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1.
Phosphorylase kinase of the liver: deficiency in a girl with increased hepatic glycogen 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Studies of a child with glycogenosis revealed an increased concentration of glycogen and low phosphorylase activity in her liver. Using mixtures of homogenates of the patient's liver and of normal liver, we found the low phosphorylase activity to be caused by a deficiency of phosphorylase kinase and not of hepatic phosphorylase. The fact that phosphorylase activity was restored to normal values by the addition of phosphorylase b kinase from rabbit muscle substantiates this conclusion. 相似文献
2.
Injection of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid into spayed rats or its use in phosphorylase extraction increases the activity of glycogen-phosphorylase a in uterine smooth muscle tissue. Since the total phosphorylase activity is not increased, the increase in phosphorylase a appears to result from a conversion of inactive phosphorylase b to the active form of the enzyme. 相似文献
3.
周复根 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,11(3):295-298
用含有糖原的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶亲和电泳技术,显示悬浮培养的Syca—more(Acer pseudoplatanus L.)细胞淀粉体含有亲和力低的磷酸化酶类型(质粒类型)。蛋白质印迹法试验表明,这种磷酸化酶与马铃薯磷酸化酶的抗体发生交叉反应。这与前人报道的菠菜叶绿体和马铃薯的磷酸化酶相似,属于同一类型的磷酸化酶。 相似文献
4.
以红花大金元和K326烤烟品种的中部叶为材料,研究了烘烤过程中及不同烘烤环境下淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性的变化规律。结果表明:烘烤过程中烟叶淀粉酶活性出现2次高峰,分别在烘烤的36和72h;在鲜烟叶中淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,随着烘烤过程的推进,至24h达第1次高峰,之后降低,48h时出现低谷,随后又于72h达第2次高峰。在整个烘烤过程中,采用低温低湿变黄,慢速升温定色的烘烤环境,烟叶内淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,有利于烟叶淀粉的降解。 相似文献
5.
Histochemical phosphorylase activity in regenerating muscle fibers from myophosphorylase-deficient patients 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Fresh frozen sections of mature skeletal muscle fibers from patients with genetically determined "absence" of skeletal muscle phosphorylase (McArdle's disease) have no histochemical phosphorylase activity. That regenerating muscle fibers, in vitro and in vivo, from such patients do have histochemical phosphorylase activity present suggests a loss of enzyme activity with fiber maturity. 相似文献
6.
Adenosine monophosphate is required for the activation of glycogen phosphorylase b and for release of the inhibition of phosphorylase a by glucose. Two molecules of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) bind to symmetry related sites at the subunit interface of the phosphorylase dimer. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binds to the same site, but does not promote catalytic activity. The structure of glucose-inhibited phosphorylase a bound to AMP and also of the complex formed with glucose and ATP is described. Crystallographic refinement of these complexes reveals that structural changes are associated with AMP but not ATP binding. The origin of these effects can be traced to different effector binding modes exhibited by AMP and ATP, respectively. The conformational changes associated with AMP binding traverse multiple paths in the enzyme and link the effector and catalytic sites. 相似文献
7.
The histochemical reaction for phosphorylase is completely lost from anterior horn neurons rich in phosphorylase within 72 hours after proximal or distal axonal section. Using this new type of axonal reaction as a marking technique in the anterior horn of the seventh lumbar spinal cord segment of the cat, we demonstrated that (i) alpha motor neurons of slow twitch motor units, like those of fast twitch motor units, are rich in phosphorylase and poor in succinate dehydrogenase, and (ii) interneurons and Renshaw neurons are rich in succinate dehydrogenase and poor in phosphorylase. Gamma motor neurons, because of their small size, are considered to be rich in succinate dehydrogenase and poor in phosphorylase. Thus, anterior horn neurons capable of higher firing frequencies (Renshaw neurons, interneurons, and gamma motor neurons) are richer in mitochondrial oxidative enzyme activity as marked by succinate dehydrogenase. Those firing at lower frequencies (both types of alpha motor neurons) are richer in phosphorylase activity and glycogen content and, thus, apparently better equipped for anaerobic glycolysis. 相似文献
8.
不同烘烤条件下烟叶淀粉降解酶活性变化 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
以烤烟品种红花大金元和K32 6的中部叶为材料,研究了烘烤过程中烟叶淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性变化及烘烤条件对淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性的影响。结果表明:烘烤过程中,烟叶淀粉酶活性出现2次高峰,分别处于烘烤的变黄中期和定色前期;鲜烟叶中淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,随着烘烤过程的推进,至2 4h达第1次高峰,之后降低,4 8h时出现低谷,随后红花大金元于6 0h达第2次高峰,而K32 6于72h达第2次高峰。在整个烘烤过程中,采用低温低湿变黄,慢速升温定色的烘烤条件,烟叶内淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,有利于烟叶淀粉的降解。 相似文献
9.
烘烤对烟叶淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性变化的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以红花大金元和K326烤烟品种中部叶为材料,研究了烘烤过程中烟叶淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性变化及不同烘烤环境下淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性的变化规律.结果表明,烘烤过程中烟叶淀粉酶活性出现2次高峰,分别在烘烤的36 h和72 h;在鲜烟叶中淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高,随着烘烤过程的推进,至24h达第1次高峰,之后降低,48 h时出现低谷,随后又于72 h达第2次高峰.在整个烘烤过程中,采用低温低湿变黄,慢速升温定色的烘烤环境,烟叶内淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性较高.有利于烟叶淀粉的降解. 相似文献
10.
Increased activities of glycogenolytic enzymes in liver after splanchnic-nerve stimulation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Electrical stimulation of the splanchnic nerve of rabbits caused a marked increase, within 30 seconds after the onset of stimulation, in liver-glycogen phosphorylase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities. The increased activity of liver phosphorylase after splanchnic-nerve stimulation was likewise observed in adrenalectomized and pancreatectomized rabbits. Glycogen content of the liver decreased only slightly after 5-minute stimulation. 相似文献
11.
半晾半烤对上部烟叶淀粉降解和相关酶活性及品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王文超 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,38(2):131-134
以烤烟品种中烟100和云烟87的上部叶为材料,研究不同晾黄时间(48、60、72 h)对烟叶烘烤过程中淀粉降解及淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性的影响。结果表明:与对照(常规烘烤)相比,晾制处理的烟叶在烘烤过程中淀粉酶活性提前12 h达到第1次高峰,适当延长了淀粉酶的有效活性时间;与对照相比,烘烤前期淀粉磷酸化酶活性有所降低,在烘烤后期下降不明显,其中,晾黄60 h后烘烤烟叶的淀粉酶和淀粉磷酸化酶活性、淀粉降解量均较高,烤后烟叶淀粉含量较低,水溶性总糖、还原糖含量较高,各种化学成分较为协调,上部烟叶的可用性较高。 相似文献
12.
Domain separation in the activation of glycogen phosphorylase a 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
E J Goldsmith S R Sprang R Hamlin N H Xuong R J Fletterick 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,245(4917):528-532
The crystal structure of glycogen phosphorylase a complexed with its substrates, orthophosphate and maltopentaose, has been determined and refined at a resolution of 2.8 angstroms. With oligosaccaride bound at the glycogen storage site, the phosphate ion binds at the catalytic site and causes the regulatory and catalytic domains to separate with the loss of stabilizing interactions between them. Homotropic cooperativity between the active sites of the allosteric dimer results from rearrangements in isologous contacts between symmetry-related helices in the subunit interface. The conformational changes in the core of the interface are correlated with those observed on covalent activation by phosphorylation at Ser14 (phosphorylase b----a). 相似文献
13.
[目的]研究微胚乳玉米非胚部位在籽粒发育过程中淀粉磷酸化酶活的变化规律。[方法]以高油115玉米作为对照,对微胚乳玉米非胚部位中淀粉磷酸化酶活性的变化规律进行测定。[结果]微胚乳玉米非胚部位的淀粉磷酸化酶活性在授粉后21—28d达到峰值,其峰值极显著高于对照玉米高油115。不同微胚乳玉米材料间非胚部位的淀粉磷酸化酶活性峰值存在极显著差异。简单相关分析表明,在玉米籽粒发育期间,玉米非胚部位的淀粉磷酸化酶活性平均值或最大值均与单粒淀粉重呈极显著负相关关系。[结论]在微胚乳玉米非胚部位,较高的淀粉磷酸化酶活性水平使其淀粉降解迅速,最终导致其收获时积累的淀粉含量极显著低于高油115。 相似文献
14.
The type III ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (RuBisCO) present in the archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis was found to participate in adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) metabolism, a role that is distinct from that of classical RuBisCOs of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle. Genes annotated as thymidine phosphorylase (deoA) and eucaryal translation initiation factor 2B (e2b2) were found to encode AMP phosphorylase and ribose-1,5-bisphosphate isomerase, respectively. These enzymes supplied the RuBisCO substrate, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, from AMP and phosphate. Archaea with type III RuBisCOs all harbor both DeoA and the corresponding E2b2 homologs. In this pathway, adenine was released from AMP and the phosphoribose moiety entered central-carbon metabolism. 相似文献
15.
西瓜果实发育中糖分转化及其甜度增长规律的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验以‘郑州三号’西瓜[Citurllus lanatus(Thunb.)Matsum and Nakai]为试材,研究了西瓜果实发育过程中淀粉酶、转化酶、磷酸化酶活性的变化与糖分转化的关系及其甜度的增长规律。试验结果表明,果实发育前期水解酶类活性高,糖分转化以水解活动为主,还原糖大量累积;后期磷酸化酶活性高,以蔗糖合成活动为主,蔗糖含量迅速增加。在西瓜甜度变化中,果糖对甜度的效应非常显著,尤其发育前期果糖含量的迅速增加对提高生理成熟以前果实的甜度非常重要。这一论点为寻求西瓜育种新途径提出了新见解。 相似文献
16.
Structural basis for the activation of glycogen phosphorylase b by adenosine monophosphate 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
S R Sprang S G Withers E J Goldsmith R J Fletterick N B Madsen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,254(5036):1367-1371
17.
A third set of phosphorylase a and b isozymes, distinguishable kinetically and immunologically from liver and muscle forms, is present in various rat hepatomas, and is also present, together with the adult liver form, in fetal rat liver. This is one of several striking examples of suppression of isozymes of adult liver coupled with the appearance of fetal isozymes in hepatomas. 相似文献
18.
Inhibition of purine nucleoside phosphorylase by 8-aminoguanosine: selective toxicity for T lymphoblasts 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
I S Kazmers B S Mitchell P E Dadonna L L Wotring L B Townsend W N Kelley 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1981,214(4525):1137-1139
The guanosine analog 8-aminoguanosine is an effective inhibitor of the purine degradative enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase, both in vitro and in intact lymphoid cells. In a human lymphoblast tissue culture system, 8-aminoguanosine, in combination with low concentrations of 2'-deoxyguanosine, causes toxicity toward T cells but not B cells. The selective T cell toxicity correlates with increased accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate in the treated T lymphoblasts. 相似文献
19.
High-resolution chromosome sorting and DNA spot-blot analysis assign McArdle's syndrome to chromosome 11 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
R V Lebo F Gorin R J Fletterick F T Kao M C Cheung B D Bruce Y W Kan 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,225(4657):57-59
A rapid gene-mapping system uses a high-resolution, dual-laser sorter to identify genes from separate human chromosomes prepared with a new stain combination. This system was used to sort 21 unique chromosome types onto nitrocellulose filter papers. Several labeled gene probes hybridized to the sorted chromosomal DNA types predicted by their previous chromosome assignments. The skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase gene was then mapped to a portion of chromosome 11 by spot blotting normal and translocated chromosomes. 相似文献
20.
耐盐性蓝藻A.halophyfica细胞中存在着二种低亲和力的磷酸化酶。它与引物糖原的亲和性质与高等植物中的质粒类型的磷酸化酶相似。本试验的结果支持叶绿体共生学说。 相似文献