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《果树学报》2017,(2)
【目的】探究不同杏李品种的授粉亲和性,为杏李的授粉树合理配置提供依据。【方法】以3种杏李为母本,互相授粉,并以2个李品种及2个杏品种作父本,通过观察花粉量、花粉活力、坐果率及花粉管生长状况,探讨其授粉亲和性。【结果】‘赛买提’的花粉量最高,‘风味皇后’的花粉活力最高,‘味帝’的活力极低;3种杏李自花授粉坐果率极低;‘风味皇后’ב恐龙蛋’、‘风味皇后’ב美丽李’、‘恐龙蛋’ב风味皇后’、‘恐龙蛋’ב女神’、‘味帝’ב风味皇后’、‘味帝’ב恐龙蛋’及‘味帝’ב赛买提’的坐果率较高,花粉管较早到达花柱基部;‘风味皇后’ב味帝’、‘恐龙蛋’ב味帝’及‘味帝’ב美丽李’、‘味帝’ב女神’的坐果率差,花粉管不易深入花柱。【结论】‘风味皇后’和‘恐龙蛋’可互为授粉树,2者与‘赛买提’均适合作‘味帝’的授粉树;‘美丽李’和‘女神’适宜作‘风味皇后’及‘恐龙蛋’的授粉树;而‘味帝’不适宜作为授粉树。 相似文献
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以风味皇后和恐龙蛋2个杏李品种为试材,研究了大石早生、黑宝石、小黄李和蓝宝石4个李品种花粉对其坐果率的影响。结果表明：风味皇后和恐龙蛋2个杏李品种的自花授粉坐果率均为0,说明2品种自花不实,属异花结实果树。用大石早生和黑宝石的花粉为风味皇后授粉,坐果率分别为13.33%和5.83%,均极显著地高于风味皇后自花授粉的坐果率,且均能达到生产上要求的产量,认为上述2个李品种均可作为风味皇后的授粉树。而以小黄李和蓝宝石2个李品种为风味皇后授粉及该研究的4个李品种为恐龙蛋授粉,坐果率均为0,认为小黄李和蓝宝石2个李品种不能作为风味皇后的授粉树;而该研究的4个李品种不能作为恐龙蛋的授粉树。 相似文献
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栽植美国杏李应注意哪些问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 品种选择 根据本地引种观察 ,以风味玫瑰、味帝、恐龙蛋、味厚为主栽品种较适宜 ;味馨几乎是杏 ,与同期成熟的红丰、金太阳杏相比 ,个头小 ,果锈重 ,应控制发展 ;风味皇后和味王 ,成熟前雨水过多时裂果严重 ,故应选择年降雨量 6 0 0mm以下地区发展。美国杂交杏李自花授粉坐果率低 ,生产上要选择花期相遇 ,且相互授粉坐果率高、成熟期相近的品种搭配授粉。风味玫瑰与味帝 ,恐龙蛋、味厚、风味玫瑰、味王互为搭配。2 合理密植 美国杏李应南北行栽植 ,株行距 2～ 3m× 3～ 4m ,另外要多备苗 10 % ,便于补栽。密度选择要根据地力和管理水… 相似文献
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河南省西峡县依托国家948项目,于2001年引入味厚、味王、味馨、味帝、恐龙蛋、风味玫瑰、风味皇后7个美国杏李品种,因授粉树配置不当,3～5年生果园只开花不结果。为此,我们开展了美国杏李不同品种授粉对比试验,旨在选出适宜的授粉方法和授粉品种。1试验地概况试验地选在位于伏牛山南坡浅山区的河南省西峡县丁河镇丰山村,海拔320m,地势平坦,黄棕壤,沙壤土,土层厚1～1.5m,pH值6～6.5,年平均气温15.1℃,平均极端最高气温39.3℃,平均极端最低气温-8.5℃,≥10℃活动积温4841℃,无霜期236天,年降雨量850～900m m,空气相对湿度69%,属北亚热带季风… 相似文献
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品种选择根据本地引种观察．以风味玫瑰、味帝、恐龙蛋、味厚为主栽品种较适宜；味馨几乎是杏，与同期成熟的红丰、金太阳杏相比，个头小，果锈重，应控制发展；风味皇后和味王，成熟前雨水过多时裂果严重，故应选择年降雨量600mm以下地区发展。美国杂交杏李白花授粉坐果率低，生产上要选择花期相遇，且相互授 相似文献
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《果树学报》2017,(1)
【目的】分析6个杏李品种果实中的糖酸组分及甜酸风味特征,为杏李果实评价及品种改良提供依据。【方法】以‘风味玫瑰’‘恐龙蛋’‘味帝’‘味王’‘味厚’和‘风味皇后’6个杏李品种为试材,采用高效液相色谱法测定果实中的糖酸组分及含量。【结果】(1)6个杏李品种果实中总糖的平均含量(ω,下同)为105.44 mg?g-1,4种糖平均含量由高到低的顺序为葡萄糖果糖蔗糖山梨醇,总糖含量的高低顺序为‘风味皇后’‘味王’‘恐龙蛋’‘味帝’‘味厚’‘风味玫瑰’。(2)6个杏李品种果实中总酸的平均含量为8.57 mg?g-1,7种有机酸平均含量的高低顺序为苹果酸酒石酸奎宁酸琥珀酸草酸枸橼酸莽草酸,总酸含量的高低顺序为‘风味玫瑰’‘味王‘味帝’‘味厚’‘风味皇后’‘恐龙蛋’,其中‘恐龙蛋’‘味帝’和‘风味皇后’3个品种不含酒石酸,‘风味皇后’中不含琥珀酸,‘味厚’中不含莽草酸。(3)6个杏李品种果实风味为甜或酸甜,甜酸比由高到低依次为:‘风味皇后’‘恐龙蛋’‘味帝’‘味王’‘味厚’‘风味玫瑰’。【结论】杏李成熟果实中糖积累类型均属于己糖积累型,以积累果糖和葡萄糖为主;有机酸积累以苹果酸为主。筛选出2个高果糖品种‘味帝’‘风味皇后’和1个高山梨醇品种‘味厚’。 相似文献
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AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
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多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。 相似文献
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HU Zhi-cheng ZHU Jia-yuan ZHU Bin GUO Dong CHEN Bin ZHANG Kai HU Kun-hua LI Ming-tao TANG Bing 《园艺学报》2011,27(9):1802-1806
AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
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AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [3-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10-6-10-4 mmol/L) stimulated [3-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [3-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10-6-10-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl2 for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
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Duncan Brean W. Boyle Shannon Breininger David R. Schmalzer Paul A. 《Landscape Ecology》1999,14(3):291-309
Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere. 相似文献
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AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis. 相似文献
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Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations
from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations,
dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture
or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near
Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between
November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation
was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme
temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r
2) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation
in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences
respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds
that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for
37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest
species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain
the patchy distribution of many species.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献