共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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中国林业生物质能源转化技术产业化趋势 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
生物质能源是十分重要的可再生能源,高效转化利用生物质能源是研究和工业化利用的热点.本文主要论述了中国林业生物质资源状况,目前生物质能源转化利用的技术研究和产业化现状,以及今后生物质能源发展趋势和近期国家可能大力支持发展的重点产业化方向.我国生物质能源的研究开发和产业化的发展趋势主要是生物质气化(供气、供热、发电)、生物质乙醇、生物柴油、高效燃烧(热效率达60%)等方面实现产业化. 相似文献
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中国林业生物质能源转化技术产业化趋势 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
生物质能源是十分重要的可再生能源，高效转化利用生物质能源是研究和工业化利用的热点。本文主要论述了中国林业生物质资源状况，目前生物质能源转化利用的技术研究和产业化现状，以及今后生物质能源发展趋势和近期国家可能大力支持发展的重点产业化方向。我国生物质能源的研究开发和产业化的发展趋势主要是：生物质气化（供气、供热、发电）、生物质乙醇、生物柴油、高效燃烧（热效率达60％）等方面实现产业化。 相似文献
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生物质能源是贮存在生物质中并以其为载体的能量.生物质能源是重要的可再生能源,世界各国把发展生物质能源等新能源作为能源发展的优先选择.中国生物质能源开发已进入实质性阶段,可开发的生物质资源到2010年可达3亿吨,发展生物质能源,对于优化广大农村地区的能源结构十分可行且势在必行.对发展生物质能源的技术问题和能源效益问题也进行了讨论. 相似文献
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国内外生物质能源的发展态势及云南发展该项能源的可能性 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
生物质是植物光合作用直接或间接转化产生的所有产物,是储量丰富、开发潜力巨大的一种可再生能源,在人类的整个能源系统中占有重要位置。通过对世界生物质能源的发展趋势与研究方向,以及我国生物质能源的发展现状与研发目标的论述,揭示了国内外生物质能源的发展态势。进而评述了云南发展生物质能源的可能性。 相似文献
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我国桉树生物质能源林研究与利用综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
开发利用林业生物质能源是改善能源结构、保障能源安全和保护生态环境的重要途径之一.桉树不仅是工业原料林生产的重要树种,也是林业生物质能利用的良好原材料.本文从品种研究、评价指标(热值、灰分、生物量、能量现存量)、造林技术(立地条件、整地方式、造林密度、混交造林、收获周期、效益分析)和利用方式等方面阐述了我国桉树生物质能源林研究与利用现状,简要总结了我国发展桉树生物质能源存在的不足并提出今后加强研究的重点,以期为我国合理开发和利用桉树生物质能源提供参考. 相似文献
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生物质直接燃烧利用现状 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着社会经济的发展,环境问题和能源问题日益严重,人类开始加紧寻找可再生能源的步伐。在众多的能源中,生物质能以其清洁、可再生性等优点受到了世界各国的广泛关注,人们开始研究采用不同的方法及技术来燃烧生物质,以其获取寻找最佳的燃烧利用方法,提高生物质的利用率。为了更有效地开发生物质能源,本文详细分析了目前生物质的来源组成及直接燃烧的过程。在此基础上,本文提出了今后在生物质利用方面林业工作的研究内容。 相似文献
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国外生物质能源产业扶持政策 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
生物质能源消费量占世界能源总消费量的15%左右, 作为可再生的清洁能源, 其重要性越来越重要。国外很多国家都对生物质能产业的发展加强引导, 制定国家发展战略, 建立专门的科研和管理机构, 强化立法, 并在财政、信贷、税收等方面给予相当大的政策扶持。 相似文献
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生物质气化技术及开发应用研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
综述了我国生物质资源状况、目前生物质气化技术的研究现状及发展趋势，着重评价了生物质气化技术的应用意义，生物质能源技术在我国的能源技术领域的地位，并对生物质气化技术应用前景进行了展望，分析了生物质气化技术应用的环境效益和经济效益。以及生物质气化技术的不同应用场合和目前存在的一些不足，在技术创新和扩大规模等方面需要进一步加强，阐明了生物质气化技术对我国能源可持续发展战略的重要性和现实意义。 相似文献
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Takuyuki Yoshioka Kazuhiro Aruga Hideo Sakai Hiroshi Kobayashi Toshio Nitami 《Journal of Forest Research》2002,7(3):157-163
The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of a system to harvest logging residues (or slashes) as a new resource
for energy in Japan. A harvesting and transporting system for residual forest biomass was constructed with reference to some
European countries where the utilization of bioenergy is making steady progress and examined on the basis of field experiments
in Japanese forestry. The feasibility of the system is discussed from the standpoints of cost and energy, and the system is
compared with those of the European countries. With respect to the system proposed in this study, it is desirable that the
process of chipper comminuting is incorporated into the system as early as possible, considering the trends of harvesting
cost and fuel consumption per unit weight of residual forest biomass. Such a system is not particularly feasible in Japan
from the standpoint of the harvesting cost per MWh of bioenergy. However, no specific problems are found from the point of
view of the energy input rate, and it is clarified that it is possible for Japan to reduce domestic carbon dioxide emissions
by utilizing biomass as an energy resource. A comparison with the European countries and a preliminary sensitivity analysis
of the system demonstrate that the technical development to reduce the harvesting cost,e.g., improving the forwarding and transporting efficiency, and support from the government are essential for realizing bioenergy
utilization in Japan.
A part of this paper was orally presented at the 111th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Forestry Society (2000).
JSPS Research Fellow.
This study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Ministry of Education, Science and
Culture (No. 10460061). 相似文献
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《Forest Ecology and Management》1997,91(1):17-45
Biomass fuels currently (1994) supply around 14% of the world's energy, but most of this is in the form of traditional fuelwood, residues and dung, which is often inefficient and can be environmentally detrimental. Biomass can supply heat and electricity, liquid and gaseous fuels. A number of developed countries derive a significant amount of their primary energy from biomass: USA 4%, Finland 18%, Sweden 16% and Austria 13%. Presently biomass energy supplies at least 2 EJ year−1 in Western Europe which is about 4% of primary energy (54 EJ). Estimates show a likely potential in Europe in 2050 of 9.0–13.5 EJ depending on land areas (10% of useable land, 33 Mha), yields (10–15 oven-dry tonnes (ODt) ha−1), and recoverable residues (25% of harvestable). This biomass contribution represents 17–30% of projected total energy requirements up to 2050. The relative contribution of biofuels in the future will depend on markets and incentives, on continuous research and development progress, and on environmental requirements. Land constraints are not considered significant because of the predicted surpluses in land and food, and the near balance in wood and wood products in Europe.There is considerable potential for the modernisation of biomass fuels to produce convenient energy carriers such as electricity, gases and transportation fuels, whilst continuing to provide for traditional uses of biomass; this modernisation of biomass and the industrial investment is already happening in many countries. When produced in an efficient and sustainable manner, biomass energy has numerous environmental and social benefits compared with fossil fuels. These include improved land management, job creation, use of surplus agricultural land in industrialised countries, provision of modern energy carriers to rural communities of developing countries, a reduction of CO2 levels, waste control, and nutrient recycling. Greater environmental and net energy benefits can be derived from perennial and woody energy cropping than from annual arable crops which are short-term alternative feedstocks for fuels. Agroforestry systems can play an important role in providing multiple benefits to growers and the community, besides energy. In order to ameliorate CO2 emissions, using biomass as a substitute for fossil fuels (complete replacement, co-firing, etc.) is more beneficial from social and economic perspectives than sequestering the carbon in forests.Case studies are presented for several developed countries and the constraints involved in modernising biomass energy along with the potential for turning them into entrepreneurial opportunities are discussed. It is concluded that the long term impacts of biomass programmes and projects depend mainly on ensuring income generation, environmental sustainability, flexibility and replicability, while taking account of local conditions and providing multiple benefits, which is an important attribute of agroforestry-type systems. Biomass for energy must be environmentally acceptable in order to ensure its widespread adoptions as a modern energy source. Implementation of biomass projects requires governmental policy initiatives that will internalise the external economic, social and environmental costs of conventional fuel sources so that biomass fuels can become competitive on a ‘level playing field’. 相似文献
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详细介绍了芬兰、瑞典和德国3个国家当前生物质能源的利用现状、主要做法和经验。借鉴他们的做法和经验,提出了我国生物质能源发展和利用的建议。 相似文献