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1.
古尔班通古特沙漠南部植物群落β多样性及其解释 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
β多样性是表示植物群落物种组成变化的一个重要指示因子。本研究以古尔班通古特沙漠南部为研究区域,在67个样地植被学调查基础上,首先对研究区植物群落β多样性经向和纬向的变化进行了分析,其次利用方差分解的方法分析环境变量,土壤种子库变量及空间变量对β多样性分异的贡献率,探讨沙漠植被β多样性变化机制。结果表明,β多样性在经向上由西向东物种相似性增加,物种替代速率减弱;在纬向上自北向南物种相似性降低,物种替代速率略有升高。对β多样性分异解释方面,环境变量中的30年月平均降水量等变量在沙漠植被群落分布中起着决定性的作用,土壤变量与空间变量的解释比率则相对较低,而土壤种子库变化较土壤异质性对β多样性影响更大。主环境变量、土壤变量的效应是尺度依赖的。空间结构决定的随机过程也发挥着作用。研究还发现除环境变量(含土壤变量),土壤种子库变量及空间变量外,仍有近50%的β多样性分异未能解释,表明其他环境因子和随机过程对植被的影响也较大。 相似文献
2.
Adhesion through microbial surface components that recognize adhesive matrix molecules is an essential step in infection for most pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we report that LigB interacts with fibronectin (Fn) through its variable region. A possible role for LigB in bacterial attachment to host cells during the course of infection is supported by the following observations: (i) binding of the variable region of LigB to Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells in a dose-dependent manner reduces the adhesion of Leptospira, (ii) inhibition of leptospiral attachment to Fn by the variable region of LigB, and (iii) decrease in binding of the variable region of LigB to the MDCK cells in the presence of Fn. Furthermore, we found a significant reduction in binding of the variable region of LigB to Fn using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Finally, the isothermal titration calorimetric results confirmed the interaction between the variable region of LigB and Fn. This is the first report to demonstrate that LigB binds to MDCK cells. In addition, the reduction of Fn expression in the MDCK cells, by siRNA, reduced the binding of LigB. Taken together, the data from the present study showed that LigB is a Fn-binding protein of pathogenic Leptospira spp. and may play a pivotal role in Leptospira-host interaction during the initial stage of infection. 相似文献
3.
为筛选适宜高寒地区的抗旱抗寒无芒雀麦种质,观测了55份无芒雀麦种质在青海省高寒地区,早春田间水分胁迫和变温条件下的种子萌发性能。处理1充足水分(土壤饱和含水量48.63%)+最适温度(25℃),处理2水分胁迫(土壤含水量10.21%)+最适温度(25℃),处理3充足水分(土壤饱和含水量49.22%)+田间变温(-3~18℃)以及水分胁迫(土壤含水量11.03%)+田间变温(-3~18℃)。结果表明:4种处理下,无芒雀麦1号和17号俄罗斯种质的萌发性能适应早春变温和干旱的条件;3号俄罗斯种质在水分或变温单一的胁迫条件下萌发性能优良;8、33、50号俄罗斯种质和53号甘肃种质在变温条件下萌发性能达到对照水平,35号俄罗斯种质高于对照。筛选的8份种质可以用做培养抗干旱或适应变温品种的亲本材料。 相似文献
4.
G C Lantz H D Cantwell 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,188(12):1403-1405
Intermittent open-mouth lower jaw locking was documented in 5 dogs. In contrast to what has been reported in other cases, pronounced radiographic abnormalities in the temporomandibular joints were not observed. In 4 of the dogs, locking episodes started at a later age (35 to 83.5 months) than had been reported by others (6 to 22 months). Duration and frequency of locking were variable. Lateral shifting of the jaw and lack of neurologic deficits indicated a temporomandibular joint abnormality. Excision of the rostroventral portion of the involved zygomatic arch prevented locking in all cases. This syndrome involves variable severity of temporomandibular joint dysplasia, which could account for the variable age of onset and random frequency of locking episodes. 相似文献
5.
H. Gao M.S. Lund Y. Zhang G. Su 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2013,130(5):333-340
Breeding animals can be accurately evaluated using appropriate genomic prediction models, based on marker data and phenotype information. In this study, direct genomic values (DGV) were estimated for 16 traits of Nordic Total Merit (NTM) Index in Nordic Red cattle population using three models and two different response variables. The three models were as follows: a linear mixed model (GBLUP), a Bayesian variable selection model similar to BayesA (BayesA*) and a Bayesian least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model (Bayesian Lasso). The response variables were deregressed proofs (DRP) and conventional estimated breeding values (EBV). The reliability of genomic predictions was measured on bulls in the validation data set as the squared correlation between DGV and DRP divided by the reliability of DRP. Using DRP as response variable, the reliabilities of DGV among the 16 traits ranged from 0.151 to 0.569 (average 0.317) for GBLUP, from 0.152 to 0.576 (average 0.318) for BayesA* and from 0.150 to 0.570 (average 0.320) for Bayesian Lasso. Using EBV as response variable, the reliabilities ranged from 0.159 to 0.580 (average 0.322) for GBLUP, from 0.157 to 0.578 (average 0.319) for BayesA* and from 0.159 to 0.582 (average 0.325) for Bayesian Lasso. In summary, Bayesian Lasso performed slightly better than the other two models, and EBV performed slightly better than DRP as response variable, with regard to prediction reliability of DGV. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, using EBV as response variable would result in problems with the scale of the resulting DGV and potential problem due to double counting. 相似文献
6.
通过对湖北白猪新系90头样本的话体测定性状的9个变量与屠宰测定性状的10个变量之间的典型相关分析,得出了决定两组性状间相关关系的三对典型变量.湖北白猪活体测定性状与屠宰测定性状之间的相关主要是由:腹围、臀宽及活体膘厚与板油率密切相关,胸围、臀宽、臀长、臀围与屠宰率及后腿比例密切相关,及体长、胸围与瘦肉率和肥肉率间的较强相关所决定的.分析表明在湖北白猪新品系选育中,要加强胸围选择,注意保持适宜的体长.可以依据三个活体性状典型变量的信息利用达到改良屠宰性状的目的. 相似文献
7.
Nielsen SS 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(8):384-387
Milk samples from 120 cows were tested up to 10 times in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of antibodies to Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis. The purpose of the study was to estimate variance components of the assay attributable to laboratory factors using mixed model theory. Because of significant interaction between the between-run, between-day and between-plate variables, the ELISA-plate variable was nested in run-number and run-number was nested in day-number. The nested variable accounted for 68% of the laboratory variability (P < 0.001), whereas the intraplate variability accounted for only 0.04% of the laboratory variability (P > 0.9). Therefore, it was concluded that the intraplate variability could be ignored whereas the variability from the combined run-day-plate variable should be considered in any analyses based on the ELISA. 相似文献
8.
Therapeutic drug monitoring is an underutilised resource in the management of canine primary epilepsy. Many of the anti-epileptic drugs, including phenobarbitone, have variable pharmacokinetic profiles in different dogs, with each individual animal showing variable rates of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. This results in variable serum drug concentrations with the same oral dose. Many clinicians interpret this situation as therapeutic failure and classify these patients as refractory to treatment. By measuring blood concentrations of drugs at appropriate times, it is possible to explain the efficacy or failure of treatment, and also to prevent serum concentrations from reaching toxic levels. By analysing paired samples, key pharmacokinetic parameters may be calculated for each patient and a profile for the disposition of the drug obtained. Individual optimal drug dosage can be calculated for each patient at little cost to the pet owner. 相似文献
9.
Sabnis S 《Veterinary research communications》1999,23(7):425-447
The oral route is presently the preferred route of drug delivery. Poor oral bioavailability results in variable concentrations of drugs in the plasma and variable pharmacological responses, in addition to higher product costs. The unique canine physiology, anatomy and biochemistry makes designing canine dosage forms a challenging exercise. This article reviews the physicochemical, physiological, pharmacokinetic, pharmacological and formulation factors that can influence the drug availability of the oral formulations in dogs in an effort to provide a source of data to aid development of canine drug products with superior bioavailability. 相似文献
10.
11.
Sequence analysis demonstrates the conservation of fimH and variability of fimA throughout avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Vandemaele F Vandekerchove D Vereecken M Derijcke J Dho-Moulin M Goddeeris BM 《Veterinary research》2003,34(2):153-163
In this study we sequenced and analysed the fimH and fimA genes of 24 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates, in order to investigate their possible conserved nature. Additional parameters (serotype, presence of aerobactin receptor, expression of F1 pili and virulence for chickens) were investigated to look for correlations with the obtained sequences. The sequence analysis demonstrated that FimH is highly conserved among all investigated APEC strains (>99% homology), whereas the major subunit FimA is less conserved, presenting 6 variable regions distributed along the protein. A hydrophilicity analysis suggested several variable domains of FimA to be potential epitopes. We were able to classify the investigated strains into three main groups, on the basis of the amino-acid sequences of the variable regions. This grouping was consistent throughout all variable regions and was independent of serotype, leading to an improved classification of the F1 pili. No correlation was found between the fimH and fimA sequences and the following parameters: avian species, organ of isolation, serotype, presence of aerobactin receptor and virulence for chickens. This study elucidated the molecular structure and the degree of conservation of FimH and FimA among various avian pathogenic E. coli strains. 相似文献
12.
通径分析与灰色关联分析的比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
乔有明 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1997,27(4):22-25
利用两组试验数据对通径分析与灰色关联度分析进行了比较。结果表明：通径分析是在考虑自变数间相互关系的基础上进行的，而灰色关联分析未考虑自变数间的关系。采用两种方法分析同一数据得出的自变量相对重要性位次不同，但关联度位序与相关系灵敏绝对值的位次基本一致。 相似文献
13.
应用超声波破碎苏云金芽孢杆菌试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用超声波对一定浓度的苏云金芽孢杆菌的营养细胞和芽孢进行破碎试验,结果表明:在试验条件下,超声波破碎达到95%以上的破碎率所需时间为30~50min,尤其是菌液浓度为每毫升50亿,用Φ10变幅杆破碎,40min破碎率可达99.9%。而细菌的芽孢,无论是采用幅杆Φ6或Φ10,其破碎效果不明显。 相似文献
14.
Whole saliva was collected from six horses over a period of five weeks in sufficient volume for the analysis of 10 constituents. There was considerable variation in the concentration of the analytes both between horses and between different days in the same horse. The most variable constituent was sodium, and the least variable was glucose, but this was derived from the sweet used to stimulate salivation. The use of whole saliva as a fluid for investigation would depend on achieving the minimum variability possible. 相似文献
15.
变温条件下不同投喂水平对施氏鲟幼鱼消化酶、代谢酶和抗氧化酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究变温条件下不同投喂水平对施氏鲟幼鱼消化酶、代谢酶和抗氧化酶活性的影响。试验水温设恒温[(22.0±0.1)℃]和变温[(22±2)℃]2种模式,并根据投喂水平分为6组,分别为恒温100%饱食组(HW-100组)、变温100%饱食组(BW-100组)、变温90%饱食组(BW-90组)、变温80%饱食组(BW-80组)、变温70%饱食组(BW-70组)、变温60%饱食组(BW-60组)。将平均体重为(34.9±0.8)g的施氏鲟幼鱼随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复15尾鱼,养殖周期为42 d。结果表明:变温条件下,在60%~80%范围内,随着投喂水平的降低,胃及瓣肠蛋白酶活性均显著升高(P0.05)。与HW-100组相比,BW-60组与BW-70组的胃和瓣肠蛋白酶活性均显著升高(P0.05)。变温条件下,十二指肠和瓣肠淀粉酶活性及瓣肠脂肪酶活性均随投喂水平的降低呈先升高后下降的趋势。BW-80组十二指肠淀粉酶活性显著高于HW-100组及BW-100组(P0.05),BW-80组和BW-90组瓣肠淀粉酶活性显著高于其他各组(P0.05)。所有变温投喂组瓣肠脂肪酶活性均显著低于HW-100组(P0.05)。除BW-70组外,各变温投喂组血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)活性均显著高于HW-100组(P0.05)。与HW-100组相比,BW-60组、BW-70组血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著降低(P0.05)。在变温条件下,在60%~90%范围内,鱼体血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性均随着投喂水平的降低整体呈先下降后上升的趋势,且均在投喂水平为80%时降至最低值。与HW-100组相比,BW-60组、BW-70组及BW-100组血清T-AOC显著升高(P0.05),且BW-60组和BW-90组血清XOD活性显著升高(P0.05)。综上所述,在周期性变温条件下,施氏鲟幼鱼可通过提高蛋白酶活性,即提高对饲料蛋白质消化效率的方式来补偿其对饲料蛋白质摄入的不足。与恒温100%饱食相比,变温条件下各投喂水平均可提高施氏鲟幼鱼血清ALT活性。 相似文献
16.
Hayes G Mathews K Doig G Kruth S Boston S Nykamp S Poljak Z Dewey C 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2011,25(1):26-38
Background: Scores allowing objective stratification of illness severity are available for dogs and horses, but not cats. Validated illness severity scores facilitate the risk‐adjusted analysis of results in clinical research, and also have applications in triage and therapeutic protocols. Objective: To develop and validate an accurate, user‐friendly score to stratify illness severity in hospitalized cats. Animals: Six hundred cats admitted consecutively to a teaching hospital intensive care unit. Methods: This observational cohort study enrolled all cats admitted over a 32‐month period. Data on interventional, physiological, and biochemical variables were collected over 24 hours after admission. Patient mortality outcome at hospital discharge was recorded. After random division, 450 cats were used for logistic regression model construction, and data from 150 cats for validation. Results: Patient mortality was 25.8%. Five‐ and 8‐variable scores were developed. The 8‐variable score contained mentation score, temperature, mean arterial pressure (MAP), lactate, PCV, urea, chloride, and body cavity fluid score. Area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) on the construction cohort was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.87–0.94), and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.84–0.96) on the validation cohort. The 5‐variable score contained mentation score, temperature, MAP, lactate, and PCV. AUROC on the construction cohort was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.79–0.86), and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72–0.84) on the validation cohort. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Two scores are presented enabling allocation of an accurate and user‐friendly illness severity measure to hospitalized cats. Scores are calculated from data obtained over the 1st 24 hours after admission, and are diagnosis‐independent. The 8‐variable score predicts outcome significantly better than does the 5‐variable score. 相似文献
17.
In order to determine the genetic variability of Polish RHD virus strains and to confirm the presence of genetic variant (RHDVa) subtype the partial nucleotide sequences of capsid protein gene, including two highly variable regions C and E, were examined. Phylogenetic analyses of 15 viral strains obtained over 18 years revealed the presence of three genetic groups. The oldest RHDV strains exhibit very close amino acid sequence similarity (98-99%) to the German FRG89 reference strain and most of European strains of the same period, as well as Chinese isolate from 1984. The HA-negative strains and isolates with variable reactivity in the HA test belong to the second subgroup and exhibit an intermediate level of variability (about 3%) in the analysed VP60 gene fragment. The most genetically variable strains (6-7%) clustered to RHDVa subtype. The analysis of nucleotides and amino acid sequences demonstrated three pairs of well conserved RHDV strains, isolated over 3, 6 and 10-year period. 相似文献
18.
PRRSV GP5蛋白抗独特型单链抗体的构建表达及鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为制备只包含抗体可变区片段(Fv)的MAb2-5G2单链抗体(scFv),本研究从分泌MAb2-5G2的杂交瘤细胞中提取总RNA,反转录制备cDNA作为模板扩增重链可变区(VH)和轻链可变区(VL)基因.以VH-1inker-VL的形式通过重叠PCR制备scFv基因,构建重组表达质粒pEasy-scFv,并在大肠杆菌中获得正确表达.通过western blot和间接免疫荧光鉴定表明scFv蛋白能够被兔抗MAb2-5G2的抗体(Ab3)识别,复性后的scFv蛋白能够特异性结合Marc-145细胞.该研究结果为进一步明确MAb2-5G2结合Marc-145细胞功能区域奠定了物质基础. 相似文献
19.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2017,26(1):72-83
The method of matching samples was used to compare the costs and returns associated with broiler housing technology using Agricultural Resource Management Survey data for 2006 and 2011. Farms with housing that included tunnel ventilation and evaporative cooling cells (new technology) were compared with farms with housing that did not include this technology (old technology). Gross farm income, total variable expenses, and total fixed expenses were higher for the new technology farms for both years. New technology farms had greater income over variable expenses and net cash farm income in both years. 相似文献
20.
温度对两种野生禾草种子发芽的影响 总被引：19，自引：7，他引：12
采用2种恒温和6种变温8种处理方法,研究了不同温度对松嫩平原野大麦和贝加尔针茅2种野生禾草种子萌发影响。结果表明,变温有助于提高2种禾草种子发芽率。野大麦在30℃/20℃变温条件下的发芽率最高,达到53.33%。贝加尔针茅在昼夜温差为7.5～20.5℃的变温环境下发芽率最高,为25.67%。贝加尔针茅对发芽温度很敏感,而野大麦发芽适宜温度的范围较大。野大麦和贝加尔针茅种子萌发后,幼苗重量均随生长天数的增加而增加,胚乳的重量均随生长天数的增加而减少的变化趋势。幼苗重量与胚乳重量呈极显著的负相关关系。 相似文献