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《水产科学》2006,(3)
来稿须知《水产科学》杂志是中文水产、渔业类核心期刊和全国农业系统优秀期刊之一,已被美国《化学文摘》、《剑桥科学文摘》、俄罗斯《文摘杂志》、英国《动物学记录》收录。是中文科技期刊数据库、中国学术期刊综合评价数据库、《中国学术期刊(光盘版)》、中国期刊网和万方数字化期刊群、台湾华艺数据库全文收录期刊；主要刊载渔业资源、海淡水捕捞、水产养殖与增殖、水产生物病害及防治、水产品保鲜与加工综合利用、渔船、渔业机械与仪器及水产基础科学等方面研究的新进展、新技术、新方法等。设有研究与应用、综述与专论、建议与探讨、科普讲座、渔业科技信息等栏目。本刊热情欢迎广大水产工作者踊跃投稿。1．来稿要论点明确,论据充分,数据可靠,文字简洁明了。有关政策性的文章不得与现行政策相抵触。2．来稿请打印(A4开本),论文、综述一般不得超过8000字,并附中、英文摘要及关键词。 相似文献
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“不产科技信息查询系统”以“金信桥全文检索管理软件”作为开发平台，根据水产科技信息资源及现有数据库的特点，对不同类型的数据按一定要求和规范进行标引和分类处理，同时进行各类数据库的结构设计，把各类数据转入相关的数据库中，建立可利用Internet浏览器进行和检索的综合性国内外水产科技信息查询系统。该系统的主要数据内容有：中国水产文摘数据库、国外水产文献数据库、水产科技成果数据库、水产专科数据库、渔用药物数据库、渔业政策法规数据库、水产机构名录数据库、馆藏图书书目数据库、病害防治技术咨询库、中国渔业概况、中国不产发展战略、水水养殖实用技术库等。 相似文献
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为全面揭示水产学科研工作的类别,补充和完善中国水产科学研究院关于水产学的十大学科分类体系,通过设定检索式实现对2006—2015年国内水产学学位论文的全面检索,获取了18091条元数据。在分析学位论文中图分类号分布与学位专业分布的基础上,按照中国水产科学研究院关于水产学的十大学科定义,对学位论文重新归类,进而统计了十大学科的高频主题词,逐个分析了其学科属性,初步构建了十大学科的二级类目体系。新构建的类目体系可为水产学文献信息分类、科研项目管理、学术考核评价等提供理论基础。 相似文献
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Candidatus Actinochlamydia pangasiae sp. nov. (Chlamydiales,Actinochlamydiaceae), a bacterium associated with epitheliocystis in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus 
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下载免费PDF全文 N Sood D K Verma M K Yadav Ravindra A K Dev T R Swaminathan N K Sood 《Journal of fish diseases》2018,41(2):281-290
Chlamydial infections are recognised as causative agent of epitheliocystis, reported from over 90 fish species. In the present study, the farmed striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (14–15 cm, 70–90 g) with a history of cumulative mortality of about 23% during June and July 2015, were brought to the laboratory. The histopathological examination of gills from the affected fish revealed presence of granular basophilic intracellular inclusions, mostly at the base of the interlamellar region and in gill filaments. A concurrent infection with Trichodina spp., Ichthyobodo spp. and Dactylogyrus spp. was observed in the gills. The presence of chlamydial DNA in the gills of affected fish was confirmed by amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. BLAST‐n analysis of these amplicons revealed maximum similarity (96%) with Candidatus Actinochlamydia clariae. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, it was inferred that the epitheliocystis agents from striped catfish were novel and belonged to the taxon Ca. Actinochlamydia. It is proposed that epitheliocystis agents from striped catfish will be named as Ca. Actinochlamydia pangasiae. The 16S rRNA gene amplicons from novel chlamydiae were labelled and linked to inclusions by in situ hybridisation. This is the first report of epitheliocystis from India in a new fish host P. hypophthalmus. 相似文献
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Maximiano Nuñez César Lodeiros Marcos de Donato César Graziani 《Aquaculture International》2002,10(3):177-187
We evaluated native marine microalgae isolated from NortheasternVenezuela, as food for Litopenaeus vannamei larvae,compared to six microalgae commonly used in aquaculture. We evaluated themicroalgal ingestability calculating the biomass consumed by larvae, later weevaluated three monoalgal diets on protozoea stages of L.vannamei over 72 hr based on the larval biomass,RNA/DNAindex and the proportion of stage retarded larvae. The presence of everymicroalgae species in the protozoea's digestive tract indicated theirconsumption. Chaetoceros spp. showed high ingestabilityandTetraselmis spp. and Skeletonema sp.Ch1 showed low ingestability. The native microalgaeChaetoceros sp. A1 and Chaetocerossp.G1 were evaluated as monoalgal diets compared to Chaetocerosgracilis. Ch. gracilis demonstrated the bestresults when the evaluation was performed with the RNA/DNA index. However, thesurvival rate, larval biomass and percentage of stage retarded larvae fed withChaetoceros sp. G1 were not statistically different fromthose fed with Ch. gracilis. Taking into account thatnative microalgae produced higher biomass in shorter times when they werecultured in field conditions, the results suggest that native microalgae areadequate for large-scale culture conditions, thus reducing costs. Thedetermination of microalgal size and the larval consumption, dry and organiclarvae biomass and specially the RNA/DNA index, were valuable features of thisevaluation. The protocol developed in this study could be used to evaluatemicroalgae quality under different environmental conditions and productionregimes. 相似文献
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Benjamin H. Beck Mediha Yildirim‐Aksoy Craig A. Shoemaker Sidney Adam Fuller Eric Peatman 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(3):371-377
The antimicrobial activity and mode of action of chitosan were evaluated against Streptococcus iniae, a pathogenic Gram‐positive bacterium of fish worldwide. Cell proliferation kinetics were examined following exposure to varying concentrations of chitosan. The action of chitosan on S. iniae was also investigated by measuring agglutination activity, conductivity, and extracellular and intracellular bacterial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. Chitosan exhibited antibacterial activity against S. iniae at concentrations of 0.1% and above and was lethal at a concentration of 0.4% and higher. The mechanism of antibacterial activity of chitosan at the inhibitory level of bacterial growth appears to hinge upon the interaction between chitosan and the oppositely charged bacterial surface. This interplay causes agglutination, which was readily observed grossly and microscopically. After interacting with the cell surface via adsorption, an efflux of intracellular ATP was documented, which suggests that chitosan disrupts the bacterial cell causing leakage of cytosolic contents and ultimately cell death. Results suggest chitosan may be worth evaluating as a natural alternative to antibiotic against S. iniae infection of fish. 相似文献
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Marco Ortiz 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2010,20(5):494-506
1. Dynamic and spatial models of the kelp forest off northern Chile (SE Pacific coast) were constructed using the Ecosim and Ecospace theoretical frameworks based on a previously mass‐balanced trophic model using Ecopath II software. 2. The biomass of Macrocystis integrifolia and Lessonia trabeculata blades constituted the most relevant compartments or variables of the ecosystem studied. 3. The relative ascendency (A/C) of 35.5% suggests that this ecosystem is immature, but resistant to disturbances (e.g. fisheries). 4. The results obtained using mixed trophic impacts (MTI) show that both brown macroalgae produced relatively similar quantitative and qualitative effects, however, the predictions based on Ecosim clearly show that L. trabeculata experienced the most relevant direct and indirect effects. 5. The highest values of system recovery time obtained by Pinguipes chilensis and the other seastar group suggest that both compartments could be considered to be top predator species with strong top‐down control. 6. The exploitation of kelp blades as a new harvest strategy appears to be ecologically sustainable. 7. The Ecospace trophic‐spatially explicit model shows that exploitation exerted separately by habitat generates a similar pattern of direct and indirect effects. These results suggest that a habitat rotation of fisheries would not be justified.Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Gabrielle C. Canonico Angela Arthington Jeffrey K. McCrary Michele L. Thieme 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2005,15(5):463-483
- 1. The common name ‘tilapia’ refers to a group of tropical freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae (Oreochromis, Tilapia, and Sarotherodon spp.) that are indigenous to Africa and the southwestern Middle East. Since the 1930s, tilapias have been intentionally dispersed worldwide for the biological control of aquatic weeds and insects, as baitfish for certain capture fisheries, for aquaria, and as a food fish. They have most recently been promoted as an important source of protein that could provide food security for developing countries without the environmental problems associated with terrestrial agriculture. In addition, market demand for tilapia in developed countries such as the United States is growing rapidly.
- 2. Tilapias are well‐suited to aquaculture because they are highly prolific and tolerant to a range of environmental conditions. They have come to be known as the ‘aquatic chicken’ because of their potential as an affordable, high‐yield source of protein that can be easily raised in a range of environments — from subsistence or ‘backyard’ units to intensive fish hatcheries. In some countries, particularly in Asia, nearly all of the introduced tilapias produced are consumed domestically; tilapias have contributed to basic food security for such societies.
- 3. This review indicates that tilapia species are highly invasive and exist under feral conditions in every nation in which they have been cultured or introduced. Thus, the authors have concluded that, despite potential or observed benefits to human society, tilapia aquaculture and open‐water introductions cannot continue unchecked without further exacerbating damage to native fish species and biodiversity. Recommendations include restricting tilapia culture to carefully managed, contained ponds, although exclusion is preferred when it is feasible. Research into culture of indigenous species is also recommended.
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Inés García de la Banda Carmen Lobo Mariana Chabrillón Juan Manuel León‐Rubio Salvador Arijo Gema Pazos Luisa María Lucas Miguel Ángel Moriñigo 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(5):662-669
Probiotics are currently being supplemented to cultured fish due to their benefits for fish performance. Herein, we tested the health protection and nutritional effects of probiotic Shewanella putrefaciens (Pdp11 strain), both fresh and lyophilized cells, on Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles. Pdp11 was incorporated into fish feed at concentration of 109 cells g?1, and then provided to juvenile sole for 2 months. Growth rates were significantly higher in fish fed the fresh probiotic compared with fish fed the control diet. Growth of fish receiving lyophilized bacteria was not improved when compared with controls. Body compositions (protein, total lipids and fatty acids profile) were similar for each dietary treatment. At the end of the study, fish were challenged by intraperitoneal inoculation with a pathogenic strain of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida. Relative percentages of survival (RPS) ranged between 25% and 43.8% for fish receiving both probiotic supplemented diets. Both fresh and lyophilized Pdp11 cells conferred protection against P. damselae subsp. piscicida. However, only fresh Pdp11 enhanced Senegal sole performance. These findings should be taken into account for industry purposes in which lyophilized Pdp11 might be easier to manage. 相似文献
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- 1. In rearing experiments performed between 1997 and 2007, captive‐bred juvenile mussels were harvested shortly after they had dropped off their host fish, and exposed to different types of cages and holding systems.
- 2. Survival of juveniles ranged from 0 to 92% in the first 4 months, but the mean annual mortality was high in all trials and with all systems. In three trials with sheet cages and sediment boxes exposed to mussel rivers from an initial number of 1440 to 1660 only one to eight mussels reached 4 years of age.
- 3. With the exception of mussels kept in spring water no relationship between growth and survival was observed.
- 4. Low survival rates were obtained in sheet cages exposed to very oligotrophic and highly eutrophic brook stretches. Several natural sites that were lacking recruitment in the wild nevertheless showed good results in the cages.
- 5. All holding systems showed irregular variations in survival rates. Pairs of sheet cages showed no correlation between the survival of mussels in the adjacent cages. In contrast, growth rates were correlated.
- 6. No relationship could be found between the growth or survival in sheet cages at different sites and brooks and the corresponding data on water chemistry.
- 7. The systems tested for rearing young mussels involving a minimal time and effort in the natural habitat were not successful due to the elevated mortality rates of juveniles.
- 8. The rearing success of young pearl mussels in cages in the water flow of mussel rivers gives no information about the suitability of these sites for natural reproduction. Thus, to find potential natural habitats for Margaritifera, it is imperative to survey water quality, sediments and habitat structure. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Effects of cortisol on hepatic carbohydrate metabolism and responsiveness to hormones in the sea raven,Hemitripterus americanus 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The sea raven, Hemitripterus americanus, is a sit-and-wait, low metabolic rate, marine teleost. The objective of this study was to determine i) whether cortisol implantation (50 mg. kg-1) for 7 days altered hepatocyte metabolism, and hepatocyte responsiveness to epinephrine, glucagon and insulin, and ii) whether 8 weeks of food-deprivation modified the above response. Cortisol implantation significantly increased hepatocyte
total glucose production and oxidation from alanine compared to the sham group. There was no cortisol effect on glycogen breakdown,
suggesting that the activation of other pathways, including gluconeogenesis, are required to account for the increased glucose
production. Epinephrine-mediated (10-5M) glycogen breakdown and insulin-mediated (10-8M) total glucose production were enhanced in hepatocytes of cortisol implanted sea ravens, but there were no change in any
glucagon (10-7M) effects. The enhanced glycogen breakdown in the absence of similar increases in total glucose production with epinephrine
indicates mobilization of carbohydrate reserves for endogenous use by the liver.
Food-deprivation for 8 weeks significantly decreased condition factor, plasma cortisol concentration and liver glycogen content
in the sea raven, but had no effect on plasma glucose concentration. Hepatocyte total glucose production and flux rates from
alanine increased significantly with food-deprivation. Moreover, food-deprivation increased responsiveness of total hepatocyte
glucose production to the actions of glucagon and insulin, but not to epinephrine; none of these effects were modified by
cortisol implantation.
Our results indicate that cortisol in the sea raven exerts both a direct and an indirect or permissive effect on hepatocyte
metabolism by modifying hepatocyte responsiveness to epinephrine and insulin stimulation. Cortisol implantation did not modify
the effects of glucagon or food-deprivation in this species. 相似文献
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- 1. The natural evolution of ponds leads to the filling up of these small ecosystems, and human intervention may sometimes be necessary to ensure their continued nature conservation interest.
- 2. In the arid karstic region of the ‘Causses du Quercy’ (France), there are numerous ponds bored into parts of the calcareous rock where water cannot percolate. Without human management they are destined to disappear, although they constitute the only available surface water resource on this limestone plateau.
- 3. Little information is available about the physical and chemical changes occurring as ponds go through different successional stages. A comparative study of three ponds at various stages of succession allowed an analysis to be made of the seasonal changes in a number of abiotic variables.
- 4. There was evidence that the temporal and spatial variability of abiotic factors (such as temperature, water level and dissolved oxygen concentrations) increased as ponds progressed through successional stages.
- 5. This study indicated that ponds varied in terms of plant and animal species richness and rarity, temperature, and oxygen concentration at different successional stages. Each pond supported a distinctive fauna. The results suggest that biotic diversity is, in part, driven by local‐scale physical and chemical heterogeneity. Management plans should be drawn at a scale that maintains the heterogeneity of such pond networks.
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Predation relationships between introduced salmonids and the native fish fauna in lakes and reservoirs in northern Patagonia 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Abstract– A few native and exotic fish species are caught frequently in Andean lakes and reservoirs of northwestern Patagonia. Puyen ( Galaxias maculatus ) prey on zooplankton and benthos. Percichthys trucha has a wide range of prey, mainly benthos, while P. colhuapiensis become piscivorous when grown. Pejerrey ( Odonthestes hatcheri ) is omnivorous and large size individuals can be piscivorous. A siluroid, Diplomystes viedmensis , preys on benthos, insects, and fishes. Introduced salmonids are potential piscivorous. The puyen is the major prey category among fishes. Salmonids and perchichtids seem to partially overlap their diets but predation on Diplomystes appears to be restricted to salmonids. Present abundance of puyen, pejerrey and Percichthys spp. does not indicate a strong salmonid effect. However, the low abundance of D. viedmensis does. We studied present predation relationships among native and introduced fishes and postulated possible effects upon native fish fauna. 相似文献