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The pathogenicity of Microdochium nivale var. majus and var. nivale was tested on wheat, rye and oat seedlings using both visual disease scoring and quantitative PCR measurements. In an individual inoculation trial at 10°C var. majus and var. nivale were strongly pathogenic towards wheat and rye, with var. nivale causing slightly greater disease in rye. At this temperature only var. nivale caused significant disease of oats. In a further experiment M. nivale was inoculated as a series of mixtures of the two varieties and incubated at 15°C. The ratio of the varieties present in the inoculum and present at harvest was analysed by quantitative PCR and this enabled a coefficient of selection to be calculated for the varieties on each host. M. nivale var. majus showed a weak selective advantage over var. nivale on wheat (0.33 ± 0.08) and oat seedlings (0.35 ± 0.016) and M. nivale var. nivale showed a strong selective advantage over var. majus on rye seedlings (0.92 ± 0.26). The isolates were also compared for sensitivity to benzoxazolinone (BOA), a hydroxamic acid compound derived from rye leaves. M. nivale var majus was found to be significantly more sensitive to BOA than M. nivale var. nivale , indicating a possible mechanism for the selective advantage of var. nivale growing on rye. This is the first substantiated indication of a significant difference in host preference between Microdochium nivale var. majus and var. nivale . 相似文献
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中国香瓜与菜瓜地方品种资源白粉病抗性评价 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
春秋2个季节在温室利用风媒接种方法对搜集的102份香瓜和14份菜瓜种质资源进行了白粉病抗性评价,结果鉴定出7份香瓜和1份菜瓜高抗白粉病,其病情指数为零,1份菜瓜抗病,其病情指数0.9,表明我国香瓜和菜瓜地方品种资源中蕴涵着潜在的改良甜瓜白粉病抗性的基因资源。 相似文献
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基于MAXENT的大豆南北方茎溃疡病菌在中国适生区的预测 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用MAXENT生态位模型和GIS系统,对大豆南北方茎溃疡病菌在我国的适生区进行预测.模型分析结果表明,这两种病菌在我国的潜在适生区域广泛.大豆北方茎溃疡病菌除了我国的宁夏、海南省外,其它省市均有该菌的适生分布区,其中适生等级高的地区主要在江苏、安徽、浙江、上海、江西和湖北6省.大豆南方茎溃疡病菌除了宁夏、青海、西藏外,我国的其它地区均为该菌的潜在适生区域,其中适生等级高的地区主要集中在江西、上海、江苏、安徽、浙江、河南以及陕西南部、四川东部和重庆的部分地区. 相似文献
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The technique of TaqMan MGB real-time fluorescent PCR was established to detect Diaporthe phaseolorum var.caulivora (DPC) and D. phaseolorum var.meridionalis (DPM). The primers and TaqMan MGB probes were designed based on the ITS of DPC, DPM, D. phaseolorum var. sojae and Phomopsis longicolla. A series of genomic DNA dilution were used to detect sensitivity of the technique, the results showed that the limits of detection for DPM and DPC were 7 fg/μL and 6 fg/μL DNA respectively. 相似文献
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烟草黑胫病菌培养特性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了云南烟草黑胫病菌在不同培养基、不同温度的生长情况及不同菌龄与不同诱导时间孢子囊的产生数量。结果表明,菌株在8种供试培养基中,以燕麦培养基和选择性培养基上菌落生长最好,其次为胡萝卜培养基,在番茄汁和马铃薯培养基上生长最差。同一菌株在不同培养基上产孢量不同、产生的孢子囊大小亦有所不同。05P226菌株在玉米培养基上产孢量最高;05P55菌株在燕麦培养基上产孢量最高,在番茄汁培养基上产生的孢子囊最大,而05P62菌株在燕麦培养基上产孢量最高,在烟叶汁培养基上产生的孢子囊最大。在30℃菌丝生长速率最高,其次为28℃,以35℃生长最差。供试3个菌株间生长差异显著,以05P226生长最好,05P55菌株次之,05P62生长最差。05P226、05P55菌株皆以培养14d、诱导72h产孢量最高,最适宜试验中产孢培养。 相似文献
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A Pohto 《EPPO Bulletin》1999,29(1-2):159-162
A survey for the possible occurrence of red-core disease ( Phytophthora fragariae var. fragariae ) was carried out on 250 strawberry production sites in Finland. The fields were inspected visually. A total of 1080 samples of strawberry roots were taken in spring and autumn 1995 and examined visually, microscopically and by isolation in the laboratory. Root-tip bait-plant tests were performed in the glasshouse to look for the latent presence of the fungus. No red-core disease was detected in any of the inspected fields or in the examined samples. 相似文献
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The strawberry red core disease caused by Phytophthora fragariae var. fragariae has until recently not been reported from Norway. During 1995 and 1996, samples from 323 Norwegian strawberry fields were tested in a root-tip bait test for possible detection of red core. Symptoms of the disease developed in test plants cultivated in growth medium containing root tips from 21 fields at eight locations in four different counties. Disease symptoms included wilting of plants, root rot, red steles in the roots, and oogonia and oospores identical in size and appearance to those of P.f. fragariae developing along the root steles. In V8 juice agar, the mycelium was slow-growing, thick, fluffy and aerial. Sporangia were large, mainly inversely pyriform, and without papillae. Optimum temperature for mycelial growth was 21°C, and the fungus ceased to grow at 25°C. In infested fields, the most severe attacks were found in low, often poorly drained areas. The means by which red core may have been introduced and spread in the country are discussed, together with preventive action to avoid further dissemination. 相似文献
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为确定四川省蓬溪县九叶青花椒种植区发病植株花椒根结线虫的种类, 进而为九叶青花椒根结线虫病防治提供依据, 本文根据根结线虫雌虫与2龄幼虫的形态特征及雌成虫的会阴花纹、雌虫酯酶同工酶图谱, 并结合特异性扩增及rDNA-ITS扩增, 根据ITS序列构建系统发育树, 对该地区九叶青花椒根结线虫病的病原进行了种类鉴定。结果表明该病原为南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita (Kofold & White) Chitwood。这是我国首次在九叶青花椒上发现南方根结线虫。 相似文献
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箭杆杨林地蒸散的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文运用１９９２－１９９４年新疆莫索湾沙漠站的试验资料，分析了箭杆杨林地蒸散与气象因子之间的关系，并且依据Ｐｅｎｍａｎ的可能蒸散与相对有效土壤湿度建立了箭杆杨林地蒸散量估算模型。 相似文献
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A serious leaf spot and stem canker observed on Hibiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa is reported for the first time from Trinidad and Tobago. Symptoms are described and the pathogen is identified as Coniella musaiaensis Sutton var. hibisci . 相似文献
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Eighteen isolates of the rust fungus Melampsora from different locations in England were tested for pathogenicity to a large range of willow clones ( Salix spp.) in experiments involving inoculation of leaf discs. Seventeen of the isolates were of leaf-infecting M. epitea var. epitea , 16 of which represented forms which alternated on Larix and one of which alternated on Ribes . The remaining isolate was of uncertain identity. Two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, 24 willow clones consisting of 20 Salix species and interspecific hybrids were inoculated with eight isolates from clones of S. viminalis . In the other experiment, 77 clones from 57 species or hybrids were inoculated with 10 isolates from several Salix spp. The M. epitea var. epitea isolates from S. viminalis clones were all similarly pathogenic, whilst most of the other isolates expressed distinct host specificity. Eight distinct pathotypes were recognized within M. epitea var. epitea . All except one of these alternated on Larix and could be assigned to three formae speciales which had been reported previously in Europe: four pathotypes to f.sp. larici-epitea typica , two to f.sp. larici-retusae , and one to f.sp. larici-daphnoides . The Ribes -alternating pathotype of M. epitea var. epitea infected only S. purpurea . Nine differential willow hosts are proposed as reference clones to distinguish between the larch-alternating pathotypes, the Ribes -alternating rust and the 'stem-infecting' form. The extent of pathogenic variation encountered amongst sexually reproducing rusts suggests that more pathotypes probably exist and will arise in future in response to selection given by long-term clonal willow plantings. 相似文献
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Keith Chamberlain Michael M. Burrell Dennis N. Butcher Jean C. White 《Pest management science》1984,15(1):1-8
Whole plants of Ricinus communis var. Gibsonii were used to study the mobility of some xenobiotics in the phloem. Solutions of 14C- or 35S-labelled test compounds were introduced directly into the hollow petiole of a leaf that was exporting assimilates. Translocation was monitored by collecting phloem exudate from an incision in the stem bark beneath the treated leaf. Using [3H]sucrose as an internal standard, qualitative and quantitative results were obtained for a variety of model compounds, including herbicides, fungicides and a nematicide. 相似文献
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R. E. Niks 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1989,95(3):171-175
The yellow rust fungusPuccinia striiformis var.dactylidis of cocksfoot differs clearly in the morphology of infection structures from both the nominate form, var.striiformis of wheat, barley andElymus and var.striiformis f. sp.poae affectingPoa pratensis. The observations are in accordance with the idea that var.dactylidis and var.striiformis f.sp.poae are two distinct not closely related taxa withinP. striiformis.Samenvatting In de morfologie van de infectiestructuren verschilt de gele-roestschimmelPuccinia striiformis var.dactylidis van kropaar duidelijk van zowel de nominaatvorm, var.striiformis van tarwe, gerst en kweekgras, als van var.striiformis f.sp.poae die beemdgrassen aantast. De waarnemingen steunen de opvatting dat var.dactylidis en var.striiformis f.sp.poae twee onderscheiden en niet nauwverwante taxa zijn binnenP. striiformis. 相似文献