共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
高寒草甸根围拮抗芽孢杆菌筛选鉴定及脂肽化合物分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究通过平板对峙法分别从青海日月山及达日地区高寒草甸根围分离菌株中筛选到8株对油菜菌核病菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum及水稻白叶枯病菌Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae均具有明显拮抗效果的芽孢杆菌菌株RYS41、RYS42、RYS43、RYS44、DR1、DR2、DR3及DR20。生理生化、脂肪酸甲脂、16S rDNA及gyrB基因测序等分析结果表明,菌株RYS41、RYS42、RYS43、RYS44为解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillusamyloliquefaciens;菌株DR1、DR2、DR3、DR20鉴定为短小芽孢杆菌B.pumilus。MALDI-TOF-MS质谱分析结果表明,菌株RYS41产生脂肽类化合物Surfactin、Bacillomycins D和Fengycin,菌株DR20产生脂肽类化合物Surfactin、IturinA和Fengycin,推断可能与对油菜菌核菌及水稻白叶枯病菌的拮抗作用有关。 相似文献
2.
Lizyben Chidamba Cornelius Carlos Bezuidenhout 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,133(4):811-818
The genetic diversity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris isolates from South Africa was evaluated using 28 isolates obtained from the Johannesburg Fresh Produce Market. Samples were collected from cabbage supplies from farms in Gauteng, Mpumalanga and North West Provinces. Strains were isolated from small sections of infected cabbage leaf samples and cultured on Yeast Dextrose Agar. Isolates identity was confirmed by ELISA and Pathogenicity test. Pathogenicity tests were performed by inoculating leaves of known susceptible cabbage seedlings. Infection symptoms induced could be categorized into three groups, ranging from typical to non-typical black rot symptoms. Four differential Brassica cultivars with known avirulence genes were used for race typing done by spray inoculation. Four races, namely 1, 3, 4 and 6, were identified. Of the 28 isolates, four were identified as race 1, two as race 3, 19 as race 4 and three as race 6. Repetitive DNA polymerase chain reaction-based fingerprinting using Eric- and Box-primers was used to assess the genetic diversity. Generated fingerprints of X. c pv. campestris were relatively similar. Cluster analysis could not strictly group isolates by their geographical origin, suggesting limited diversity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris strains within cabbage producing regions in South Africa. 相似文献
3.
The species Xanthomonas campestris (Vauterin) groups bacteria associated with cruciferous plants. In order to clarify and refine the pathovar and race structures within X . campestris , 47 representative strains of six pathovars were characterized for their pathogenicity on a large host range of Brassicaceae, including all original hosts. Three diseases were observed on tested plants: (i) black rot disease on cruciferous plants; it was proposed that all strains causing black rot on at least one cruciferous plant be grouped in the single pathovar X . c . pv. campestris ; (ii) leaf spot disease caused by X . c . pv. raphani on hosts belonging to the Brassicaceae and Solanaceae; the sequenced strain 756C identified as X . c . pv. armoraciae was included in this pathovar and the existence of another leaf spot disease caused by X . c . pv. armoraciae was not supported; and (iii) bacterial blight of garden stocks caused by X . c . pv. incanae . No plants susceptible to X . c . pv. barbareae were found. Strains that did not induce any symptom on cruciferous plants tested, including their original hosts, were removed from the pathovar scheme and were named X . campestris only. Three new races were described in addition to the six races previously described within X . c . pv. campestris . The sequenced strains ATCC 33913 (CFBP 5241) and Xcc 8004 (CFBP 6650) belonged to race 3 and to race 9 (one of the new races described), respectively. 相似文献
4.
M. A. Ruissen R. T. M. Van Der Vossen C. G. Kocks 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1993,99(Z3):173-179
Quantitative data were collected to describe the relation between temperature and growth of the cabbage black rot pathogen,Xanthomonas campestris pv.campestris (Xcc). Relative growth rates derived from experiments at constant temperatures were used in dynamic simulation of bacterial population
development. The relative growth rates were adequate to simulate growth ofXcc populations at constant temperatures but overestimated growth of populations at variable temperatures. This finding gives
rise to the hypothesis, that under field conditions, disease development is slower than is expected on the basis of growth
parameters obtained from studies with constant temperatures. 相似文献
5.
C.G. Kocks M.A. Ruissen J.C. Zadoks M.G. Duijkers 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(9):911-923
Carry-over of inoculum of X.c. pv. campestris in the soil from one cropping season to the next was studied in field experiments over three years. These studies were supported by laboratory and greenhouse experiments on quantitative assessment of bacteria by bioassay using the Most Probable Number technique, and on recovery rates of bacteria from the soil. The mean recovery rate from artificially infested soil was 58%. Extinction of X.c. pv. campestris in soil infested with infected plant debris proceeded exponentially and extinction rates depended on temperature, as did the decomposition of plant debris. In replicated field plots, over three years, infection foci of black rot disease were established. At harvest time, all plants were chopped and resulting plant debris was rotovated into the soil. The resulting soil infestation was sampled and showed clear infestation foci reflecting the original infection foci of the crop. These infestation foci decreased with time and disappeared after the winter. Follow-up crops remained virtually uninfected. The results show that in The Netherlands good crop and soil management impedes survival of inoculum from one year to the next, so that cabbage can be grown continuously. Polyetic carry-over of inoculum by debris in the soil can be avoided in The Netherlands. 相似文献
6.
Ednar G. Wulff Cames M. Mguni Carmen N. Mortensen Chandroo L. Keswani John Hockenhull 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(4):317-325
Biological control efficiency of an antagonistic, endophytic strain of Bacillus subtilis (strain BB) was evaluated against three strains of the black rot pathogen, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), in four Brassica crops (cabbage, cauliflower, rape and broccoli) grown during three consecutive growing seasons and on two soil types, in two different areas in Zimbabwe. Strain BB controlled the disease caused by strain Xcc B-147 in all Brassica crops during the dry and short rainy seasons. A similar effect was observed in cabbage using the strain Xcc 33908. Biological control was effective in broccoli, but not in cabbage and rape during the main rainy season in clay loam soil and limited biological control effect was still observed when these crops were grown in sandy loam soil. The endophytic colonisation of cabbage roots by strain BB was confirmed by immuno-blotting during the whole growing season. Biological control of black rot with strain BB is discussed in relation to its effect on Xcc strains, Brassica crops and to the effect of weather and soil conditions. 相似文献
7.
M. A. Ruissen R. T. M. Van Der Vossen C. G. Kocks 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1993,99(3):173-179
Quantitative data were collected to describe the relation between temperature and growth of the cabbage black rot pathogen,Xanthomonas campestris pv.campestris (Xcc). Relative growth rates derived from experiments at constant temperatures were used in dynamic simulation of bacterial population development. The relative growth rates were adequate to simulate growth ofXcc populations at constant temperatures but overestimated growth of populations at variable temperatures. This finding gives rise to the hypothesis, that under field conditions, disease development is slower than is expected on the basis of growth parameters obtained from studies with constant temperatures. 相似文献
8.
Alexandre Ignatov Yasuhisa Kuginuki Ken'ichi Hida 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(8):821-827
Several black rot-resistant varieties of Brassica oleracea showed a race-specific hypersensitive response (HR) to inoculation with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris isolates of different races. In progenies of cabbage line PI436606, Portuguese kale ISA454 and Chinese kale SR1 the HR to race 1 of the pathogen was controlled by a dominant gene named R1, when a recessive gene r5 was responsible for the HR to race 5. Genes with a similar race-specific reaction were assumed on the basis of gene-for-gene interaction in black rot-resistant Japanese cabbage cultivars and double haploid lines obtained from them. Homology of gene r5 in cabbage lines PI436606, Fujiwase 01 and kale ISA454 was postulated in crosses between those lines or their progenies. In a cross between SR1 and PI436606, interaction between resistance to race 1 and non-specific resistance localized in the stem vascular system was found. On the basis of pedigree information and homology of resistance genes in the cultivars of East-Asian cabbage and Portuguese kales, the probable origin of race-specific resistance to black rot of cole crops was suggested to be in heading Mediterranean kale. Some evidence was found for a gene conferring resistance to race 4 in B. oleracea. 相似文献
9.
ABSTRACT Twenty-five Xanthomonas isolates, including some isolates received as either X. campestris pv. armoraciae or pv. raphani, caused discrete leaf spot symptoms when spray-inoculated onto at least one Brassica oleracea cultivar. Twelve of these isolates and four other Xanthomonas isolates were spray- and pin-inoculated onto 21 different plant species/cultivars including horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), radish (Raphanus sativus), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). The remaining 13 leaf spot isolates were spray-inoculated onto a subset of 10 plant species/cultivars. The leaf spot isolates were very aggressive on several Brassica spp., radish, and tomato causing leaf spots and dark sunken lesions on the middle vein, petiole, and stem. Based on the differential reactions of several Brassica spp. and radish cultivars, the leaf spot isolates were divided into three races, with races 1 and 3 predominating. A differential series was established to determine the race-type of isolates and a gene-for-gene model based on the interaction of two avirulence genes in the pathogen races and two matching resistance genes in the differential hosts is proposed. Repetitive-DNA polymerase chain reaction-based fingerprinting was used to assess the genetic diversity of the leaf spot isolates and isolates of closely related Xanthomonas pathovars. Although there was variability within each race, the leaf spot isolates were clustered separately from the X. campestris pv. campestris isolates. We propose that X. campestris isolates that cause a nonvascular leaf spot disease on Brassica spp. should be identified as pv. raphani and not pv. armoraciae. Race-type strains and a neopathotype strain for X. campestris pv. raphani are proposed. 相似文献
10.
Paul R.J. Birch Lizbeth J. Hyman Robert Taylor A. Fina Opio Claude Bragard Ian K. Toth 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1997,103(9):809-814
A RAPD PCR-based method was used to differentiate between isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli and Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli var. fuscans. Using random primer OP-G11, a single, high intensity band of 820 bp was amplified from DNAs of all X. c. pv. phaseoli var. fuscans isolates, while multiple amplification products of varying sizes were generated from X. c. pv. phaseoli DNAs. Whereas RAPD PCR differentiation gave an unambiguous result in under 4 h, standard differentiation by recording the production of a brown pigment by X. c. pv. phaseoli var. fuscans isolates took up to 7 days and showed variation both between isolates and between media. The unequivocal nature of the RAPD PCR method was demonstrated when isolate 408, originally classified as X. c. pv. phaseoli var. fuscans, failed to produce the 820 bp band typical of X. c. pv. phaseoli var. fuscans isolates, and after also failing to produce a brown pigment, was re-classified as X. c. pv. phaseoli. 相似文献
11.
ABSTRACT One hundred sixty-four isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and other X. campestris pathovars known to infect cruciferous hosts (X. campestris pvs. aberrans, raphani, armoraciae, and incanae) were inoculated onto a differential series of Brassica spp. to determine both pathogenicity to brassicas and race. Of these, 144 isolates were identified as X. campestris pv. campestris and grouped into six races, with races 1 (62%) and 4 (32%) being predominant. Other races were rare. The remaining 20 isolates from brassicas and other cruciferous hosts were either nonpathogenic or very weakly pathogenic on the differential series and could not be race-typed. Five of these isolates, from the ornamental crucifers wallflower (Cheiranthus cheiri), stock (Matthiola incana) and candytuft (Iberis sp.), showed clear evidence of pathovar-like specificity to the hosts of origin. A gene-for-gene model based on the interaction of four avirulence genes in X. campestris pv. campestris races and four matching resistance genes in the differential hosts is proposed. Knowledge of the race structure and worldwide distribution of races is fundamental to the search for sources of resistance and for the establishment of successful resistance breeding programs. 相似文献
12.
Sources and Origin of Resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in Brassica Genomes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ABSTRACT Two hundred and seventy-six accessions of mainly Brassica spp. were screened for resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris races. In Brassica oleracea (C genome), the majority of accessions were susceptible to all races, but 43% showed resistance to one or more of the rare races (2, 3, 5, and 6) and a single accession showed partial resistance to races 1, 3, 5, and 6. Further searches for resistance to races 1 and 4, currently the most important races worldwide, and race 6, the race with the widest host range, were made in accessions representing the A and B genomes. Strong resistance to race 4 was frequent in B. rapa (A genome) and B. napus (AC genome), indicating an A genome origin. Resistance to races 1 and 4 was present in a high proportion of B. nigra (B genome) and B. carinata (BC genome) accessions, indicating a B genome origin. B. juncea (AB genome) was the most resistant species, showing either strong resistance to races 1 and 4 or quantitative resistance to all races. Potentially race-nonspecific resistance was also found, but at a lower frequency, in B. rapa, B. nigra, and B. carinata. The combination of race-specific and race-nonspecific resistance could provide durable control of black rot of crucifers. 相似文献
13.
大白菜软腐病拮抗菌的筛选、鉴定及其防效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为筛选对大白菜软腐病具有较好拮抗效果的生防菌株,采用对峙平板法分别从作物根际土、发酵池以及本实验室菌种库得到6株拮抗性较强的菌株ASR-12、ASR-23、ASR-31、ASR-54、ASR-55、ASR-150。在离体叶柄软腐防效试验中,采用注射接种法获得了拮抗性较强的3株拮抗菌ASR-12、ASR-23和ASR-150,48 h的防效分别达到了87.64%、80.90%和70.79%。温室防效试验的结果表明:菌株ASR-12、ASR-23和ASR-150防治效果分别为59.22%、59.21%和55.00%,显著高于72%农用链霉素可湿性粉剂的防效(39.15%),具有很好应用前景。依据形态、生理生化和分子鉴定,菌株ASR-12被鉴定为解淀粉芽胞杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens。 相似文献
14.
为了明确解淀粉芽胞杆菌B9601-Y2(Y2)对大白菜软腐病的防治效果,本研究通过平板对峙和离体生防试验评估了B9601-Y2对软腐病的生防潜力,同时采用绿色荧光蛋白标记菌株Y2-gfp,测定其在大白菜植株内的定殖能力,在温室内研究了B9601-Y2对大白菜软腐病的防治和增产效果。结果表明,B9601-Y2在LB平板和离体植物组织上均能有效地抑制软腐病原菌的生长;淋灌Y2-gfp发酵液后,标记菌在大白菜根际、根、茎、叶等组织内的种群数量呈现出"先上升后下降最后趋于平稳"的趋势,最终稳定在约10~3cfu/g组织;温室防效试验结果表明,移栽生防苗后淋灌Y2菌悬液防治效果最佳,为62.23%,仅移栽生防苗与移栽普通苗后淋灌Y2菌悬液防效分别为28.87%与49.48%,大白菜产量分别增加了146.58%、47.52%及109.37%。研究结果表明解淀粉芽胞杆菌B9601-Y2能够有效防控大白菜软腐病。 相似文献
15.
Távora Fabiano T. P. K. Moura Dayane R. Cury Natália F. Mendes Pollyana N. Quezado-Duval Alice M. Mehta Angela 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,164(1):139-145
European Journal of Plant Pathology - Black rot of crucifers caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is one of the most destructive diseases affecting vegetable Brassica crops, as... 相似文献
16.
Three molecular typing methods were used to investigate genetic diversity among Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris isolates obtained in Israel and others previously obtained from different geographical locations (collection isolates). Using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR), 22 different isolates were divided into 11, 12 and 13 differentiated genotypes, respectively. All collection isolates yielded different genotypes and, among the isolates from Israel, several new genotypes were found. These findings not only support the observed heterogeneity within X. campestris pv. campestris , but also suggest that variability at the genomic level in this pathovar is higher than previously estimated. Moreover, while previous studies suggested that PCR patterns obtained with integron-specific primers are conserved in most X. campestris pathovars, PCR patterns of this element yielded four different types among the X. campestris pv. campestris isolates tested, thus supporting the relatively high diversity in this pathovar. Although differences in pathogenicity were observed among isolates, assays using cauliflower and radish did not indicate a correlation between pathogenicity and genotype. 相似文献
17.
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Black rot of Brassica spp. caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (XCC), is a seedborne disease. Because the pathogen can... 相似文献
18.
Alshia J. Lugo Winston Elibox Jeffrey B. Jones Adash Ramsubhag 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,136(1):61-70
Fifty-six native isolates collected in 12 farming districts of Trinidad and seven reference strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris were evaluated for resistance to copper in buffered (pH 7.0) and unbuffered (pH 5.6) nutrient agar media. All isolates and reference strains were pathogenic and elicited typical black rot symptoms on a susceptible variety of Brassica olearceae, ‘Copenhagen Market’. Thirty-four and thirty-three native isolates were highly resistant to copper (growth on?≥?200 ppm copper) in buffered and unbuffered media, respectively; however, all the reference strains were highly susceptible to copper. The mean minimum inhibition concentration for the 56 native isolates was 224.6 ppm copper indicating that high levels of copper resistance are present in X. campestris pv. campestris in Trinidad. The association between growth of the 56 isolates and seven reference stains on buffered and unbuffered media was strong (Pearson’s and Spearman’s r?=?0.93; P?<?0.01) suggesting that either medium can be used to evaluate resistance to copper in X. campestris pv. campestris. There was also a strong association between length of time of continuous applications of copper formulations to treat black rot disease and proportion of the native X. campestris pv. campestris with resistance to copper (Pearson’s r?=?0.96; Spearman’s r?=?0.93); however, there was no association between resistance to copper and aggressiveness at 10 days after inoculation. 相似文献
19.
Tika B. Adhikari Ramchandra Basnyat 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1999,105(3):303-305
Twenty strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) were isolated from two major crucifer-growing valleys, Chitwan and Kathmandu in Nepal and characterized by biochemical and pathogenicity tests. Strains were homogeneous in bacteriological characteristics. The ability of a strain to induce high or low disease severity index (DSI) on three host plants, broccoli, cabbage, and cauliflower, was interpreted as virulence. Strains that were associated with high or low virulence were significantly different (P>0.05). No relationship between virulence and biochemical characteristics was observed. 相似文献
20.
北京地区蔬菜软腐细菌病原的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
近年来京郊蔬菜软腐病害有所增加.经对夏季各类主要蔬菜和窖藏后期的大白菜研究鉴定,欧氏软腐细菌为害大白菜、蕃茄、青椒、马铃薯、黄瓜、冬瓜、南瓜和丝瓜等。经过形态、生理生化特性、致病性等一系列的测定,发现蔬菜上腐烂细菌的种类有所变化,窖藏后期大白菜腐烂主要病原是假单孢杆菌(Pseudomonas spp)夏季蔬菜上主要是胡萝卜软腐欧氏杆菌胡萝卜软腐致病型(Erwinia carotovora pv.carotovora),在蕃茄和丝瓜上还发现有胡萝卜软腐欧氏菌马铃薯黑胫病致病型(Erwinia carotovora pv.atroseptica). 相似文献