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1.
林间草地硬质早熟禾无性分株构件的定量分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对硬质早熟禾单优群落随机取样的调查与测定，就该种群的分株构件进行了定量化分析。结果表明，硬质早熟禾无性系构件的数量决定于丛径的大小，无性系中生殖蘖构件组分的数量占较大比重，取样中最高比例为95.98%，无性系分株的数量及生殖蘖的数量，随着丛径的增加均呈幂函数形式增大；无性系的生物量及生殖蘖的生物量随着丛径的增加也呈幂函数形式增大，硬质早熟禾无性系对生殖生长有着较高的能量投入，以此维持种群的更新与发展。 相似文献
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松嫩平原碱化草甸野大麦无性系构件的定量分析 总被引：26，自引：8，他引：18
野大麦无性系构件的数量决定于丛径的大小,无性系中营养蘖构件组分的数量占较大比重,为69.15%,是生殖蘖的2.24倍,但生殖蘖和营养蘖的生长与物质生产相差悬殊,平均生殖蘖重是平均营养蘖重的2.17倍,致使无性系对营养生长和生殖生长的能量分配大体相等。无性系构件的生物量,以及营养蘖和生殖蘖构件组分的生物量与丛径和总蘖数间均存在着极显著的正相关关系;平均单蘖重、平均的生殖蘖重均随着无性系构件数量的增加呈幂函数形式下降;无性系的芽数随着丛径和总蘖数的增大而有规律地增加;抽穗率在大小不等的无性系间具有相对稳定性。 相似文献
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本研究采用大样本随机挖取单个无性系株丛的方法在伊犁河谷特克斯县境内的典型白羊草（Bothriochloa ischaemum）草地进行取样,并定量分析了白羊草无性系构件结构及其生长规律。结果表明,在籽实成熟期,白羊草无性系的平均丛径为13.5 cm。在无性系中,生殖分株与营养分株分别占总分株的27.9%和72.1%,而生殖分株与营养分株的生物量则分别是无性系总生物量的50.6%和49.4%。随着丛径的增加,白羊草无性系不同构件数量和生物量及总分株数量和分株总生物量均呈指数函数关系的异速增长。营养分株数量和生物量与总分株数量及总生物量之间呈幂函数关系,而生殖分株数量和生物量与总分株数量及分株总生物量之间均呈线性相关关系。 相似文献
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《中国草地学报》2020,(3)
硬质早熟禾(Poa sphondylodes)是天然草原广泛分布的丛生型优良牧草。研究不同龄级无性系的构件在不同生育期的生长变化规律具有重要理论与实践指导意义。采用两个年度于开花期和完熟期连续大样本分蘖丛随机取样测定的方法,统计分析了2年生和3年生试验小区硬质早熟禾无性系构件的数量性状及生物量分配。结果表明,在松嫩平原两个年份4次样本中,硬质早熟禾平均丛径在6.11～6.49cm、平均单丛有43.47～48.83个生殖株,平均总生物量和生殖株生物量分别在7.66～8.79g和7.49～8.69g,其在开花期与完熟期及年份之间均无显著差异;两个年份营养株数量及其生物量均为完熟期比开花期显著减少,其中营养株数量2年生的减少了2.7倍,3年生的减少了7.5倍,营养株生物量2年生的减少了1.9倍,3年生的减少了3.3倍。硬质早熟禾在开花期的平均抽穗率在86.95%以上;两个年份不同的生育期分株数及其生物量与丛径之间均呈稳定的幂函数异速生长规律;不同生育期硬质早熟禾无性系的物质分配具有较强的可调节性。在气候影响下,开花期与完熟期的花序生物量与总生物量之间,2年生的均呈线性同速生长规律,3年生均呈幂函数异速生长规律。不同年份硬质早熟禾无性系存在生长分配策略的差异。 相似文献
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以分蘖丛为单位,在生长季末期,采取大样本(n=30)随机取样的测定方法,定量分析了松嫩平原人工林缘草地的羽茅无性系构件结构及其数量特征之间的变化规律,为丛生型无性系植物生长策略的深入研究提供了科学积累。结果表明,在分株总数[(34.0±11.05)分株]中营养株占优势(83.3%)并显著高于生殖株(16.7%);在分株总生物量[(21.51±10.28)g]中生殖株占优势(66.9%)并显著高于营养株(33.1%)。羽茅无性系构件数量性状均存在较大变异。其中,变异系数最大的为生殖株分蘖节芽数达76.4%,最小为丛径27.6%;单株生产力生殖株是营养株的9.6倍,单株营养繁殖力营养株显著高于生殖株。羽茅无性系构件组分数量及其生物量均随着丛径的增加呈极显著的(P<0.01)幂函数异速生长,具有内、外部空间兼顾的补充和拓展策略。 相似文献
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宽叶蒿为根茎型菊科的无性系植物.采用单位面积挖掘取样,对松嫩平原杂类草草甸宽叶蒿无性系种群进行了结构和生产力分析.结果表明,在花期和乳熟期,宽叶蒿营养分株构件均由4个龄级组成,生殖分株构件均由3个龄级组成.2个生育期营养分株构件均以1龄级的数量最多,随着龄级的增加呈减少趋势,均呈增长型年龄结构;生殖分株构件均以2龄级的数量最多,呈稳定型年龄结构.2个生育期种群的生物量均属于稳定型年龄结构.在种群的物质生产上,生殖分株构件的贡献力一直较大,并且随着生育期的延续,其贡献力呈增强趋势.乳熟期各龄级物质生产对种群的贡献力为2龄级＞1龄级＞3龄级＞4龄级.不同生育期宽叶蒿无性系种群单个分株生产力均以老龄级最大.在松嫩平原杂类草草甸,宽叶蒿无性系分株主根及根颈的生活年限最多为5年. 相似文献
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对不同退化程度下嵩草草甸矮嵩草无性系构件进行了研究。结果表明,矮嵩草无性系的面积大小与矮嵩草构件总数量和生物量显著相关(P<0.05),与其各构件平均值基本不相关。随着退化程度的加重,在一定限度内单位面积上各分株和各分蘖数量和生物量有所增加,随后呈下降趋势;平均分株数量与生物量、分蘖数量与生物量均呈下降趋势;每分株分蘖(营养、生殖)、每分蘖(营养、生殖)、生殖(叶、秆)的数量和生物量也呈下降趋势;平均分蘖节直径有增加的趋势,平均分蘖节距地面的高度除极度退化外均呈上升趋势。 相似文献
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对不同放牧强度下 ( 0 ,2 ,4 ,8只 /hm2 二龄藏羊 )高寒草甸矮嵩草无性系构件组成进行了数量化研究。结果表明 ,随着放牧强度的增加 ,单位面积无性系内矮嵩草分株数、分蘖数、叶片数量及其营养分蘖和生殖分蘖生物量呈减少趋势 ;矮嵩草分蘖节距地面高度略有加深 ,而平均分蘖节直径变化规律不明显 ;生殖分株种子数和分蘖种子数有较明显的增加 ,在重牧区开始减少。随着放牧强度的增加 ,矮嵩草无性系营养和生殖分株生物量以中牧区为最大 ,分别是 6 9 133mg和 91 76 6mg。无性系大小对矮嵩草构件数量和生物量的影响随着放牧强度的增加逐渐减弱 相似文献
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松嫩平原扁秆藨草种群生殖株构件表型可塑性及生长分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用大样本取样野外实地测定方法,对松嫩平原扁秆藨草(Scirpus planiculmis)种群生殖株的数量性状和生殖分配规律进行了分析。结果表明,在籽实成熟期,扁秆藨草种群生殖株各数量性状具有较大的表型可塑性。变异系数以种子生物量最大,为81.63%;其次为种子生殖分配73.14%;株高最小,为13.11%。扁秆藨草种群生殖株表型可塑性遵循着规律性,即随着株高和株生物量的增加,茎叶生物量呈幂函数增加,花序生物量呈直线增加;生殖分配随着株高和株生物量的增加呈幂函数或指数减少。 相似文献
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Meschan EM Peham C Schobesberger H Licka TF 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,173(3):578-584
As there is no statistical evidence that saddle fit influences the load exerted on a horse's back, this study was performed to assess the hypothesis that the width of the tree significantly alters the pressure distribution on the back beneath the saddle. Nineteen sound horses were ridden at walk and trot on a treadmill with three saddles differing only in tree width. Kinetic data were recorded by a sensor mat. A minimum of 14 motion cycles were used in each trial. The saddles were classified into four groups depending on fit. For each horse, the saddle with the lowest overall force (LOF) was determined. Saddles were classified as "too-narrow" if they were one size (2 cm) narrower than the LOF saddle, and "too-wide" if they were one size (2 cm) wider than the LOF saddle. Saddles two sizes wider than LOF saddles were classified as "very-wide". In the group of narrow saddles, the pressure in the caudal third (walk 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.10; trot 1.08 N/cm(2)+/-0.26) was significantly higher compared to the LOF saddles (walk 0.50 N/cm(2)+/-0.09; trot 0.86 N/cm(2)+/-0.28). In the middle transversal third, the pressure of the wide saddles (walk 0.73 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.52 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) and very-wide saddles (walk 0.77 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.57 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) was significantly higher compared to LOF saddles (walk 0.65 N/cm(2)+/-0.10/ 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.11; trot 1.33 N/cm(2)+/-0.22/1.27 N/cm(2)+/-0.20). This study demonstrates that the load under poorly fitting saddles is distributed over a smaller area than under properly fitting saddles, leading to potentially harmful pressures peaks. 相似文献
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M. Masko M. Domino K. Skierbiszewska Ł. Zdrojkowski T. Jasinski Z. Gajewski 《Equine Veterinary Education》2020,32(12):654-663
Complications in late gestation are challenging problems for the equine clinician and are causes of considerable distress to owners. Health problems in a pregnant mare in each stage of gestation can adversely affect the pregnancy. It is important to obtain a thorough history and perform a detailed and systematic examination of the pregnant mare so that the mare may be classified as normal or high-risk. However, even after a thorough examination, practitioners may face problems with the interpretation and assessment of risk. Normal mares should foal in the stable or pasture. Mares classified as having a high-risk pregnancy need to be monitored precisely for signs of oncoming foaling with attendance of trained personnel when labour begins. A valuable method for monitoring of the high-risk mare is assessing fetoplacental well-being. Fetoplacental well-being is most accurately assessed with ultrasonography as well as several available hormone profiles. We are proposing our scoring system of the mare's health, which may be useful in the assessment of risk during pregnancy and help clinicians to decide whether sending the mare to the clinic is reasonable or unnecessary. 相似文献
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Webbon P 《Equine veterinary journal》2012,44(1):8-12
The understanding and application of genetics have grown extremely quickly since it has become possible to sequence the whole genome of an organism. The human genome sequence was completed in 2001 and that of the horse in 2007. The significance of this is that it makes it more feasible to explain how both genetically simple and complex traits are transmitted from one generation to the next and, therefore, to make informed breeding decisions, modify how horses are managed and trained to minimise the risk of disease and injury, and improve methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of many conditions. The science of genetics/genomics will continue to grow internationally, limited only by the funds available. The application of the science to man, horses and other species raises very complex moral and commercial issues. Thoroughbred breeders are perceived by some as resistant to change, but their apparent intransigence is often based on a genuine concern for the integrity of the breed. By taking control of the application of the advances in genetics, the Thoroughbred industry potentially has the opportunity to improve both the health and performance of Thoroughbreds. If, however, the science is applied in an uncoordinated manner, driven by commercial interests with no underlying concern for the horses themselves, there is a very real risk that breeders, the Thoroughbred breed and individual horses will all suffer as a consequence. 相似文献
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为了找出支配鸡胆囊交感节后神经元的分布规律,选用体重1.5 kg～2.5 kg的成年母鸡6只,将CT-HRP溶液注入胆囊壁,动物存活3 d～4 d后,经左心室灌流固定,取内脏神经节、肾上腺神经节以及双侧胸、腰和荐段交感干神经节,制成50 μm的连续冰冻切片,TMB法呈色反应,置明视野显微镜下观片统计.结果发现,支配鸡胆囊的交感传出神经元胞体位于内脏神经节(占41.1%)、肾上腺神经节(占40.5%)和T2～T7交感干神经节(占18.4%),在交感干神经节中标记细胞的峰值位于T5、T6交感干神经节.所有的标记细胞以位于右侧的占优势. 相似文献
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犊牛腹泻与肠道菌群的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文检测腹泻犊牛的直肠内8种主要正常菌群的变化,并与健康犊牛进行对比。结果发现,犊牛腹泻时,大肠杆菌、双岐杆菌和乳杆菌变化较大,而其它菌群变化较小。腹泻或将腹泻时,大肠杆菌数增加,双岐杆菌和乳杆菌数下降。腹泻康复或即将康复时,大肠杆菌减少,双岐杆菌、乳杆菌数增加。 相似文献
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试验选择陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的成年健康母羊（怀孕前期）16只,育成母羊13只,育成公羊13只,空腹称重。测定每只羊1d的采食量,计算其摄入的营养成分含量,并与原苏联绒用山羊饲养标准比较,进行饲养水平评价。结果显示,与饲养标准比较,陕北白绒山羊繁育中心羊场的育成母羊代谢能高2．68MJ,粗蛋白低59．29g,钙低3．00g,磷低1．52g;育成公羊代谢能高3．47MJ,粗蛋白低81．92g,钙低4．42g,磷低2．62g;成年母羊代谢能高2．51MJ,粗蛋白低91．33g,钙低3．09g,磷低1．93g。结合羊的体况综合评价饲养水平基本合理,但尚需要按饲养标准增加粗蛋白、钙、磷等营养物质的供给量。 相似文献