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索马里棉具有许多优良性状,是改善陆地棉品质的重要种植资源. 通过细胞学、形态学观察,从陆地棉×索马里棉异源六倍体的后代中,鉴定出2个异附加单体系. 其中异附加单体系I形态学表现为鸡脚形叶、叶色深绿、叶面有褶皱、叶枝张角小、铃小;异附加单体系II各单株形态学表现为黄花冠、花瓣内有黄色斑块、花器小、叶尖下垂、叶片厚、叶表面凹凸不平;异附加单体系异附加单体系II的分离株均表现为正常陆地棉型. 相似文献
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丁世萍 《浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》2001,27(5):508-512
1AA,IBA,NAA,2,4-D对陆地棉和海岛棉茎尖培养有一定的促进作用,BA,KT,ZT则抑制棉花茎尖培养,在一定激素浓度范围内,随着激素浓度的升高,对棉花茎尖培养过程中地上部和地下部的生长均有促进作用,但继续增加激素浓度,虽对棉花茎尖培养不定根的形成仍有促进作用,但却抑制了地上部的生长.适合棉花茎尖培养的最佳激素和浓度为0.01～0.1 mg/L IBA.其中,在含有0.1 mg/LIBA的培养基中,陆地棉和海岛棉基因型间茎尖培养的效果存在着显著差异.以海岛棉不定根的形成能力较陆地棉容易,而地上部的长势则陆地棉优于海岛棉.其中,在陆地棉中又以浙506茎尖培养效果较好;泗棉3号相对较差.在海岛棉中,比马3-33茎尖培养效果较好,而米奴非10的茎尖培养效果较差. 相似文献
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新疆棉花子叶节直接诱导多芽发生再生植株的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以中国三大棉花产区之一的新疆棉花中长绒陆地棉和特色长绒棉品种为试验材料,采用子叶节作外植体,为防止陆地棉品种外植体褐化的影响,以分步添加6-BA来启动和/或诱导多芽的发生,此时用葡萄糖作为碳源代替通常使用的蔗糖,经过伸长培养后,以1/2 MS培养基添加10 mg/L BA诱导生根,生根率可达72.2;.并通过对不同品种诱导多芽发生的比较,认为以子叶节为外植体直接诱导多芽发生受棉花品种的基因型影响不大,为用农杆菌介导法规模化遗传改良棉花奠定基础. 相似文献
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Two farnesyl pyrophosphate synthases,GhFPS1–2, in Gossypium hirsutum are involved in the biosynthesis of farnesol to attract parasitoid wasps 
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下载免费PDF全文 ZHANG Hong HUANG Xin-zheng JING Wei-xia LIU Dan-feng Khalid Hussain DHILOO HAO Zhi-min ZHANG Yong-jun 《农业科学学报》2020,19(9):2274-2285
Sesquiterpenoids play an import role in the direct or indirect defense of plants. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthases(FPSs) catalyze the biosynthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate, which is a key precursor of farnesol and(E)-β-farnesene. In the current study, two FPS genes in Gossypium hirsutum, GhFPS1 and GhFPS2, were heterologously cloned and functionally characterized in a greenhouse setting. The open reading frames for full-length GhFPS1 and GhFPS2 were each 1 029 nucleotides, and encoded two proteins of 342 amino acids with molecular weights of 39.4 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequences of GhFPS1–2 showed high identity to FPSs of other plants. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that GhFPS1 and GhFPS2 were highly expressed in G. hirsutum leaves, and were upregulated in methyl jasmonate(MeJA)-, methyl salicylate(MeSA)-and aphid infestation-treated cotton plants. The recombinant proteins of either GhFPS1 or GhFPS2 plus calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase could convert geranyl diphosphate(GPP) or isopentenyl diphosphate(IPP) to one major product, farnesol. Moreover, in electrophysiological response and Y-tube olfactometer assays, farnesol showed obvious attractiveness to female Aphidius gifuensis, which is an important parasitic wasp of aphids. Our findings suggest that two GhFPSs are involved in farnesol biosynthesis and they play a crucial role in indirect defense of cotton against aphid infestation. 相似文献
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The HD-Zip transcription factor GhHB12 represses plant height by regulating the auxin signaling in cotton 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 《农业科学学报》2023,22(7):2015-2024
Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the most important natural textile fiber crop worldwide. Plant height (PH) is a significant component of plant architecture, strongly influencing crop cultivation patterns, overall yield, and economic coefficient. However, cotton genes regulating plant height have not been fully identified. Previously, an HD-Zip gene (GhHB12) was isolated and characterized in cotton, which regulates the abiotic and biotic stress responses and the growth and development processes. In this study, we showed that GhHB12 was induced by auxin. Moreover, overexpression of GhHB12 induces the expression of HY5, ATH1, and HAT4, represses the spatial-temporal distribution, polar transport, and signaling of auxin, alters the expression of genes involved in cell wall expansion, and restrains the plant height in cotton. These results suggest a role of GhHB12 in regulating cotton plant height, which could be achieved by affecting the auxin signaling and cell wall expansion. 相似文献
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为挖掘棉花花朵中具有药用和食用价值的代谢物,以开花当天的陆地棉和金花葵的花朵为材料开展代谢组学检测,结果共检测到465个代谢物。利用差异倍数(Fold change)和VIP值(Variable importance in projection)相结合的方法筛选差异代谢物。结果表明,在陆地棉和金花葵的花朵中共筛选出差异显著代谢物269个,196个代谢物在陆地棉和金花葵中含量差异不显著。有29个代谢物仅在金花葵中检测到,包括氨基酸及衍生物、酚酸类、黄酮、木脂素和香豆素等,有41个代谢物仅在陆地棉中检测到,主要包括黄酮类、酚酸类和鞣质等次生代谢物。综上,陆地棉中富含黄酮、氨基酸及其衍生物、酚酸、生物碱、有机酸、脂质、核苷酸及其衍生物、鞣质和香豆素等物质。 相似文献
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棉属有丰富的种质资源,在野生棉种中有许多优异的农艺性状和丰富的基因资源,将野生澳洲棉和黄褐棉的优良性状导入陆地棉,以期改良栽培种陆地棉。采用栽培种陆地棉和野生澳洲棉杂交获得杂种F1,然后对其进行染色体加倍,加倍后的异源六倍体再与野生黄褐棉杂交,产生陆地棉、澳洲棉和黄褐棉的三元杂种,并对三元杂种F1花粉母细胞减数分裂行为进行观察。结果表明:三元杂种F1的减数分裂异常,主要表现在减数分裂后期染色体不能均等分离,在四分体形成时期,常出现一些多分体和微核。统计结果表明,末期Ⅱ形成的异常型孢子占绝大多数,而其正常的四分孢子数仅占8.4%,导致最后不能形成正常的花粉粒,这是三元杂种不育的主要原因。研究结果为三元杂种不育提供了细胞遗传学证据,也为棉花新种质的创制提供了中间材料。 相似文献