共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,(4)
为了研究大苞景天Sedum amplibracteatum K.T.Fu的耐热性及在不同高温胁迫下的生理特点,采用美国生产的Licor6400便携式光合仪对大苞景天的荧光参数进行了测定。结果表明:随着高温胁迫程度的慢慢增加,大苞景天叶片出现卷曲、萎蔫、变黄、干枯脱落等症状,部分植物茎基部变软腐烂,反映了其不耐高温的特点。在高温胁迫过程中,大苞景天叶片相对含水量和荧光参数呈下降趋势,电导率呈上升趋势。大苞景天的生理变化和形态特征,表明其不耐高温。 相似文献
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(8)
为了解凹叶景天对水分胁迫的反应和适应性,研究了不同水分梯度的胁迫下凹叶景天叶片水分饱和亏缺(RWD)、叶绿素含量、荧光参数等各项生理指标的变化。结果表明:水淹胁迫30 d后,凹叶景天的正常生长受到影响,重度干旱胁迫40 d和极度干旱胁迫10 d则严重抑制凹叶景天的生长,整体趋势表现为叶片RWD呈升高趋势,叶绿素含量、Fv/Fm、Fv’/Fm’、ETR呈降低趋势;而轻度干旱胁迫和中度干旱胁迫对凹叶景天生长没有造成明显的影响,说明其对这两种梯度的水分胁迫具有比较强的适应力。 相似文献
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以引种的9种多年生地被植物为材料,通过对其在华北高寒区自然生长条件下的越冬性与生长形态观测,以及人工低温胁迫下根系抗寒生理指标变化与株体生长恢复的实证研究表明,0～-18℃处理温段,9种地被植物的相对电导率、可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量均呈上升趋势;在-18～-36℃处理温段,桔梗、金娃娃萱草可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量仍保持上升而后再下降,而玉簪、荷兰菊、百合则呈持续下降趋势。结合越冬性与低温胁迫下株体恢复生长状况认为,9种地被植物在华北高寒区常年环境下均可越冬,其抗寒能力依次为:桔梗>金娃娃萱草>大花萱草>单瓣芍药>重瓣芍药>八宝景天>玉簪>荷兰菊>百合。 相似文献
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《绿色科技》2016,(13)
针对4种屋顶绿化植物材料对重庆夏季高温干旱环境的耐受性进行了研究,发现了基质厚度与凹叶景天(Sedum emarginatum)、垂盆草(Sedum sarmentosum)、虎耳草(Saxifraga stolonifera)及玉龙草(Ophiopogon japonicus cv.‘Nanus’)对高温干旱共同胁迫的耐受性呈正相关关系,4种屋顶绿化植物材料在基质厚度1cm条件下,仅一周就会出现较大反应。基质厚度3cm条件下,4种屋顶绿化植物材料对极端天气的耐受性均有不同程度的提升,但仍难度过整个极端高温天气;5cm基质厚度条件下,4种屋顶绿化植物材料均可自然通过重庆酷夏阶段。对凹叶景天、垂盆草、虎耳草及玉龙草的生理指标进行了测定,发现了基质厚度与凹叶景天、垂盆草、虎耳草及玉龙草对高温干旱共同胁迫的耐受性密切相关:随着基质厚度的增厚,4种屋顶绿化植物材料的O2-.、MDA含量逐步降低,SOD、POD、CAT活性降低速率减缓。 相似文献
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以景天属植物玉米石为研究对象,通过人工控温的方法来研究低温胁迫对玉米石叶片的相对电导率(REC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性糖含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)等生理指标的影响。结果表明,随着胁迫温度的下降,玉米石景天叶片的相对电导率呈现出先升高后降低的变化趋势,当温度为5℃时相对电导率达到最大值16.03%;可溶性糖的含量呈现出先下降后上升的变化趋势,当温度为20℃时出现最小值0.088%;丙二醛的含量呈现先下降后上升再下降的趋势,在温度为15℃时出现最小值0.012μmol/mg;三种抗氧化酶相互协作,CAT呈现先升高后下降再缓慢上升的趋势,POD呈现逐渐下降的趋势,SOD则总体变化幅度不大,呈现出先上升后缓慢下降的趋势,当温度为20℃时,CAT活性达到最大值42.92 U/g/min,POD活性也达到最大值173.33 U/g,SOD活性也达到最大值378.47 U/ml。 相似文献
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研究了持续高温干旱胁迫条件下禾本科C4植物香根草的光合特性和几种生理指标的变化.结果表明:在整个高温干旱胁迫过程中土壤相对含水量、香根草叶片相对含水量及叶绿素含量均呈下降趋势,而丙二醛(MDA)含量和游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量持续增加,抗氧化物酶类(SOD、POD)活性先升高后降低.胁迫初期香根草叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、细胞间CO2浓度(Ci)显著下降.随着胁迫程度加剧,PSII最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、PSII有效光化学量子产量(Fv'/Fm')、光化学猝灭(qP)、非光化学猝灭(qN)、电子传递速率(ETR)下降.表明高温干旱胁迫初期光合速率的下降是由于气孔关闭引起,胁迫后期指标变化是由于叶片PSII光合系统受损引起. 相似文献
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Xiang-Ming Wang Graduate Student Bernard Riedl Alfred W. Christiansen Robert L. Geimer 《Wood Science and Technology》1995,29(4):253-266
Summary The effects of temperature and relative humidity on phenol-formaldehyde resin bonding were evaluated. Two flakes in a lap-shear configuration were bonded under an environment of controlled temperature (110 °C, 120 °C, 130 °C, 140 °C) and relative humidity (41%, 75%, 90%) for a series of time periods (0.25 to 16 min). The lap-shear specimens were then shear-tested on a mechanical testing machine and the results were used to establish a family of bond strength development curves at each temperature and level of relative humidity. At 110°C, the higher relative humidity appeared to retard resin bonding. The effects of relative humidity diminished as temperature increased to 140 °C. Bond strength development was chemical ratecontrolled. The rate of bond strength development at each relative humidity follows a first order reaction mechanism. The activation energy of resin-wood bonding, determined by bonding kinetics, was higher than that of resin alone, determined by differential scanning calorimetry. This comparison indicates that to form a strong resin-wood bond, a higher energy level might be required.This material is based on work supported by the Ministry of International Affairs, Quebec Government, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and Laval University (Quebec City). The work was also supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under research joint venture agreement FP-92-1835 相似文献
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选择城阳区13种地被植物,进行植物吸热降温效益的测定与计算。结果表明：蔷薇、黄花鸢尾、火棘、五叶地锦日蒸腾释水量和日蒸腾吸热量较高,是较好的吸热降温树种,而大叶黄杨、金叶女贞较低。灌木地被单位叶面积蒸腾吸热量明显高于藤本和草本地被。 相似文献
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在人工气候室内采用盆栽方法,研究了高温高湿胁迫对红花荷等26种园林植物叶片相对含水量、细胞质膜相对透性、可溶性蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性等生理生化指标的影响,采用隶属函数分析法进行耐热性综合评价。结果表明,复羽叶栾树隶属函数值最高,对高温高湿的耐性最强,红花荷、黄槐、杜鹃红山茶、无忧树、火焰木、红花银桦、蓝花风铃木、红花羊蹄甲、黄花风铃木、仪花和芒果耐性较强,澳洲火焰木、宫粉羊蹄甲、红千层、腊肠树、美丽异木棉、深山含笑、樟树、糖胶树和海南红豆耐湿热性中等,而广宁红山茶、红花风铃木、猫尾木、乳源木莲和尖叶杜英耐湿热性弱。研究植物对高温高湿逆境的响应机制将有助于采取有效的措施来抵御高温高湿对植物的危害．为城市森林景观建设提供科学依据。 相似文献
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沈阳市5种绿化树种固碳释氧与降温增湿效应研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为给沈阳市园林绿地树种的选择与配置提供科学依据,该研究选择沈阳市园林绿化的5种主要乔木作为试验材料,利用LI-6400便携式光合仪测定了光合生理指标,并对其固碳释氧和降温增湿效应进行了初步量化比较。结果表明,春季单位叶面积日固碳释氧能力为银中杨大叶朴稠李银杏紫椴;降温增湿能力为银中杨大叶朴紫椴银杏稠李。银中杨改善环境碳氧平衡、降温增湿作用均优于其他4种乔木,调节小气候的能力较强。 相似文献
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Masaki Suzuki Hiroshi Akitsu Kohta Miyamoto Shin-ichiro Tohmura Akio Inoue 《Journal of Wood Science》2014,60(3):207-214
Acetaldehyde emissions from particleboard, fiberboard, and plywood were studied using the small chamber method and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The chamber tests were conducted for 1 month to examine the time dependence of acetaldehyde emission. Effects of temperature and relative humidity were also examined. Acetaldehyde emissions from these wood-based materials decreased rapidly and their behavior could be described by an exponential function or by the sum of two exponential functions. This result suggests that in an adequately ventilated atmosphere, the acetaldehyde emission factor decreases quickly following the board’s production. Under fixed absolute humidity conditions, the initial acetaldehyde emission factor was larger under higher temperature conditions, but tended to show almost the same value after 14 days. This suggests that higher temperatures promote higher initial concentrations and a faster decline of acetaldehyde. A semi-empirical linear equation was obtained for the early stage relationship between the emission factor and temperature. Under fixed temperature conditions, higher relative humidity caused a larger acetaldehyde emission factor throughout the testing period, and it did not result in a significantly faster decline in emissions. The relationship between acetaldehyde emission and relative humidity can be described using an exponential function. 相似文献
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Z. P. Bažant 《Wood Science and Technology》1985,19(2):159-177
Summary Theoretical analysis of the effects of variations in moisture content and temperature on the creep of wood is presented. Thermodynamics of the processes of diffusion of water in wood microstructure is discussed and distinction is drawn between macrodiffusion and microdiffusion. The constitutive relation for steady states of moisture content and temperature is formulated on the basis of Maxwell chain model whose viscosity coefficients depend on moisture content and temperature. It is shown that the apparent acceleration of creep due to simultaneous drying (or wetting) as well as heating (or cooling) may be modeled as additional, stress-induced shrinkage (or swelling) and stress-induced thermal expansion (or contraction), described by shrinkage and thermal expansion coefficients that depend on the absolute values of the rates of pore humidity and temperature. Certain other sources of irreversibility of creep are also discussed.Thanks are due to Forest Products Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Madison, Wisconsin, for funding a large part of this work under subcontract FP-81-0389. Thanks are also due to John J. Zahn, research engineer from this laboratory and the subcontract monitor, for his numerous valuable discussions during the progress of the work. 相似文献
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【目的】分析竹林下日温湿度变化对棘托竹荪出菇动态及产量的影响,揭示出菇过程中温湿度的调控机制,为竹林下棘托竹荪的科学种植提供参考依据和技术指导。【方法】以棘托竹荪为研究对象,分别在湖南省的炎陵县和永州市竹林下开展相关研究,记录棘托竹荪出菇期日产量和竹林地表空气温度和相对湿度,拟合日产量动态曲线,并对其日产量与温湿度变化的相关性及不同温、湿度梯度下出菇日产量的差异进行了分析。【结果】出菇期竹林地表日均温度范围为21~32 ℃、空气相对湿度大于65%,且棘托竹荪日产量的变化较符合阻尼正弦函数的动态拟合曲线。虽然林地日均温、湿度及其昼夜差与竹荪日产量间均没有显著的相关性,不同平均日温、相对湿度的梯度间竹荪的日产量存在显著差异,其日产量在日平均温度为26~28 ℃和平均相对湿度为85%~90%时达到最大;除永州点的空气昼夜温差梯度之外,炎陵点的昼夜温、湿度梯度和永州点的昼夜湿度差梯度间的日产量均无显著差异。【结论】在出菇阶段,林地地表空气日平均温度为26~28 ℃、相对湿度保持在85%~90%,且相对小的温湿度变化更有利于棘托竹荪子实体的分化。 相似文献