共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 437 毫秒
1.
A procedure is described for the colorimetric determination of promecarb as 3-methyl-5-isopropylphenol in tissues using 2,6-dichlorpbenzoquinone-4-chlorimine as the chromogen. Cattle were exposed to either 1, 3, 5 or 8 spray applications of a 0·2% promecarb emulsion at 3-day intervals or were fed promecarb at 2 ppm or 20 ppm daily in the diet for 20 days. All animals were slaughtered 30 h after final exposure. Of the animals in the spraying trial, residues in omental fat ranged from 0·9 ppm to 1·5 ppm promecarb and 0·4 ppm to 1·9 ppm 3-methyl-5-isopropylphenol. Residues in perirenal fat ranged from 0·8 ppm to 1·9 ppm promecarb and 0·9 ppm to 1·6 ppm 3-methyl-5-isopropylphenol. Residues in diaphragm muscle did not exceed 0·06 ppm. In the feeding trial, the maximum residues induced were 2·2 ppm promecarb and 1·4 ppm 3-methyl-5-isopropylphenol in omental fat of an animal fed for 20 days on a diet containing 20 ppm promecarb. 相似文献
2.
为了评价新烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉和噻虫嗪对苜蓿盲蝽的防治效果及安全性,采用田间喷雾法测定了20%吡虫啉可溶液剂(SL)和30%噻虫嗪悬浮剂(SC)对苜蓿盲蝽的防治效果,使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定了施药1、2、3次后(间隔7 d),药剂在苜蓿中的残留情况。结果表明,当吡虫啉和噻虫嗪在施药剂量分别为25.02 g/hm2和18.00 g/hm2时,药后3～7 d对苜蓿盲蝽的防治效果分别为80.01%～82.01%和77.54%～83.29%。吡虫啉和噻虫嗪连续施药3次后,在苜蓿中的最终残留量分别为1.90 mg/kg和0.08 mg/kg,吡虫啉已超过我国食品安全国家标准GB 2763-2021规定的果蔬中的最大残留限量(0.5 mg/kg)。因此建议每茬苜蓿生长期,可选用吡虫啉和噻虫嗪防治苜蓿盲蝽,吡虫啉和噻虫嗪喷施次数分别不宜超过2次和3次。 相似文献
3.
In order to check the pre-harvest intervals established in Portugal for olive trees, residue dissipation studies have been carried out for the organophosphorus insecticides diazinon, dimethoate, methidathion, parathion and phosphamidon. Simul-taneously with the analyses of the olives, olive oil produced in the laboratory by a mechanical procedure of pressing the olives was also analysed. The analyses were car- ried out by gas-liquid chromatography. Residues found in the fresh olives, sampled at the end of pre-harvest intervals in force for each of the insecticides, were accept able. However, for diazinon and parathion, unacceptable high residue levels were found in the olive oil. The concentration of methidathion residues in the olive oil was also observed. For dimethoate and phosphamidon, no detectable residues were found in the olive oil, even when the olives were sampled one day after spraying. 相似文献
4.
5.
多旋翼植保无人机喷施新烟碱类杀虫剂对蜜蜂的飘移风险 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为明确植保无人机喷施新烟碱类杀虫剂对非靶标生物蜜蜂的飘移风险,在田间试验场景下,比较分析多旋翼植保无人机和背负式电动喷雾器喷施新烟碱类杀虫剂时的雾滴飘移量及对蜜蜂的影响。结果表明：应用背负式电动喷雾器和多旋翼植保无人机进行施药作业时,距离施药区下风向5 m处的雾滴飘移率分别为0.50%和23.98%;而多旋翼植保无人机施药时,即使距离施药区下风向17 m处的雾滴飘移率仍高达2.79%,且多旋翼植保无人机施药时的飘移总量显著高于背负式电动喷雾器。喷施新烟碱类杀虫剂时,应用背负式电动喷雾器作业时距离下风向5 m处的蜜蜂在施药后1 d内的死亡数量为75头,分别是距离下风向17 m处和对照组的2.4倍和1.8倍,施药后2~8 d内蜜蜂的死亡数量与对照组无明显差异;应用多旋翼植保无人机作业时距离下风向5 m处的蜜蜂在施药后1 d内的死亡数量为4 721头,分别是距离下风向17 m、29 m处和对照组的3.0倍、6.1倍和112.4倍,施药后2~8 d内蜜蜂的死亡数量明显降低,但距离施药区较近的蜜蜂其死亡数量明显高于对照组,表明多旋翼植保无人机喷施新烟碱类杀虫剂对蜜蜂存在较高的飘移风险。 相似文献
6.
不同作业方式和施药模式下杀虫剂对褐飞虱的防治效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨植保无人机施药沉积利用率高但防治效果不稳定的问题,利用液相色谱串联质谱法测定植保无人机和背负式喷雾器喷施后药液在水稻植株上的农药沉积率,选择烯啶虫胺、吡蚜酮、呋虫胺和毒死蜱4种杀虫剂分别对分蘖期和拔节期水稻进行不同施药模式的室内喷施试验,以模拟分析水稻非靶标部位的农药沉积对褐飞虱防治效果的影响。结果表明,植保无人机喷施后水稻中上部的农药沉积率为34.83%,显著高于背负式喷雾器的农药沉积率（15.30%）,但药后7 d的校正防治效果分别为61.4%和64.4%,两者之间差异不显著。烯啶虫胺、呋虫胺和吡蚜酮3种内吸性杀虫剂室内模拟喷施后1 d和4 d均为直接喷施处理的水稻基部农药含量最高,且该处理药后1、4和7 d的校正死亡率最高,分别为23.33%~70.00%、46.67%~80.42%和70.00%~87.50%;其次为遮挡茎部喷施处理,而水中加药和叶片受药处理的防治效果最差。对于兼有触杀和熏蒸毒性的有机磷类杀虫剂毒死蜱,水中加药处理和直接喷施处理药后1、2和4 d的校正死亡率均在98.33%以上,显著高于其他2种处理。表明不同杀虫剂的吸收传导特性不同,这直接影响其能否到达水稻基部,进而影响其对褐飞虱的防治效果。 相似文献
7.
BACKGROUND: Psocids are emerging pests in stored products, particularly in amylaceous commodities such as grains. Currently, their control is based on the use of fumigants and contact insecticides; however, newer data indicate that psocids are tolerant to insecticides used to control other stored‐grain species. This study evaluated the insecticides registered in the USA for use on stored maize, rice and wheat for control of the psocid species Lepinotus reticulatus, Liposcelis entomophila, L. bostrychophila and L. paeta. Mortality of exposed adult females was recorded after 7 and 14 days of exposure, while progeny production was assessed after 30 days of exposure. RESULTS: On wheat and rice, chlorpyriphos‐methyl + deltamethrin was generally more effective against exposed parental adults than spinosad or pyrethrin, while pirimiphos‐methyl was more effective on maize than spinosad or pyrethrin. In most cases, progeny production was suppressed in the treated grains. Progeny production was consistently lowest on wheat and rice treated with chlorpyriphos‐methyl + deltamethrin and maize treated with pirimiphos‐methyl. CONCLUSIONS: Chlorpyriphos‐methyl + deltamethrin and pirimiphos‐methyl were the most effective insecticides for all species and commodities. Conversely, efficacy of spinosad or pyrethrum was highly dependent on the psocid species and commodity. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
A. Jagadish 《Phytoparasitica》1978,6(2):45-50
0.02% a.i. dicrotophos and dimethoate, 0.025% a.i. demeton-S-methyl, thiometon, chlorfenvinphos and methomyl, and 0.03% a.i. phosphamidon were evaluated in the field for control of aphids (Myzus persicae Sulzer) infesting tobacco. All the insecticides were effective but chlorfenvinphos and methomyl were inferior to the rest. 0.03% and 0.06% a.i. endosulfan and trichlorfon, 0.05% and 0.1% a.i. carbaryl, and 0.025% and 0.05% a.i. methomyl were evaluated in the field for control of caterpillars ofSpodoptera litura (F.) defoliating tobacco. Nearly all the insecticides were effective and carbaryl and trichlorfon gave satisfactory control even at the lower concentrations tested. 相似文献
9.
无人机施药对棉蚜的防治效果及经济效益分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨采用无人机防治新疆南部地区棉蚜的可行性并筛选防治效果好的杀虫剂及具有增效作用的杀虫剂助剂,研究了采用大疆MG-1S型无人机喷施不同的杀虫剂+助剂对棉蚜的防治效果,并对无人机飞防的经济效益进行了分析。结果表明:采用MG-1S型无人机喷施22%氟啶虫胺腈悬浮剂(SC) 225 mL/hm2(制剂量,下同)时对棉蚜的防治效果最好,优于喷施70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂(WG) 30 g/hm2和70%啶虫咪WG 60 g/hm2。在添加助剂方面,以分别在70%啶虫脒WG 60g/hm2和70%吡虫啉WG 30g/hm2中添加15 mL/hm2的高工效通用助剂的防治效果最好,其次为聚合物类助剂和飞防增效剂;而在22%氟啶虫胺腈SC(150 mL/hm2)中,以添加150 mL/hm2的飞防增效剂的效果最好,其次为矿物源类、有机硅类和聚合物类助剂。采用无人机施药,在施药后3 d和5 d的防治效果与采用机械+人工拖管施药相比均无显著性差异,但无人机田间作业施药液量减少1/3,工作效率提高3倍,机械作业费减少60元/hm2,可满足现代农业高效、节药和降低成本的需要。 相似文献
10.
用喷雾法防治油菜田茴香薄翅野螟,结果表明：0.5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油和200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂4种农药对茴香薄翅野螟的防效随着施药次数增加而增加;40%灭多威可溶性粉剂和25%杀虫双水剂的防效随着施药次数的增加防效逐渐下降; 48%毒死蜱乳油在不同施药次数下防效变化幅度较小,平均防效在95.85%左右;上述7种农药喷施1次后, 以48%毒死蜱乳油和40%灭多威可溶性粉剂的防效最好,分别达96.03%和94.82%。4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油和48%毒死蜱乳油喷施2次和3次时的防效都在95.70%左右。 相似文献
11.
通过田间试验研究0.4%氯虫苯甲酰胺颗粒剂及其不同剂量对水稻二化螟的防治效果。结果表明：0.4%氯虫苯甲酰胺颗粒剂在防治期内施用600 g/667m^2、700 g/667m^2、800 g/667m^2防治二化螟均具有较好防治效果。于水稻二化螟2龄盛发期前10 d施药,药后21 d防治效果为86.18%-100%、药后30 d防治效果为84.62%-96.41%、药后40 d防治效果为82.28%-92.86%,持效期达40 d。其中700-800 g/667m^2药剂效果最佳,速效性高、持效期长,明显优于对照药剂。生产上推广使用时,以水稻二化螟2龄盛发期前10 d按剂量每667 m^2拌细土10 kg均匀撒施最好。 相似文献
12.
为明确反式-2-己烯醛、牛至油和百里香油对金银花蚜虫的生物活性及橙皮精油、有机硅对这3种药剂杀蚜活性的增效作用,本研究以金银花蚜虫的优势种胡萝卜微管蚜为试虫,采用浸虫浸叶法和叶面喷雾法进行生物活性测定及防效评价。室内测定结果显示百里香油毒力最高,LC 50为1.793 mg/L,添加橙皮精油、有机硅对供试药剂杀蚜活性均有提高,其中反式-2-己烯醛、牛至油、百里香油与有机硅组合有明显增效作用,毒力系数为1.80、1.48、1.45。田间试验结果表明常规施药后百里香油校正防效最高,施药7 d后3种药剂防治效果均高于对照组;3种药剂减量20%添加有机硅处理施药1 d后防治效果提高约10%,施药4 d后防治效果均高于对照组,施药14 d后防治效果达98%。综上,百里香油对胡萝卜微管蚜的毒力和防治效果最高,3种药剂结合有机硅使用减量增效作用明显,具有进一步开发的潜力。 相似文献
13.
An improved iodine test based on the ability of the live scale to react with iodine, yielding reduced iodine products which in turn are unable to give the blue colour reaction with starch, has been used for determining the mortality of the California red scale after treatment with various insecticides. 0.1% monocrotophos, omethoate or methidathion (active material) and 1.4% ethion formulation were found to give good control, while methomyl, mecarbam and azinphos-methyl were less effective. The results obtained by the iodine method resembled those obtained by the visual method, commonly used for determining death in armoured scales. 相似文献
14.
通过选用4种不同的杀虫剂防治淮山斜纹夜蛾试验，结果表明：药后10d，10亿PIB／mL银纹夜蛾多角体病毒悬浮剂（奥绿一号）处理的防效达100％，0．15％甲氨阿维·1000万PIB／mL苜银夜核悬浮剂（攻蛾）防效达92．8％，15％杜邦安打悬浮剂防效达91．7％，这3种药剂值得在生产上推广应用。 相似文献
15.
BACKGROUND: Plum curculio (PC), Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst.), is an important pest of peaches in the southeastern United States. Commercially acceptable control of this insect is typically achieved by weekly or biweekly application of broad‐spectrum conventional insecticides, resulting in 6–12 sprays per season. Experiments were conducted in a peach orchard in Alabama during 2007–2009 to compare the conventional calendar‐based insecticide spray program involving weekly applications of phosmet with three different reduced spray programs using three targeted (well‐timed) insecticide sprays (TIS) of phosmet, permethrin or thiamethoxam applied in an alternated fashion. RESULTS: All three TIS programs significantly reduced PC damage at harvest compared with the untreated control in two of the three years (2008 and 2009). Fruit damage due to stink bugs, which are emerging pests of peaches in the region, was also significantly reduced in the TIS programs in both years. In a separate trial in which one of the TIS programs (three targeted sprays of phosmet) was evaluated in a larger peach block in 2009, percentage fruit damage due to PC increased from < 1% in June to ～4% in late July. CONCLUSION: All the TIS programs evaluated provided effective control of PC and represent potential alternatives to the conventional weekly spray program in peaches with concomitant reduction in insecticide usage and associated costs. However, an additional spray may be necessary for effective control of PC and stink bugs in late‐season peach varieties. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
16.
W. T. H. Peregrine 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(3):318-319
Abstract A field trial was conducted during the cotton growing seasons of 1978-79 and 1979-80 at Hissar, Haryana (India) to determine the capture threshold of male pink bollworm moths in traps baited with gossyplure for timing the insecticidal application. It was found that application of insecticides when the number of male moths averaged 4 or 8 per trap per night was superior to fixed spray schedule (spraying at an interval of 13-14 days starting from middle of August) in reducing the pink bollworm incidence and obtaining higher yield of seed cotton. For effective and economic control of the pest, insecticides should be applied within 24-48 hours when the number of male moths captured in gossyplure baited traps reaches 8 per trap per night. 相似文献
17.
18.
不同诱抗剂防治豌豆白粉病的效果及对防御酶的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文研究了4种诱抗剂防治豌豆白粉病的效果及其诱导豌豆叶片防御酶活性变化。结果表明,用不同诱抗剂进行诱导处理后第7天,对豌豆白粉病防效为16.25%~52.18%,效果最好的处理为0.1%S-诱抗素,平均防效为52.18%,处理后第10天,防效上升到20.59%~56.43%,效果最好的仍为0.1%S-诱抗素;喷施诱抗剂后增产效果明显,不同处理平均增产幅度在0.77%~12.54%之间;诱导后显著提高了抗性相关防御酶POD活性,其中0.1%S-诱抗素处理POD酶活性最高,但却降低了CAT酶活性。 相似文献
19.
Abstract Permethrin applied as a spray to cattle at 0.025% or 0.05% effectively controlled Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) by the third day post‐treatment, but only provided < 60% control within 1 day post‐treatment with both concentrations. Percentage control did not drop below 90% until day 28 for 0.025% and day 31 for 0.05% permethrin; percentage control did not fall below 92% for 0.025% fenvalerate until after day 24–25; and at 0.05%, fenvalerate provided 95% control until day 28. A multiple treatment (spray applied every 2 weeks) with permethrin (0.05%) provided greater than 96% control of B. microplus after the initial treatment and 100% control by day 56. We concluded that although both chemicals have potential in an eradication program, they are not satisfactory for use at a quarantine line because both acaricides provided less than 100% control within 1 day post‐treatment. 相似文献
20.
八种杀虫剂对黑粪蚊的防治效果及残留分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
选择8种杀虫剂,分别在实验室和菇房条件下研究其对黑粪蚊的防治效果和对平菇菌丝生长的影响,并分析施药后不同时间平菇中的农药残留.结果表明,40%辛硫磷EC、40%氧乐果EC、48%毒死蜱EC对黑粪蚊具有很好的防治效果,但对平菇菌丝的抑制率明显高于其它药剂;10%吡虫啉WP、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯EC不仅对黑粪蚊成、幼虫具有良好的防治效果,而且使用后对平菇菌丝生长的影响较小;2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯EW、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯EC、1.8%阿维菌素EC等使用5天后均未检测到农药残留,5%氟虫腈SC和10%吡虫啉WP药后15天仍能检测到残留. 相似文献