共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Corticotropin-releasing factor-producing neurons in the rat activated by interleukin-1 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
F Berkenbosch J van Oers A del Rey F Tilders H Besedovsky 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,238(4826):524-526
Intraperitoneal administration of human recombinant interleukin-1 (IL-1) to rats can increase blood levels of corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The route by which IL-1 affects pituitary-adrenal activity is unknown. That the IL-1-induced pituitary-adrenal activation involves an increased secretion of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is indicated by three lines of evidence. First, immunoneutralization of CRF markedly attenuated the IL-1-induced increase of ACTH blood levels. Second, after blockade of fast axonal transport in hypothalamic neurons by colchicine, IL-1 administration decreased the CRF immunostaining in the median eminence, indicating an enhanced release of CRF in response to IL-1. Third, IL-1 did not stimulate ACTH release from primary cultures of anterior pituitary cells. These data further support the notion of the existence of an immunoregulatory feedback circuit between the immune system and the brain. 相似文献
2.
Interleukin-1 stimulates the secretion of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor 总被引：60，自引：0，他引：60
There is now evidence that the immune system, during times of infectious challenge, can stimulate the secretion of glucocorticoids, the adrenal steroids that mediate important aspects of the response to stress. Specifically, secretion of interleukin-1 (IL-1), a monocyte lymphokine secreted after infection, appears at least in part responsible for this effect. Glucocorticoids are secreted in response to a neuroendocrine cascade involving, first, the brain, then the pituitary, and finally the adrenal gland. In this report, human IL-1 is shown to activate the adrenocortical axis at the level of the brain, stimulating the release of the controlling hormone corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) from the hypothalamus. Infusion of IL-1 induced a significant secretion of CRF into the circulation exiting the hypothalamus, whereas immunoneutralization of CRF blocked the stimulatory effect of IL-1 on glucocorticoid secretion. IL-1 appeared to have no acute direct stimulatory effects on the pituitary or adrenal components of this system. Furthermore, IL-1 did not cause a nonspecific release of other hypothalamic hormones. Thus, the lymphokine acts in a specific manner to activate the adrenocortical axis at the level of the brain; this effect appears to be unrelated to the known pyrogenic effects of IL-1 within the hypothalamus. 相似文献
3.
【目的】观察长期添加阿朴酯颗粒剂对昆明小鼠肝脏、肾脏组织结构与功能及其体液免疫水平的影响,系统评价其安全性,为阿朴酯在畜禽生产中的科学应用提供参考依据。【方法】通过急性毒性试验测定阿朴酯颗粒剂对昆明小鼠的半数致死量（LD50）,然后设50% LD50（1.4 g/kg）和80% LD50（2.2 g/kg）作剂量组,以等量生理盐水为空白对照。单次灌胃1.4 g/kg阿朴酯悬浊液后,于灌胃后第4、12、36和60 h及第7和14 d进行眼球采血,用于测定血常规指标;按1.4和2.2 g/kg的剂量分别连续灌胃阿朴酯悬浊液21 d后,分析小鼠体重增重、血清生化指标、尿常规指标及免疫指标的变化情况,并采集小鼠肝脏和肾脏制作石蜡切片进行组织学观察。【结果】阿朴酯颗粒剂对昆明小鼠的LD50为2.74 g/kg,95%置信限为2.69~3.41 g/kg。依据WHO毒性分级标准,阿朴酯颗粒剂属低毒级物质。按1.4 g/kg的剂量单次灌胃阿朴酯悬浊液后,昆明小鼠血液中性粒细胞数量在灌胃后第4 h显著升高（P<0.05,下同）,白细胞总数在灌胃后第12和36 h显著升高,淋巴细胞数量在灌胃后第4和12 h极显著升高（P<0.01,下同）,红细胞总数和平均红细胞血红蛋白含量在灌胃后第36 h显著升高。以2.2 g/kg的剂量连续灌胃阿朴酯悬浊液21 d后,昆明小鼠的体重增重和平均日增重极显著降低,血清中的碱性磷酸酶活性和尿素含量极显著升高、而谷草转移酶活性和肌酐含量极显著降低;尿液中白细胞数量及蛋白、微白蛋白和酮体含量显著上升;肝脏黄染、淤血,肝索与肝窦紊乱不清,肝细胞碎裂溶解,发生肿胀或坏死;肾脏明显肿大、黄染,肾小体破损消亡,髓质部呈弥漫性出血;血清免疫细胞因子IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-10水平显著或极显著升高,而免疫球蛋白IgM和SIgA浓度显著下降。【结论】阿朴酯颗粒剂属低毒级物质,但高剂量使用可快速升高血细胞数量,破坏小鼠肝肾组织结构并引起功能障碍,且对体液免疫有抑制作用。因此,建议在家禽生产中不可超量或长期添加,尤其拌料时需保证均匀,避免误食高剂量阿朴酯而造成肝肾功能损伤。 相似文献
4.
A. G. Shakhov L. Yu. Sashnina Yu. N. Mas’yanov G. A. Vostroilova 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2016,42(3-4):271-274
The results of the study demonstrated the immunosuppression in albino rats under a complex impact of T-2 toxin and Salmonella, manifested by the significant increase of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β content in the blood and a slight increase of IL-4, stimulating the humoral immunity, the decrease of concentration of other anti-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-8), immunoregulatory interleukins IL-2, interferon-γ and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and interferon–γ/IL-4 ratio, indicating an evident T-deficit and a more significant suppression of Th-1 lymphocyte function. 相似文献
5.
Xiuhui Zhong Wanyu Shi Aituan Ma Xiaodan Wang Jianlou Zhang Xuezhong Li 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2007,1(1):96-100
The aim of this study is to investigate the significance of Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in the uterus in the early embryo loss
(or resorption), and to elucidate immunological modulation at the maternal-fetal interface with Chinese herbal medicine Radix scutellariae (Huang Qin) and its constituents (Baicalin and Baicalein). Mifepristone (RU486) was given via subcutaneous injection in the scapular
area to induce abortion in mice at day 7 of gestation. The levels of uterine Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2) and Th2 cytokines
(IL-4, IL-10) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The mean values of Th1 cytokines in
the uterus of RU486-treated abortion mice were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of the control mice, but no significant difference was observed regarding to the contents of Th2 cytokines
of different groups (P > 0.05). However, when the Radix scutellariae and its constituents were used to prevent RU486-induced abortion, the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 decreased while that of IL-4
and IL-10 increased. The embryo loss induced by RU486 was closely related to the Th1/Th2 immune balance at the maternal-fetal
interface. Radix scutellariae and its constituents have an anti-abortive effect through restoring the Th1/Th2 balance at the maternal-fetal interface. 相似文献
6.
Blood-brain barrier: endogenous modulation by adrenal-cortical function 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
The blood-brain barrier restricts the passage of molecules from the blood to the brain. The permeability of the barrier to iodine-125-labeled bovine serum albumin was examined in rats that had undergone adrenalectomy, adrenal demedullation, and corticosterone replacement. Adrenalectomy, but not adrenal demedullation, increased the permeability of brain tissue to the isotopically labeled macromolecule; corticosterone replacement reversed this effect. These results indicate that the blood-brain barrier may be hormonally regulated; that is, the pituitary-adrenal axis may physiologically modulate the permeability of the brain microvasculature to macromolecules. 相似文献
7.
程天印 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,38(1):83-85
为探明山莓叶三萜的免疫调节作用,腹腔注射环磷酰胺诱导大鼠免疫低下.将成模后大鼠分别连续灌服生理盐水和0.25、0.50、1.00 mg/mL山莓叶三萜精提物(以下简称模型对照组(CK2)、低浓度组、中浓度组和高浓度组),每天灌服1次,1 mL/次,连续15d.试验结果:各模型组大鼠的廓清指数和吞噬指数均随山莓叶三萜精提物浓度的升高呈上升趋势,但廓清指数各组间的差异不显著.中浓度组大鼠血清中的白细胞介素-2 (IL-2)含量显著低于CK2,高浓度组的极显著低于CK2.低浓度组大鼠血清中的IL-6含量低于CK2,但二者差异不显著;中浓度组和高浓度组均极显著低于低浓度组和CK2,高浓度组极显著低于除中浓度组外的其他模型组.结果表明,山莓叶三萜具有一定的免疫调节作用(山莓叶三萜提取物能提高大鼠巨噬细胞的吞噬能力;对大鼠IL-2、IL-6分泌具有抑制作用). 相似文献
8.
Yu. N. Brigadirov V. N. Kotsarev I. T. Shaposhnikov I. V. Volkova A. E. Lobanov Yu. O. Falkova 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2018,44(4):365-368
The cytokine levels in the blood of sows during the gestation and lactation periods have been defined in an experiment with 20 healthy animals that were at risk of progressive inflammatory processes in the reproductive organs. The sows were divided into two groups of ten each. Significant differences between the levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the sows exposed to the inflammatory risk factors when compared with that in the control animals were revealed. The cytokine profiles in sows during early gestation and in the second half of pregnancy were characterized by the predominance of producing IL-1α and IL-4 and the reduction in producing IFN-γ. In late pregnancy, the increased syntheses of IL-1α, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ were observed. With respect to the third to fourth day of lactation, the cytokine stimulated the IL-1α, IL-4, and IFN-γ production. Before weaning the piglets, the production of IL-1α, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ was enhanced. The ascertained values for the cytokine levels are recommended to be used for risk predicting and diagnosing the inflammatory disease processes in the reproductive organs. 相似文献
9.
地龙注射液免疫活性的体外研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
[目的]探讨地龙注射液的免疫调节活性及其作用机理。[方法]通过地龙注射液体外培养刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞,采用MTT法和双抗夹心ELISA法测定地龙注射液对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖及分泌细胞因子IL-2的影响。[结果]地龙注射液能显著地直接或协同ConA或LPS刺激脾淋巴细胞增殖,也能极显著地增加IL-2的分泌量。[结论]该研究表明地龙注射液具有较明显的免疫调节活性。 相似文献
10.
Gene for T-cell growth factor: location on human chromosome 4q and feline chromosome B1 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
L J Seigel M E Harper F Wong-Staal R C Gallo W G Nash S J O'Brien 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,223(4632):175-178
T-cell growth factor (TCGF) or interleukin-2 (IL-2), an immunoregulatory lymphokine, is produced by lectin- or antigen-activated mature T lymphocytes and in a constitutive manner by certain T-cell lymphoma cell lines. By means of a molecular clone of human TCGF and DNA extracted from a panel of somatic cell hybrids (rodent cells X normal human lymphocytes), the TCGF structural gene was identified on human chromosome 4. In situ hybridization of the TCGF clone to human chromosomes resulted in significant labeling of the midportion of the long arm of chromosome 4, indicating that the TCGF gene was located at band q26-28. Genomic DNA from a panel of hybrids prepared with HUT-102 B2 cells was examined with the same molecular clone. In this clone of cells, which produces human T-cell leukemia virus, the TCGF gene was also located on chromosome 4 and was apparently not rearranged. The homologous TCGF locus in the domestic cat was assigned to chromosome B1 by using a somatic cell hybrid panel that segregates cat chromosomes. Linkage studies as well as high-resolution G-trypsin banding indicate that this feline chromosome is partially homologous to human chromosome 4. 相似文献
11.
The thymus-adrenal connection: thymosin has corticotropin-releasing activity in primates 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
D L Healy G D Hodgen H M Schulte G P Chrousos D L Loriaux N R Hall A L Goldstein 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,222(4630):1353-1355
Endotoxin-free thymosin fraction 5 elevated corticotropin, beta-endorphin, and cortisol in a dose- and time-dependent fashion when administered intravenously to prepubertal cynomolgus monkeys. Two synthetic component peptides of thymosin fraction 5 had no acute effects on pituitary function, suggesting that some other peptides in thymosin fraction 5 were responsible for its corticotropin-releasing activity. In agreement with these observations, total thymectomy of juvenile macaques was associated with decreases in plasma cortisol, corticotropin, and beta-endorphin. These findings indicate that the prepubertal primate thymus contains corticotropin-releasing activity that may contribute to a physiological immunoregulatory circuit between the developing immunological and pituitary-adrenal systems. 相似文献
12.
为观察金丝桃素对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能和抗氧化能力的影响,给小鼠皮下注射地塞米松(Dex)1.25 mg.kg-1,建立免疫抑制模型,分别以600和300mg·kg-1两个剂量的金丝桃素混悬液(含金丝桃素分别为3.6 mg· kg-1和7.2 mg· kg-1)对小鼠灌胃,测定胸腺指数和脾脏指数、丙二醛(MDA)、H2O2、NO以及对自由基产生和清除相关的6种酶活性.结果表明,高剂量金丝桃素能显著提高免疫抑制小鼠的脾脏指数(P＜0.05);高低剂量金丝桃素均能极显著降低免疫抑制小鼠的MDA、NO和黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)浓度(P＜0.01),极显著提高免疫抑制小鼠的总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、总抗氧化力(T-AOC)、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和过氧化物酶(POD)浓度(P＜0.01),对H2O2的水平没有影响.说明,金丝桃素通过提高脾脏指数,降低过氧化物产物MDA和NO水平,改变机体内对自由基产生和清除相关酶活性来影响体内自由基的产生和清除,使机体免疫器官免受损伤,以拮抗Dex所致的免疫抑制,增强机体的免疫功能. 相似文献
13.
蜂胶抗衰老机理初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨蜂胶对高龄小鼠抗衰老机理。以自然衰老小鼠为模型,分别用20,33,80 mg/kg剂量的蜂胶给小鼠灌胃24 d,MTT法观察脾脏淋巴细胞增殖;乳酸脱氢酶法(LDH)观察脾脏NK细胞及腹腔MΦ细胞对YAC-1的杀伤活性;胸腺细胞增殖法观察脾脏淋巴细胞IL-2及腹腔MΦ细胞IL-1的活性水平;采用化学比色法观察小鼠脑组织丙二醛(MDA)的含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力。试验结果表明,不同剂量蜂胶均可以提高小鼠抗氧化及免疫功能,其中中剂量蜂胶(33 mg/kg)明显提高小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞增殖(P<0.01)和NK细胞、Mφ细胞杀靶活性(P<0.01);同时,IL-1和IL-2产生也明显增加(P<0.01);丙二醛(MDA)的含量降低(P<0.01);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力显著增加(P<0.01)。适量剂量蜂胶具有明显提高高龄小鼠抗氧化及机体免疫功能的作用。 相似文献
14.
运输应激对猪免疫机能的影响及其细胞因子的调控 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
【目的】探讨不同时间运输应激对猪免疫机能的影响及其相关细胞因子的调控作用。【方法】将不同运输时间的猪血清稀释后单独或与植物血凝素A（PHA）和脂多糖（LPS）混合后分别刺激正常猪外周血淋巴细胞,用噻唑蓝（MTT）比色分析法分别检测淋巴细胞增殖指数;另用ELISA方法检测试验猪血清中IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10及TNF-a含量的动态变化;分析淋巴细胞增殖指数的变化与各种细胞因子之间的相关性。【结果】经1 h、2 h、4 h的运输应激后,1﹕32稀释的受试猪血清对T、B淋巴细胞转化能力均有影响,都是先升高,并以1 h运输猪血清的刺激能力最强(P＜0.05),随后开始下降,到4 h时降到最低。血清IL-2、IL-6、IL-10的含量变化均是在运输后1 h时达到最高,随后开始下降并在4 h时降到最低。其中IL-6、IL-10在4 h时和对照组相比呈极显著的下降（P＜0.01）,IL-24 h和1 h相比也呈现显著性下降(P＜0.05）,IL-1β、IL-4及TNF-a等3种细胞因子含量运输前后和运输过程中均没有显著性的变化。【结论】运输应激可引起猪免疫机能的变化,且对免疫机能的影响存在时效性;相关性分析表明,血清中IL-6的水平有望成为一种重要的猪应激性免疫机能变化的判定指标。 相似文献
15.
目的：观察小鼠鼻腔接种伤寒杆菌的Fe—SOD后血液和粘膜系统的抗体应答。方法：用IL-1作为佐剂,将伤寒杆菌的Fe—SOD经鼻腔接种小鼠,检测小鼠血液及肠液中的抗体应答。结果：当用IL-1作为佐剂时,经鼻腔接种伤寒杆菌Fe—SOD的小鼠血液和肠液中可产生高水平特异性IgG和IgA类抗体;而腹腔注射仅在血液中产生高水平特异性IgG抗体。结论：用IL-1作为佐剂,伤寒杆菌Fe—SOD经鼻腔接种后可引起小鼠粘膜系统和血液中的抗体应答。 相似文献
16.
Rickert M Wang X Boulanger MJ Goriatcheva N Garcia KC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5727):1477-1480
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that binds sequentially to the alpha (IL-2Ralpha), beta (IL-2Rbeta), and common gamma chain (gammac) receptor subunits. Here we present the 2.8 angstrom crystal structure of a complex between human IL-2 and IL-2Ralpha, which interact in a docking mode distinct from that of other cytokine receptor complexes. IL-2Ralpha is composed of strand-swapped "sushi-like" domains, unlike the classical cytokine receptor fold. As a result of this domain swap, IL-2Ralpha uses a composite surface to dock into a groove on IL-2 that also serves as a binding site for antagonist drugs. With this complex, we now have representative structures for each class of hematopoietic cytokine receptor-docking modules. 相似文献
17.
猪IL-15与PRRS病毒GP5基因核酸疫苗免疫效力 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
通过分子克隆技术构建了表达猪白细胞介素(IL)-15及猪繁殖呼吸综合症(PRRSV)病毒GP5基因重组核酸疫苗。以小鼠为试验模型,利用猪IL-15作为分子佐剂并检测其对表达PRRS病毒GP5基因核酸疫苗的免疫增强作用。结果表明,猪IL-15与GP5试验组小鼠抗体水平和T淋巴细胞亚群数量均高于PBS对照组及GP5基因单独免疫组,表明猪IL-15对核酸疫苗可有效增强PRRS病毒GP5基因的免疫效果,证实了其佐剂效应。 相似文献
18.
[目的]研究鹅绒委陵菜多糖(PAP)对荷瘤小鼠外周血细胞因子白介素-2(TL-2)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的影响。[方法]建立肉瘤S180小鼠动物模型,灌胃给予50、100和200 mg/kg剂量的PAP,以抑瘤率为指标,考察鹅绒委陵菜多糖的体内抗肿瘤活性,测定其抑瘤率;ELISA法测定荷瘤小鼠血清中白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TN-α)的水平。[结果]低、中、高3个剂量的PAP对S180荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率分别为46.41%、52.29%和59.48%;其中CY和低剂量的多糖组合抑瘤率与中、高剂量的多糖抑瘤率相当,并明显高于单用环磷酰胺组的抑瘤率;低、中、高3个剂量的PAP能明显提高荷瘤小鼠血清中IL-2、TNF-α的水平。[结论]鹅绒委陵菜多糖具有提高荷瘤小鼠细胞免疫的作用。 相似文献
19.
【目的】以小白鼠为实验动物模型、玉米秸秆为发酵床垫料,探讨发酵床垫料中的微生物对小鼠机体免疫功能的影响。【方法】将小鼠随机分为4组,第1—3组小鼠分别置于用不同微生物配方发酵的玉米秸秆垫料中饲养,第4组作为对照组,放入未发酵的垫料中饲喂。期间检测小鼠血清中的抗体效价、IL-4和IFN-γ的含量,血液中白细胞总数、淋巴细胞数量、红细胞总数及小鼠盲肠内乳酸菌数量,抗疲劳游泳时间等指标。【结果】发酵垫料组微生物能显著提高小鼠抗体效价和血液中红细胞数量、血红蛋白浓度及盲肠乳酸菌数量（P＜0.05）;可增加血清中IFN-γ、IL-4含量和血液中白细胞总数、淋巴细胞数量,差异不显著（P＞0.05）;抗疲劳试验结果表明,发酵垫料微生物能显著延长小鼠的游泳时间（P＜0.05）。【结论】玉米秸秆发酵垫料微生物可显著提高动物体的免疫功能及健康状况。 相似文献
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目的 建造BALB/c小鼠背部银屑病样模型,探讨中成药银屑平丸治疗银屑病的可能作用机制。方法 选取48只BALB/c小鼠,随机分为空白组、模型对照组、雷公藤组、银屑平丸高、中、低剂量组,8只/组。给予除空白组外其余小鼠背部皮肤外涂咪喹莫特软膏连续8 d,1次/d,建立模型小鼠。末次给药后,观察小鼠背部皮肤进行皮损面积和严重程度指数（psoriasis area and serenty index,PASI）评分;检测血清中IL-17、IL-23水平;取背部皮肤组织进行组织病理比较。结果（1）银屑平丸各组和雷公藤组对银屑病样小鼠背部皮肤PASI评分比较无明显的差异（P>0.05）,而较模型对照组和空白组评分均有明显的差异（P<0.05）。（2）各组银屑病样小鼠外周血IL-17和IL-23含量明显高于空白组（P>0.05）。而银屑平丸各组和雷公藤组均与模型对照组外周血中含量有明显的差异（P<0.05）。（3）银屑平丸各组和雷公藤组对银屑病样小鼠背部皮肤组织病理变化较模型对照组和空白组有明显差异（P<0.05）。结论 银屑平丸改善银屑病模型小鼠的作用机制可能通过抑制IL-17、IL-23,起到减轻小鼠银屑病样皮损的发生、发展的作用。 相似文献