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2006年度，小麦赤霉病在南漳县严重发生，发生面积1．87万hm^2，防治面积1．67万hm^2，造成损失600t。在近15年中，其发生危害程度仅次于大发生的2003年。 相似文献
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稻瘿蚊是邕宁县晚稻的主要害虫之一，1a发生7－8个世代，以长1、2代为害早稻无效分蘖，第3代为害早稻无效分蘖及晚稻杂优制种田，第4代小部分继续为害迟插早稻无效分蘖及制种田，主要为害晚稻秧田，第5代有部分为害晚稻秧田，主要为害早插晚稻本田，第6代为害晚稻本田，第7代（或8代）为害晚稻无效分蘖。第5、6代是晚稻本田主害代。在邕宁20世纪80年代初至90年代中期（截至1995年）是严重发生为害时期，平均每年发生面积1．722万hm^2，占种植面积的36．9％，造成粮食损失255．02万kg，对水稻生产构成严重威胁。90年代后期发生面积有所下降，平均每年发生面积0．728万hm^2，其中2000年稻瘿蚊发生程度是19995年以发生最轻的一年，从早稻后期虫源来看，早稻后期无效分蘖标葱率是近10a来最高的一年，虫源面积之广，有效虫源之多也是近10a来最多的一年，而晚稻稻瘿蚊却发生轻。本文就定问题作进一步分析，仅供参考。 相似文献
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1发生特点 松滋市是全国商品粮基地县(市),常年种植水稻近5．33hm^2。随着优质稻的推广,晚稻稻瘟病在丘陵山区发生逐年加重,近几年已上升为晚稻上的主要病害,特别是2004年晚稻穗颈瘟的发生为害给晚稻生产造成了较大损失。 相似文献
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１９９３年应城市晚稻稻瘟病大流行及应急措施１９９３年晚稻稻瘟病在我市发生了罕见的大流行，全市晚粳面积１６．８３万亩，全部发病，实际损失达１２００万公斤。我们在调查的基础上，对１９９３年稻瘟病大流行的原因进行了分析，并提出了相应的防治策略。１大发生情况... 相似文献
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2010年温州山区稻瘟病大发生原因分析及防控对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2010年泰顺等山区80个乡(镇)的单季稻(晚稻)发生严重的稻瘟病,发病面积近6 193.33 hm2,有333.33 hm2因穗瘟而绝收,是温州市20多年来稻瘟病发生最严重的一年.笔者分析了导致2010年山区单季稻(晚稻)稻瘟病大发生的原因:一是种植感病品种多;二是气候条件有利于稻瘟病的发生;三是农民防治不到位.提出了选育种植抗性品种、加强预测预报、做好技术培训、把好用药关,做到有效防治的防控策略. 相似文献
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1883年,晚稻稻瘟病在我市大面积流行,尤以穗瘟造成的损失严重。据统计,全市晚稻稻瘟病发生面积6.38万hm~2,占晚稻种植面积的69.6％,其中穗瘟发生4.41万hm~2。占晚稻稻瘟病发生面积的69.2％,成灾面积3740hm~2。为了摸清其流行为害和损失情况,我们会同孝南、云梦、应城、汉川等县、市、区植保站,在较大范围内进行了调查,并走访座谈了农户。通过田间调查与走访农户,给我们以下启示: 1 推广种植抗(耐)病品种是控制病害流行为害的有效措施。汉川县麻河镇高湾村农民吴汉强,鄂晚5号与9022种植在同一块田,同样的管理,在防治上 相似文献
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The nature of a reductive system which actively degrades mexacarbate in the rat intestine and liver was investigated. The system is characterized by its stability against heat and protease treatments and its requirements for a flavin cofactor and an acidic pH for a maximum activity. As a result of purification and spectroscopic identification attempts the system responsible for the above reductive activity was identified to be flavoprotein. Under anerobic conditions such flavoproteinflavin cofactor systems degrade mexacarbate first to 4-N-desmethylmexacarbate and then to polar water-soluble metabolites. 相似文献
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利用祁连山老虎沟地区海拔4200m气象观测站2010年的观测资料,采用FAO Penman-Monteith公式,再利用作物系数法,对高寒草甸生长季(5月22-9月22)的蒸散发量进行估算和分析。结果发现:研究期共有124天,蒸散发总量为238.3mm,日均为1.87mm·d-1。生长初期、生长中期、生长末期的蒸散发总量依次为22.6mm,179.1mm,36.6mm,依次占研究期总量的8.4%,75.2%,15.3%。5月下旬至6月中旬,日均蒸散发量以较低水平缓慢上升;6月下旬迅速增加;6月末至7月中旬猛然回落;7月中旬至8月末,日均蒸散发量迅速上升且维持在较高水平;此后直到9月22日,缓慢减少。5-9月月蒸散发总量依次为6.6mm,46.4mm,74.5mm,77.6mm,33.1mm。 相似文献
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Aetiology of Rhizoctonia in sheath blight of maize in Sichuan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Rhizoctonia isolates obtained from maize grown in commercial fields in 33 representative counties (or cities) in Sichuan province in China were characterized according to colony morphology, hyphal anastomosis and pathogenicity. Of 141 isolates, 116 were identified as R. solani , 23 as R. zeae and two as binucleate Rhizoctonia . The isolates of R. solani were assigned to four anastomosis groups (AG): AG-1-IA (101 isolates, accounting for 71.6% of the total), AG-1-IB (2, 1.4%), AG-4 (9, 6.4%) and AG-5 (4, 2.8%). The two isolates of binucleate Rhizoctonia belonged to AG-K. On maize, isolates of AG-1-IA caused typical sheath blight symptoms. Lesions produced by isolates of AG-4, AG-5, AG-1-IB and AG-K were darker than those of AG-1-IA. Rhizoctonia zeae usually caused discontinuous lesions with a dark brown margin and a brown centre on the leaf sheaths, as well as ear rot. Isolates of AG-1-IA were the most virulent to maize, with an average lesion length of approximately 15 cm. Isolates of R. zeae produced lesions approximately 12 cm long, while those of AG-4, AG-5, AG-1-IB and AG-K were progressively shorter. On potato dextrose agar (PDA; pH 6.4), the minimum temperature for mycelial growth of R. zeae isolates was 14–18°C, the maximum 38–40°C and optimum 30°C. Isolates of R. zeae did not grow on PDA (28°C) at pH 2.0, the optimum for growth being pH 6.4. 相似文献
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西北地区冬季室内三种常绿植物的光合特性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用Li-6400XT便携式气体交换系统的红蓝光源和液化CO_2钢瓶注入系统,模拟冬季室内较密闭环境下存在较高CO_2浓度且为弱光环境,设置CO_2浓度为600μmol·mol~(-1),并以400μmol·mol~(-1)作为对照组(CK),对绿萝(Scindapsus aureus)、鹅掌柴(Scheffera octophlla(Lour).Harins)和燕子掌(Crassula agenten Thunb.)进行光响应(Pn-PAR)曲线的测定。结果显示:在CO_2浓度600μmol·mol~(-1)下,三种植物的光饱和点(LSP)均比(CK)更早出现,绿萝和鹅掌柴总体的净光合速率(Pn)比(CK)高,燕子掌比(CK)低;绿萝的最大光合速率(Pmax)、光饱和点(LSP)和表观量子效率(YAQ)均最高,分别为5.62±0.145μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)、373.51±24.15μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)和0.041±0.003μmol·μmol~(-1),但暗呼吸速率(Rd)较低(-0.51±0.14μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1));鹅掌柴和绿萝的水分利用率(WUE)和蒸腾速率(Tr),极显著高于燕子掌(P<0.01);绿萝的叶绿素SPAD值最高(70.03±4.18),极显著高于其余两种(P<0.01)。研究表明,绿萝对光照具有最强的利用能力,且能在高CO_2浓度且干旱的环境里健康生长,并能对室内环境起到较强的增湿效应,是西北地区冬季较为理想的室内植物。 相似文献
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Incidence of benomyl and iprodione resistance in isolates of Botrytis cinerea in tomato crops in England and Wales in 1986 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
In 1986, mass-mycelial isolates of Botrytis cinerea from 67 tomato crops in England and Wales were examined for benomyl and iprodione resistance. Of the 706 isolates obtained, 62.7% were resistant to benomyl at 2μg/ml and 43.2% were resistant to iprodione at 2 μg/ml. Iprodione resistance persisted in the absence of a dicarboximide spray programme. The incidence of benomyl resistance has not decreased since the last survey in 1984 in spite of a considerable reduction in the use of benzimidazole fungicides. There were no clear indications that the use of dichlofluanid influenced the incidence of benomyl or iprodione resistance. Disease control was poorer in crops with a higher incidence of iprodione resistance. 相似文献
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A. D. Avgelis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1987,93(4):153-158
During a survey of virus diseases affecting pepper grown in plastic houses in Crete, during 1984–1986, tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were detected. The most common virus was TMV, being present in samples of alle pepper cultivars carrying the L1 resistance gene, while ToMV was isolated only from susceptible pepper cultivars. According to responses ofCapsicum spp. the isolates from 640 samples checked were classified into three pathotypes: P0, P1.2 and P1.2.3. Results of this study show that P1.2 represents at present the major threat to the Cretan pepper industry.Samenvatting Bij een in de jaren 1984–1986 gehouden inventarisatie van virusziekten in paprika in plastic-foliekassen op Kreta werd zowel het tabaksmozaïekvirus (TMV) als het tomatemozaïekvirus (ToMV) aangetoond. TMV kwam zeer algemeen voor: het werd aangetroffen in alle monsters van de paprikarassen met het resistentiegen L1. ToMV werd alleen geïsoleerd uit planten van vatbare paprikarassen. Volgens de waargenomen symptomen die de isolaten van 640 monsters opCapsicum spp. vertoonden, konden de isolaten in drie pathotypen, nl. P1, P1,2 en P1,2,3, worden geklassificeerd. Uit het onderzoek is gebleken dat P1,2 de belangrijkste bedreiging vormt voor de teelt van paprika op Kreta. 相似文献
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A. D. Avgelis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1986,92(4):147-152
Tomatoes grown in plastic houses in Crete have been inspected since 1980 for virus diseases. Plants with virus-like symptoms were checked by sap inoculation to test plants and the isolated viruses were identified by host reaction and serology. The most common viruses were, in order of frequency, tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), potato virus X, tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), potato virus Y and cucumber mosaic virus. The large use of ToMV-resistant cultivars reduces gradually the importance of ToMV while TBSV tends to become a serious problem of tomato in Crete.Samenvatting Van 1980–1984 werden op Kreta de in plasticfolie-kassen geteelde tomaten geïnventariseerd op de aanwezigheid van virussen. Verdachte plante werden door sapinoculatie op toetsplanten onderzocht. De daarbij geïsoleerde virussen werden daarna via de symptomen op de waardplanten en serologisch geïdentificeerd. In volgorde van belangrijkheid werden de volgende virussen het meest aangetroffen: tomatemozaïekvirus, aardappelvirus X, tomatedwerggroeivirus, aardappel Y virus en komkommermozaïekvirus, De laatste jaren is door de toenemende teelt van tomaterassen met resistentie tegen tomatemozaïekvirus het belang van dit virus sterk verminderd, terwijl het tomatedwerggroeivirus een steeds ernstiger probleem lijkt te worden. 相似文献