice GST in Cd detoxification. 相似文献
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为明确茶树[Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze.]谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidases,GPX)编码基因CsGPX1的功能,本文利用茶树转录组数据克隆获得CsGPX1的编码区全长序列,进行序列比对与分析,在此基础上,将CsGPX1在烟草中进行过表达获得转CsGPX1基因烟草,并比较野生型烟草与转基因烟草耐旱性的差异,验证CsGPX1功能。序列分析表明,CsGPX1编码序列(CDS)长723 bp,编码240个氨基酸。BLAST比对发现,该基因与桃树(Prunus persica)的GPX基因具有高度同源性(>85%)。CsGPX1编码的氨基酸序列具有GPX蛋白保守特征序列和区别于其他家族成员的特有的结构域——磷脂氢谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(PHGPX)。干旱胁迫处理结果显示,过表达CsGPX1烟草株系抗旱性强于野生型。GPX酶活性测定结果表明,转基因植株的GPX酶活性高于野生型植株。以上研究结果表明,过表达CsGPX1可提高转基因烟草的耐旱能力,说明CsGPX1可能与茶树的耐旱性能相关。本研究为提高茶树的耐旱性能研究提供了新的理论途径,并对降低茶园管理的成本具有一定的积极意义。 相似文献
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【目的】利用转录组测序技术,探究水稻萌发过程中激素信号转导和细胞内部氧化还原平衡的调控机理,以期增加对萌发过程中复杂调控机制的理解,促进萌发期基因组转录调控网络的构建,并挖掘调控种子萌发的相关基因,为水稻直播稻新品种选育提供理论参考。【方法】利用萌发0、24和48 h的种子进行动态转录组测序分析,以差异倍数≥2、错误发现率≤0.05为阈值筛选差异基因,并利用Gene Ontology(GO)和KEGG Pathway数据库对萌发不同阶段的差异基因进行分析注释;同时利用实时荧光定量PCR对测序结果进行验证;最后运用String蛋白互作数据库以combined_score≥0.9为阈值分析差异基因的蛋白互作网络。【结果】在种子萌发前期鉴定到8719个差异基因,而在萌发后期仅鉴定到3480个。GO和KEGG富集结果均显示与激素信号转导相关的基因主要在萌发前期被诱导,特别是生长素信号转导途径中的GH3家族基因在萌发前期均受到显著诱导;而谷胱甘肽代谢途径中的基因在萌发后期转录更为活跃,其中谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶基因富集最多。此外,两个异柠檬酸脱氢酶基因在萌发过程中被显著诱导,经蛋白互作预测发现两个异柠檬酸脱氢酶基因与GH3家族基因可能存在相互作用。【结论】在种子萌发前期,生长素信号转导途径中的GH3家族基因可能在减弱生长素信号以及降低生长素活性方面发挥着重要作用,其高表达能降低生长素对种子的休眠作用,促进萌发启动;在种子萌发后期,谷胱甘肽代谢途径中的谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶基因可能在细胞抵抗氧化胁迫中发挥主要作用;此外,在整个萌发过程中,GH3和异柠檬酸脱氢酶家族基因的相互作用可能在实现激素转导途径和谷胱甘肽代谢途径的交互串联作用、共同调控种子萌发方面具有重要意义。 相似文献
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对玉米谷胱甘肽转移酶(GSTs)组织分布、发育期变化及乙草胺和阿特拉津对GSTs的影响进行了初步研究。结果表明,以CDNB为底物,玉米不同组织部位的GSTs活性具有显著差异,根中的GSTs活性最高,茎部次之,叶部最低;随着发育期的变化,GSTs活性也随之变化,除茎部外,随着发育期的变化,GSTs比活力也逐渐增加,GSTs活性到3叶期达到峰值,4叶期时GSTs活性逐渐降低;乙草胺对不同组织的诱导作用具有一定的差异,可以诱导叶部GSTs活性增加,对根部的GSTs活性呈抑制趋势;阿特拉津可以增加根部的GSTs活性,对叶部的GSTs活性起抑制作用。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2004,39(2):213-224
Protein-bound glutathione (PSSG) and protein-bound related thiol compounds, i.e. cysteine (PSSCys), glutamyl-cysteine (PSSGlu-Cys) and cysteinyl-glycine (PSSCys-Gly), were analysed in proteins of Osborne fractions, i.e. gliadin, glutenin and gliadin-, glutenin-subfractions separated by gel filtration chromatography, gel protein and the total gluten proteins separated from wheat varieties with varying breadmaking performances. The results showed that PSSG and some protein-bound related thiol compounds were found in monomeric gliadins, indicating that glutathione and some related thiol compounds are able to form disulphide bonds (SS) with sulphydryl group (SH) of those proteins and the formation of those disulphide bonds may prevent those monomeric proteins from binding to other proteins. It was also observed that a larger amount of PSSG in glutenin proteins was negatively correlated with the molecular weight (Mw) distribution of glutenin polymers, suggesting that PSSG and protein-bound related thiol compounds may play an important role in controlling polymerisation of glutenin. Furthermore, it was found that the level of PSSG in gel protein from flours with poor breadmaking performances was constantly higher and significantly different (p<0.05) from that of flours with good breadmaking performance. The same trend was observed with gluten samples from breadmaking and biscuitmaking flours. 相似文献