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1.
研究了泡桐(原变种)果实的化学成分。采用Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及薄层色谱等方法进行分离.从其70%丙酮提取物水溶性部分分离得到4种苯丙素苷化合物,经波谱分析及理化性质分析,化合物分别鉴定为:毛蕊花苷(1)、异毛蕊花苷(2)、campneosideⅡ(3)和isocampneosideⅡ(4)。化合物1和2首次从该植物中得到。抑菌活性试验结果表明,泡桐(原变种)果实中分离得到的苯丙素苷化合物、丙酮提取物、乙酸乙酯溶及水溶性部分具有较高的抑菌活性,其中,对革兰氏阳性菌中表皮葡萄球菌的抑制能力最强。  相似文献   

2.
核桃楸树皮提取物的化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5  
研究了核桃楸树皮的化学成分及其抗氧化活性.采用Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及薄层色谱等方法进行分离,从其70%丙酮提取物乙酸乙酯及水溶性部分中分到11种化合物,经波谱分析及理化性质鉴定化合物分别为:短叶松素(1)、花旗松素(2)、蛇葡萄素(3)、山奈酚(4)、槲皮素(5)、杨梅素(6)、阿福豆苷(7)、紫云英苷(8)、槲皮苷(9)、异槲皮苷(10)、杨梅苷(11).化合物1、3、5、6、8、10为首次从该植物中分得.经DPPH试验,测定了正己烷溶性、二氯甲烷溶性、乙酸乙酯溶性和水溶性部分以及粗提物和分得化合物的抗氧化活性.其中乙酸乙酯和水溶性部分及化合物1~6与对照组相比具有很强的抗氧化活性.  相似文献   

3.
日本落叶松新鲜松针的化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
研究了日本落叶松新鲜松针的化学成分及其抗氧化活性.采用Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及薄层色谱等方法进行分离,从其95%乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯溶性部分中分到7种化合物,经波谱分析及理化性质化合物分别鉴定为:儿茶素(1)、表儿茶素(2)、没食子儿茶素(3)、异鼠李素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(4)、紫云英苷(5)、2"-O-鼠李糖牡荆黄苷(6)和cedrusin (7).7种化合物均首次从该植物中分得.经DPPH试验,测定了核酸溶性部分、二氯甲烷溶性部分、乙酸乙酯溶性部分、水溶性部分、粗提物及分得化合物的抗氧化活性.其中乙酸乙酯溶性部分及化合物1~3具有很强的抗氧化活性.  相似文献   

4.
采用硅胶柱层析、中低压色谱和制备高效液相色谱协同活性跟踪方法,对漆树木粉醇提取物乙酸乙酯部位的具有抑制酪氨酸酶活性的化合物进行分离,并用红外、质谱和核磁等色谱分析手段对化合物的结构进行表征。从漆树木粉提取物乙酸乙酯部位分离得到7种多酚化合物,分别为没食子酸(1)、黄颜木素(2)、漆黄素(3)、硫黄菊素(4)、3,4',7-三羟基二氢黄酮醇(5)、槲皮素(6)和紫铆花素(7)。各化合物抑制酪氨酸酶活性(半数抑制质量浓度,IC_(50))由强到弱顺序:硫黄菊素(3.74 mg/L)、紫铆花素(4.32 mg/L)、槲皮素(18.73 mg/L)、漆黄素(69.4 mg/L)、没食子酸(89.5 mg/L)、黄颜木素(100 mg/L)和3,4',7-三羟基二氢黄酮醇(164.07 mg/L)。  相似文献   

5.
核桃楸树皮的没食子酸、鞣花酸及水解单宁成分研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
研究了核桃楸树皮丙酮-水提取物的水溶性萃取部位的化学成分.采用Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及薄层色谱等方法进行分离,经波谱分析及理化性质测定,鉴定了6个化合物:没食子酸(1)、鞣花酸(2)、1,2,6-三没食子酰葡萄糖(3)、1,3,6-三没食子酰葡萄糖(4)、1,2,4,6-四没食子酰葡萄糖(5)及1,2,3,4,6-五没食子酰葡萄糖(6).化合物2、4、6为首次从该植物中分得.  相似文献   

6.
研究了狭叶虎皮楠中的黄酮类化合物,利用硅胶柱、Sephadex LH-20和制备型液相色谱(pre-HPLC)从中分离得到4个黄酮类单体,利用质谱及核磁共振进行分析鉴定,得出化合物分别为:芹菜素(Ⅰ)、木犀草素(Ⅱ)、柚皮苷(Ⅲ)和葛根素(Ⅳ) ,并对它们的抗氧化活性进行了比较,经检索这4种化合物均为首次从狭叶虎皮楠中提取分离得到.  相似文献   

7.
研究了杜仲内树皮及其抽提物的一般物、矿物质、脂肪酸与单糖的化学组成.结果表明,碳水化合物(92.97%)、钙(5.1769mg/g)、α - 亚麻酸(27.4%)及葡萄糖(130.51mg/g)分别是杜仲内树皮的一般物、矿物质、脂肪酸与单糖的主要组成成分.采用Sephadex LH - 20柱色谱及薄层色谱等方法,从其70%丙酮提取物水溶性部分分到5种化合物,经波谱分析及理化性质化合物分别鉴定为:紫云英苷(1)、异槲皮苷(2)、槲皮素 - 3 - O - 木糖葡萄糖苷(3)、异绿原酸 A(4)、异绿原酸 C(5).化合物3~5为首次从该植物中分得.  相似文献   

8.
通过各种柱色谱分离纯化技术,对无花果果实的水溶性成分进行了提取和分离,然后借助现代波谱学手段(UV、IR、HRMS、~1H NMR及13C NMR)鉴定并推断了化合物的结构。从无花果果浆的乙醇提取物中分离得到7个单体化合物,分别为:无花果多糖(F-1),乳糖(1)、阿拉伯糖基表乳糖(2)、鼠李糖基纤维二糖(3)、维生素C(4)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,5)和β-胡萝卜素(6)。化合物2和3为首次报道的新寡糖类化合物,化合物1~5均为首次从无花果的果实中分离得到,化合物5是植物源DHA的重要发现。  相似文献   

9.
忍冬花蕾的化学成分研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
采用硅胶柱层析、反相硅胶(ODS)柱层析,从忍冬花蕾乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分分离得到9个化合物,经理化常数对照及波谱分析,鉴定它们的结构分别为环烯醚萜苷类:马钱子素(1), 獐牙菜苷(2),7-epi-vogeloside (3),7-epi-loganin(4),secoxyloganin(5);有机酸类:咖啡酸(6),对 -羟基苯甲酸(7);植物甾醇类:β-谷甾醇(8),胡萝卜苷(9).化合物4、5、6、7为首次从忍冬花蕾中分离得到.经初步药理实验,发现化合物1、4、5具有保肝作用.  相似文献   

10.
研究红叶李叶的化学成分和抗氧化活性。以硅胶、葡聚糖凝胶LH-20、高效制备液相色谱等分离红叶李叶乙醇提取物,根据光谱数据结合理化性质鉴定17个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(1)、豆甾醇(2)、胡萝卜苷(3)、羽扇豆醇(4)、熊果酸(5)、阿江榄仁酸(6)、Niga-ichigoside F1(7)、芹菜素(8)、山奈酚(9)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、槲皮素(11)、槲皮素4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(12)、金丝桃苷(13)、木犀草素(14)、木犀草素-4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(15)、芦丁(16)、没食子酸(17)。所有化合物均为首次从红叶李叶中分离得到。以DPPH自由基清除能力检测所得化合物的抗氧化能力,结果显示,化合物11,14和17表现出显著的自由基清除能力,IC50分别为32.18、34.65和34.12 mmol/L,活性强于Vc(IC50为55.22 mmol/L)。  相似文献   

11.
三倍体毛白杨发展战略研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
在气候和品种区划的基础上,系统研究了三倍体毛白杨的发展战略及其关键技术。结果表明:(1)利用两滩立地优势,营造三倍体混系丰产林。(2)体制上以区划定基地、定品种。集中育苗,统一管理,统一调拨。以审场为导向,形成产业化体系。(3)育苗上以多圃系列育苗为主,掌握其精髓,灵活运用,实现快速优质高效育苗。(4)造林技术上,就地育就地造,起、运、泡、栽一条龙作业。保证苗木质量、修枝、泡苗24h、大穴深栽、踩实浇透,是提高造林成活率之技术关键。  相似文献   

12.
A new norlignan, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-tetrahydropyran (1), together with 9 known compounds were isolated from the branches and leaves of Taxodium ascendens. Their structures were mainly determined on the basis of MS, IR, 1D and 2D NMR spectral evidences. Methanol extract showed inhibitory activity on carbonic anhydrase II with an IC50 value of 4.27 µg/ml, acetone extract and methanol extract inhibited activity of cathepsin B with IC50 values of 2.12 and 3.71 µg/ml, respectively.  相似文献   

13.
Variation of Leaf Characteristics in Populus tomentosa Carr.   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
An investigation was conducted to determine the extent of variations among nine provenances of Populus tomentosa Carr. in terms of leaf characteristics. A total of 263 accessions were studied under field conditions in the National Gene Bank of P. tomentosa in 2003. All of the accessions were characterized by 17 indices from 1 to 2-dimension constructions. Variance analysis of all characteristics showed that there were significant differences among the nine provenances and among individuals within each provenance. This study reveals that the evaluated germplasm appears to have a wide genetic base and high potential for further genetic improvements and it also indicates that abundant gene resources of P. tomentosa have been collected and preserved in the National Gene Bank.  相似文献   

14.
Lignin Characterization of Triploid Clones of Populus tomentosa Carr.   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
In order to understand the structural characteristics of lignin in triploid clones ofPopulus tomentosa and its changes in the processes of pulping and bleaching, milled wood lignin (MWL), lignin carbohydrate complex (LCC) and the residual lignin from kraft pulp (KP) and sulfite pulp (SP) were isolated and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum and ^13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The most diagnostic peaks were assigned and the differences were discussed. The spectral patterns reveal that triploid P tomentosa shows the specific features of hardwood from temperate areas, but in the spectrum of FTIR, the strength ratio orAl270 cm^-1 to A1226 cm^-1 is 0.88, higher than the average of hardwood from temperate areas, which will make the lignin delignification more difficult during pulping and bleaching. The LCC from triploid P tomentosa is mainly composed of xyloglucan and glucuronic acid, and other glucides have much lower ratio. In LCC FTIR, there are three peaks at 1 427, 1 329 and 1 046 cm^-1, indicating that both semi-cellulose and cellulose could exist in LCC, and that there might be relationships between cellulose and lignin. Compared with the residual lignin from KP and SP, the condensed structure in KP is more than that in SP.  相似文献   

15.
组合利用生物信息学和RT-PCR方法,首次从毛白杨未成熟木质部cDNA中分离出PtCesA4cDNA全长,并进行测序和序列分析,结果表明克隆的毛白杨PtCesA4 cDNA片段总长为3 757 bp,基因内部含有完整的开放阅读框架,大小为3 129 bp,可编码长度为1 042个氨基酸残基的蛋白质,所推导的蛋白质氨基酸序列与拟南芥AtCesA4、水稻OsCesA,和火炬松PtCesA2的蛋白质氨基酸序列同源性分别为80.3%,78.9%和75.6%.组织特异性Realtime-PCR结果显示,PtCesA4基因在杨树根、茎、叶片和顶端分生组织中均有表达,但其表达模式却不同:PtCesA4在成熟叶片、未成熟木质部和成熟木质部中表达丰度最高,在根部和顶端分生组织表达丰度中等,在树皮和韧皮部有少量表达,在形成层中表达丰度最低.在此基础上,组合利用MEGA3.1和DnaSP4.50.4软件对毛白杨40株基因型个体的PtCesA4序列进行比对和分析,检测到153个单核苷酸多态性(sinsh nueleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点,SNP频率为1/35 bp,多样性指数π/0.005 02.其中51个是常见SNPs,102个为罕见SNPs.在这些SNPs中,有118个属于转换,35个属于颠换.在外显子区域,共检测到69个SNP位点,其中59个为同义突变,10个为错义突变.对PtCesA4基因内SNPs进行的连锁不平衡分析结果显示,随着核苷酸序列长度的增加,SNPs的连锁不平衡在基因内部迅速衰退,因此,在毛白杨中,基于PtCesA4基因的连锁不平衡作图是可行的,而基于整个杨树基因组的连锁不平衡作图是不可行的.也是不必要的.研究结果为毛白杨PtCesA4基因的连锁不平衡作图及其基因辅助毛白杨木材纤维性状的分子育种提供了理论依据.  相似文献   

16.
利用RT-PCR方法,首次从毛白杨成熟木质部cDNA文库中分离出PtSUS1 cDNA全长,并进行了测序和序列分析。结果表明:克隆的毛白杨PtSUS1 cDNA片段总长为2703bp,基因内部含有完整的开放阅读框架,大小为2415bp,可编码长度为805个氨基酸残基的蛋白质,所推导的蛋白质氨基酸序列与拟南芥AtSUS1、水稻OsSUS1的蛋白质氨基酸序列同源性分别为83.4%,75.7%。组织特异性Realtime-PCR结果显示,PtSUS1在成熟木质部表达丰度最高,在成熟叶片、根部和正在发育的木质部表达丰度中等,在韧皮部和形成层有少量表达,在嫩叶与顶端分生组织中表达丰度最低。在此基础上,组合利用MEGA4.0和DnaSP4.50.4软件对毛白杨40株基因型个体的PtSUS1序列进行比对和分析,共检测到235个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,SNP频率为1/25bp,多样性指数π为0.00924。在外显子区域,共检测到66个SNP位点,其中55个为同义突变,10个为错义突变,1个为无义突变。在编码区内,非同义突变与同义突变的比率<1,这一结果显示在毛白杨物种演化过程中,纯化选择是PtSUS1基因内同义SNP位...  相似文献   

17.
Horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis was used to study crude enzyme extraction from young leaves of 234 clones of Populus tomentosa Cart. selected from nine provenances in North China. Ten enzyme systems were resolved. One hundred and fifty-six clones showing unusual allozyme band patterns at locus Mdh-Ⅰ were found. Three allozyme bands at locus Mdh-Ⅰ were 9:6:1 in concentration. Further studies on the electrophoretic patterns of ground mixed pollen extraction of 30 male clones selected at random from the 156 clones were conducted and it was found that allozyme bands at locus Mdh-Ⅰ were composed of two dark-stained bands and a weak band. Only one group of the malate dehydrogenase (MDH) zymogram composed of two bands was obtained from the electrophoretic segregation of pollen leachate of the same clones. A comparison of the electrophoretic patterns one another suggested that the locus Mdh-Ⅰ coding malate dehydrogenase in diploid species of P. tomentosa was duplicated. The duplicate gene locus possessed three same alleles and was located in mitochondria. The locus duplication of alleles coding malate dehydrogenase in P.tomentosa was discovered and reported for the first time.  相似文献   

18.
利用AFLP分子标记技术 ,以毛新杨×毛白杨BC1群体中的 12 0个单株为材料 ,在整个基因组水平上研究AFLP标记在该群体中期望的孟德尔分离情况 .4 1对AFLP引物组合共检测到 2 70 7个位点 ,其中在分离群体的亲本毛新杨和毛白杨间具有多态性的位点有 712个 .经卡方检验后得到在P <0 .0 1水平上 ,符合期望孟德尔 1∶1分离的位点共有 5 71个 ,占多态性位点的 80 .2 % ,该结果表明AFLP标记技术很适合用于毛白杨指纹分析和遗传连锁图谱构建  相似文献   

19.
毛白杨遗传改良研究进展(英文)   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
毛白杨是中国一个十分重要的乡土树种,从“六·五”开始就被列为国家科技攻关研究的树种,分别在基因资源收集保存、无性系选育、回交和多交育种、三倍体育种、快速无性繁殖技术等方面进行了研究  相似文献   

20.
Effects of Planting Density on Growth of New Clones in Populus tomentosa   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Effects of seven planting densities on the growth and tree form of nine 5-year-old new clones in Populus tomentosa were studied. The plantations, arranged with completely random block design, were located in Wuzhi County, Henan Province.Results indicated that effects of planting density on the diameter at breast height (DBH), individual volume and growing stock increment of all new clones in P. tomentosa were significant at the 1% level of probability, effects of planting density on the tree height increment of new clones B2 and B31 and on the live branches height (LBH) increment of new clones B5 and B30 were significant at the 5% level of probability, while the interaction between planting density and clone was not significant at the 5% level of probability. It was concluded that the degree of differences among new clones within the same planting density was different with different planting densities and traits. For short rotation industrial timber, clones B 1, B3, B4, B5, B7, B9, B31 were suitable with the density of 1 000-2 500 trees per hectare, while for bigger diameter timber, clones B1, B3, B4, B7, B9, B31 could be used with the planting density of 660-833 trees per hectare. Clonal repeatability was also different in different planting densities.  相似文献   

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