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两歧双歧杆菌体外抑制断奶仔猪肠道病原菌的研究及其机理探讨 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
为探明两歧双歧杆菌对仔猪肠道病原菌的抑菌机理,通过两歧双歧杆菌与大肠杆菌K88、猪霍乱沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌分别进行6、12、24、48h共培养,判断抑菌效果并研究其抑菌机理。结果表明,两歧双歧杆菌在体外对仔猪肠道3种病原菌的生长均有显著的抑制作用,而病原菌并不影响两歧双歧杆菌的生长。通过原子力显微镜照片可见,两歧双歧杆菌不能与致病菌大肠杆菌K88、猪霍乱沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌发生共凝集现象。 相似文献
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研究嗜酸乳杆菌、禽大肠杆菌O78、大肠杆菌ATCC 25922、鸡白痢沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌与肉鸡不同肠段粘液糖蛋白的粘附性能,探讨嗜酸乳杆菌对四种病原菌的粘附排斥作用.结果表明,在不同的肠道部位,嗜酸乳杆菌、鸡白痢沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌与肠粘液糖蛋白的粘附能力不同,而禽大肠杆菌O78、大肠杆菌ATCC 25922在各肠段粘液上的粘附性能相近;在相同的肠道部位,所试菌与肠粘液糖蛋白的粘附能力有差异,其中嗜酸乳杆菌的粘附作用最强;嗜酸乳杆菌对所试病原菌均有不同程度的粘附排斥作用,其中对鸡白痢沙门氏菌的粘附排斥较强,而对大肠杆菌ATCC25922的则较弱. 相似文献
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为研究干酪乳杆菌(L.casei)对人结肠癌Caco-2细胞的粘附特点及抑制产肠毒素大肠杆菌K88(ETEC K88)粘附Caco-2细胞的能力,本研究将不同浓度的L.casei和ETEC K88与分化完全的Caco-2细胞共培养2 h和4 h后,采用平板计数法和革兰染色法计算每个细胞上粘附菌的个数,评价L.casei的粘附特点及其抑制ETEC K88对Caco-2细胞的粘附能力,并分析其影响因素。结果表明,L.casei与ETEC K88均可以粘附至Caco-2细胞表面,并且随菌液浓度的升高和培养时间的延长,粘附的数量显著增加(p0.05)。L.casei浓度越高,抑制ETEC K88粘附至细胞表面的能力越强,并与菌液添加顺序有关,但培养时间对其影响不显著(p0.05)。本研究为L.casei抑菌作用机制的研究提供了实验依据。 相似文献
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为研究嗜酸乳杆菌细胞壁提取物对致病性大肠杆菌(E.coli)粘附鸡肠纹状缘膜的影响,本实验以雏鸡小肠纹状缘膜为模型,以嗜酸乳杆菌和鸡致病性E.coli O78为研究对象,提取嗜酸乳杆菌表层蛋白、肽聚糖及E.coli O78菌毛,雏鸡小肠纹状缘膜,采用固相粘附试验和生物素标记法从分子间相互作用的关系评价了嗜酸乳杆菌细胞壁提取物对菌毛粘附的抑制作用,结果表明:表层蛋白和肽聚糖对菌毛粘附具有明显的抑制作用,呈浓度依赖性抑制菌毛与纹状缘膜的结合,具有竞争性拮抗作用,这主要是由空间占位造成的。肽聚糖的抑制作用相对较小。 相似文献
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以Caco-2细胞作为体外模型研究芽孢杆菌对细胞黏附、细胞存活率及细胞膜完整性的影响.采用荧光标记法探究芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌K88和猪霍乱沙门菌对Caco-2细胞的黏附特性,并通过排斥、竞争和置换试验测定其对病原菌黏附的阻断作用.采用台盼蓝染色法测定Caco-2细胞存活率和细胞培养上清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性来反映细胞膜的完整性.结果表明:芽孢杆菌对Caco-2细胞的黏附率均低于病原菌、且对病原菌的黏附无阻断作用,大部分芽孢杆菌不会影响细胞存活率及细胞膜的完整性,对细胞无毒. 相似文献
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《动物营养学报》2021,33(9)
本试验旨在评价嗜酸乳杆菌抗氧化活性及其对小鼠单核巨噬细胞(RAW 264.7细胞)氧化应激的影响。制备嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液、完整细胞和胞内提取物,比较其对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)、羟自由基和亚油酸的清除能力。筛选抗氧化能力较强的嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液,设置4个剂量(5、25、50和125μL)分别作用于RAW 264.7细胞,对照组加入1 mL完全培养液,检测RAW 264.7细胞中一氧化氮(NO)含量、活性氧(ROS)水平以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性,并进一步探究其对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的RAW 264.7细胞氧化应激的保护作用。结果表明:1)嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液的DPPH、羟自由基和亚油酸清除率均显著高于嗜酸乳杆菌培养物完整细胞和胞内提取物(P0.05)。2)将嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液作用于正常RAW 264.7细胞,与对照组相比,25、50和125μL嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液显著提高了RAW 264.7细胞的细胞活力(P0.05),125μL嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液显著提高了RAW 264.7细胞中NO含量(P0.05),25和50μL嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液显著提高了RAW 264.7细胞中SOD活性(P0.05),125μL嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液显著降低了RAW 264.7细胞中GSH-Px活性(P0.05)。3)将嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液作用于LPS诱导的RAW 264.7细胞,与LPS组相比,25、125μL嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液显著降低了LPS诱导的RAW 264.7细胞中NO含量(P0.05),25μL嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液显著提高了LPS诱导的RAW 264.7细胞中SOD和GSH-Px活性(P0.05)。综上所述,嗜酸乳杆菌培养物各组分均具有DPPH、羟自由基和亚油酸清除能力,作为其中抗氧化活性较好的嗜酸乳杆菌培养物上清液可调节LPS诱导引起的RAW 264.7细胞氧化应激。 相似文献
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为探究饲料中嗜酸乳杆菌对肉鸡生产的效果,试验选取11日龄健康的黄羽肉鸡200羽,随机分为5组。分别为对照组(饲喂基础日粮),试验1、2、3、4组在基础日粮中分别添加5、10、15g/kg的嗜酸乳杆菌和150mg/kg的抗菌肽。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,嗜酸乳杆菌组显著提高了肉鸡的日增重与采食量(P<0.05);但与抗菌肽组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)添加嗜酸乳杆菌15g/kg时,试验组中盲肠段内的双歧杆菌数量显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,4个试验组中的盲肠、回肠乳酸杆菌与双歧杆菌均有所提高,但只有试验3、4组呈现显著性差异(P<0.05),除此之外,各分组中回肠大肠杆菌数量无明显差异(P>0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,饲料中添加不同嗜酸乳杆菌能明显提高肉鸡生长性能和饲料利用率,增加经济效益。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2015,(6)
为了评价S层蛋白在嗜酸乳杆菌抗病毒作用中参与抗病毒的程度,本试验进行了嗜酸乳杆菌不同成分抗NDV感染IEC(Primary intestinal epithelial cells of chick embryo鸡胚肠上皮原代细胞)作用研究,设计3组试验:1预防试验、2治疗试验、3混合感作试验。结果显示,S层蛋白对病毒抑制性最强,菌体其次,脱S层蛋白菌体次之,代谢产物抑制病毒率最低。为了进一步研究S层蛋白与病毒之间的作用关系,用间接ELISA方法检测病毒与S层蛋白的粘附性,评价了牛血清白蛋白有无病毒抑制性,方法同S层蛋白的病毒抑制试验。试验结果显示,S层蛋白与白蛋白都能粘附NDV,但是只有S蛋白对病毒具有显著的抑制性,白蛋白抑制病毒性质并不明显。 相似文献
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The behaviour and personality of 102 pet rabbits and their interactions with their owners were assessed in their home environment. Information was obtained by interviews with the owner and by direct observation, and the owners were asked to describe the personality of their rabbit. A 10-minute assessment of the rabbit's behaviour in its normal environment was then carried out. Owners who were confident in handling their rabbit handled them more frequently and rabbits that were handled more frequently struggled less when they were being handled. Rabbits observed with a companion spent the largest proportion of their time engaged in social behaviour, and rabbits observed out of a hutch spent significantly more time grazing, hopping and playing. Owners used a wide range of adjectives to describe their rabbits' personalities with the most common term being ;friendly'. 相似文献
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de Graaf G 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2005,130(21):654-659
Veterinarians have obligations towards both the animals they treat and their clients, the owners of the animals. Veterinarians have complicated, and often conflicting, relationships with both groups. In this article, Q-methodology was used as a method for discourse analysis to determine how Dutch large animal practitioners conceptualize animals and their owners and their professional responsibilities towards both. The article focuses on four different perspectives that Dutch veterinarians have of their animal patients and their owners, and of their professional duties and responsibilities. 相似文献
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Cordes DO 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1982,30(4):46-49
Thirty-eight species of small cetaceans termed "dolphins" and "porpoises" are listed. This review is a contribution to the growing community and veterinary interest in the welfare and diseases of these animals. 相似文献
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In Trinidad, Tilapia (Oreonchromis spp.) is one of the most important fresh water food fish and the number of farms has been increasing annually. A study was conducted in the local tilapia industry to determine the microbial quality of pond water, prevalence of bacterial pathogens and their anti-microbial resistance using the disk diffusion method. Seventy-five apparently healthy fish and 15 pond water samples from three of the four commercial tilapia fish farms in the country were processed. The 202 bacterial isolates recovered from fish slurry and 88 from water, belonged to 13 and 16 genera respectively. The predominant bacteria from fish slurry were Pseudomonas spp. (60.0%), Aeromonas spp. (44.0%), Plesiomonas (41.3%) and Chromobacterium (36.0%) (P < 0.05; chi(2)) compared with isolates from pond water where Bacillus spp. (80.0%), Staphylococcus spp., Alcaligenes spp. and Aeromonas spp. (60.0%) were most prevalent (P < 0.05; chi(2)). Using eight anti-microbial agents, to test bacteria from five genera (Aeromonas, Chromobacterium, Enterobacter, Plesiomonas and Pseudomonas), 168 (97.1%) of 173 bacterial isolates from fish slurry exhibited resistance to one or more anti-microbial agents compared with 47 (90.4%) of 52 from water (P > 0.05; chi(2)). Resistance was high to ampicillin, 90.2% (158 of 173), erythromycin, 66.5% (115 of 173) and oxytetracycline, 52.6%, (91 of 173) but relatively low to chloramphenicol, 9.8% (17 of 173) and sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, 6.4% (11 of 173) (P < 0.05; chi(2)). For pond water isolates, the frequency of resistance across bacterial genera ranged from 75% (nine of 12) for Chromobacter spp. to 100% found amongst Enterobacter spp. (six of six), Plesiomonas spp. (nine of nine) and Pseudomonas spp. (eight of eight) (P < 0.05; chi(2)). Resistance was generally high to ampicillin, 78.8% (41 of 52), erythromycin, 51.9% (27 of 52) and oxytetracycline, 34.5% (18 of 52) but low to sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim, 7.7% (four of 52) and norfloxacin, 3.8% (two of 52) (P < 0.05; chi(2)). It was concluded that the rather high prevalence of bacterial pathogens in tilapia along with their high prevalence of resistance to anti-microbial agents might pose therapeutic problems as well as health risk to consumers. The microbial presence and their anti-microbial resistance in the tilapia industry are being reported for the first time in the country. 相似文献
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S. L. Hole 《Equine Veterinary Education》2016,28(6):344-351
The equine first premolar or ‘wolf tooth’ (Triadan 05) is a normal vestigial tooth, which is often absent, but when present most commonly lies rostral to the second maxillary premolar (Triadan 06). The routine extraction of wolf teeth has been performed historically and is contentious, but clinically indicated in some instances. This review article aims to summarise concisely the limited peer reviewed literature on wolf teeth and to describe the practice of their extraction. Extraction is usually performed in the standing sedated horse, and complications are avoided with good surgical planning, analgesia and instrumentation. 相似文献