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肥肝在国际市场上是一种极为畅销的水禽产品,每公斤售价20美元以上。我国从80年代初期以来,在肥肝生产的研究开发方面也做了大量的工作,基本上完成了对我国地方水禽品种产肝性能的测定,并逐渐形成了一套具有我国特色的肥肝生产工艺。近几年来,南方某些单位从国外引进技术或合资从事肥肝生产,肝及部分胴体出口,成为高额创汇项目。我国水禽品种资源丰富,地理条件优 相似文献
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试验测定了郎德鹅不同填饲期（16 d、21 d、26 d）的肥肝性能及相关血液指标。结果表明,以填饲21 d取肝效果最佳,平均肝重615.1±122.1 g,料肝比最低（22.46∶1）,26 d取肝则肝重增加不大（P〉0.05）,而料肝比增加13.62%（25.52∶1）。填饲后血液TG、CHO浓度增加,HDL-c、LDL-c提高,但TP提高较少,ALB、GLO及A/G变化较小;ALT、AST、LDH等碳水化合物代谢相关酶类则明显增加,MAO、CHE、GGT增加,ALP、ADA下降。HDL、LDL-c及TG、CHO等与16d肥肝重呈较强正相关,TBA、ALT、AST等与26d肥肝重呈正相关。 相似文献
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我国是水禽大国,现饲养的水禽主要包括鸭、鹅、番鸭、半番鸭与野鸭等。水禽的肉、蛋、肥肝别具风味,是其他家禽产品所不具备的,并且水禽还有羽毛、羽绒等高附加值的副产品。水禽业是家禽生产的一个重要组成部分。水禽饲料报酬率高,抗病易养,饲养经济效益明显,而且生产成本低,竞争力强,市场潜力巨 相似文献
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我国水禽业的技术创新与未来产业化格局 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
我国是水禽大国，现饲养的水禽主要包括家鸭，鹅、番鸭、野鸭与骡鸭等：水禽的肉、蛋别具风味，是其它家禽产品所不具备的。另外，水禽还可以进行肥肝生产，其羽毛、绒毛也是高附加值的副产品。水禽业是家禽生产中的一个重要组成部分。 相似文献
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脂联素(adiponectin)是一种能参与调控糖和脂质代谢、能量调节、免疫反应以及抵抗炎症、氧化应激和细胞凋亡等多种生理过程的激素。禽脂肪性肝病是由于禽肝脏中脂肪酸合成与酯化、脂肪酸转运、脂肪酸氧化、脂肪分解和利用等代谢途径发生异常, 导致的脂类代谢紊乱、肝细胞脂肪变性和炎症反应。文章介绍了脂联素及其分子结构, 脂联素受体及其参与的信号通路, 并重点阐述了脂联素对肝脏脂质代谢、炎症、氧化应激、肝细胞凋亡与自噬方面的调节作用及机制, 以及脂联素受体激动剂的生理作用。同时, 结合禽脂肪性肝病的发生发展机制, 对脂联素及其受体激动剂的应用前景进行了展望。文章为预防和治疗禽类乃至其他动物的脂肪性肝病提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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围产期奶牛脂肪肝等营养代谢性疾病的防治和调控是提高生产性能和效益的关键.胆碱作为一种动物生长发育必需的营养素,在奶牛肝脏脂肪代谢调控方面发挥着重要的作用.饲粮中适当补充胆碱可以有效降低肝脏脂肪含量和预防脂肪肝,并维持肝脏的正常生理功能.胆碱主要通过上调脂肪分解和下调脂肪生成途径的基因和蛋白的表达水平来调节脂肪代谢,从而减少脂肪沉积,缓解脂肪肝.本研究在已有文献报道基础上,阐述了胆碱的特性和功能,围绕胆碱对动物肝脏脂肪代谢的调节作用及机制进行了综述,旨在为奶牛维持机体健康、提高反刍动物生产性能提供理论依据. 相似文献
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Relevance of apolipoproteins in the development of fatty liver and fatty liver-related peripartum diseases in dairy cows 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Katoh N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(4):293-307
Most metabolic diseases in dairy cows occur during the peripartum period and are suggested to be derived from fatty liver initially developed during the nonlactating stage. Fatty liver is induced by hepatic uptake of nonesterified fatty acids that are released in excess by adipose tissues attributable to negative energy balance. The fatty accumulation leads to impairment of lipoprotein metabolism in the liver, and the impairment in turn influences other metabolic pathways in extrahepatic tissues such as the steroid hormone production by the corpus luteum. Detailed understanding of the impaired lipoprotein metabolism is crucial for elucidation of the mechanistic bases of the development of fatty liver and fatty liver-related peripartum diseases. This review summarizes results on evaluation of lipoprotein lipid and protein concentrations and enzyme activity in cows with fatty liver and those with ketosis, left displacement of the abomasum, milk fever, downer syndrome and retained placenta. Obtained data strongly suggest that decreases in serum concentrations of apolipoprotein B-100, apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein C-III, a reduction in activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and induction of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A are intimately related to the development of fatty liver and fatty liver-related diseases. Moreover, determination of the apolipoprotein concentrations and enzyme activity during the peripartum period is useful for early diagnoses of these diseases. 相似文献
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酒精性脂肪肝(AFLD)是由于长期大量饮酒导致肝脏脂肪代谢紊乱,并大量沉积的一种代谢性疾病。过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体-α(PPARα)是一类配体激活的核转录因子超家族成员之一,高表达于肝脏。研究发现,PPARα与乙醇代谢,以及肝脏脂肪代谢密切相关。乙醇影响PPARα的正常功能,而PPARα的缺失或表达受抑参与了酒精性肝损伤的过程,促进了肝细胞脂肪变性及炎症的发生、发展。另外,PPARα参与脂质分解代谢的多个方面,包括脂肪酸的透膜吸收、脂肪酸在细胞内的结合、脂肪酸的氧化及脂蛋白的合成与运输。PPARα及其特异性配体的运用将会成为AFLD治疗的一个新靶点。论文综述了PPARα的结构、生物学作用及其在AFLD发生机制中的作用,可为该病的治疗提供新的思路。 相似文献
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Shibani M Schlegel G Most E Schwarz FJ Ringseis R Eder K 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(3):527-534
This study was performed to assess the effects of rumen-protected conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on hepatic lipid metabolism in heifers. In particular, it was of interest whether feeding CLA causes development of fatty liver as observed recently in mice. Thirty-six growing heifers with an initial body weight of 185 kg were allotted to three treatment groups and fed daily 250 g of different rumen-protected fats for 16 weeks: The control group received 250 g of a CLA-free control fat, the CLA100 group received 100 g of a CLA fat containing 2.4% of cis-9, trans-11 CLA and 2.1% of trans-10, cis-12 CLA and 150 g control fat and the CLA250 group received 250 g of the CLA fat. CLA supplementation had no effect on animal performance parameters, liver weight and hepatic triglyceride concentration. Moreover, mRNA expression of hepatic genes involved in lipogenesis, β-oxidation and fatty acid transport was not influenced by dietary CLA. The fatty acid composition of hepatic total lipids, with particular consideration of ratios of fatty acids indicative of Δ9-, Δ6- and Δ5-desaturation, was also less influenced by dietary CLA. In conclusion, the study shows that dietary rumen-protected CLA has less effect on hepatic lipid metabolism in young heifers and does not induce the development of a fatty liver such as in mice. 相似文献
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奶牛脂肪肝的发病机理及防制措施 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
高产奶牛在分娩期易患脂肪肝。脂肪肝的发病机理尚不完全清楚 ,采食量下降并导致体脂动员是脂肪肝发生的直接原因 ,更深入的机制涉及奶牛肝脂代谢的特殊性。防制脂肪肝的思路包括降低体脂的动员、减少肝脂合成量和提高肝脂的输出量。本文对脂肪肝的发病特点、可能机制和预防措施作了讨论 相似文献
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产蛋鸡肝脏合成的极低密度脂蛋白对鸡蛋胆固醇和各类营养成分含量都有重要影响，与蛋鸡的胆固醇代谢和脂肪肝综合症之间关系密切。作者综述了产蛋鸡极低密度脂蛋白的组装及影响因素，为深入认识蛋鸡的胆固醇代谢特点和高产蛋鸡的脂肪肝综合症的成因及开发各类功能性鸡蛋有一定的指导作用。 相似文献