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病毒对宿主昆虫的亚致死作用是指感染病毒后未死亡的昆虫,其生长发育、生殖等生命活动能力发生了明显变化。为了探明生产上发生家蚕血液型脓病时是否存在病原物家蚕核型多角体病毒(Bm NPV)对家蚕的亚致死作用,以家蚕品种菁松×皓月的蚁蚕为材料,测试以低于致死中浓度(LC_(50))的Bm NPV-T3多角体悬液添食处理对存活家蚕的亚致死作用。测定Bm NPV-T3对蚁蚕的LC_(50)值为1.41×10~5m L~(-1)。以浓度为10~5~10~3m L~(-1)的Bm NPV-T3多角体悬液给蚁蚕添食后,存活幼虫的体质量显著降低;10~5m L~(-1)多角体悬液添毒试验组存活幼虫的发育历期明显延长,而对蛹期发育历期的影响不显著;10~5m L~(-1)和10~4m L~(-1)多角体悬液添毒试验组的存活幼虫发育至成虫,其产卵量显著低于对照组;10~5m L~(-1)多角体悬液添毒试验组存活幼虫的蛹体质量、全茧量、茧层量、茧层率均受到一定影响,其中对雌蚕的茧层量影响显著。依据上述试验结果初步认为,以低于致死中浓度的Bm NPV悬液给蚁蚕添毒后,对蚕体的生长发育和产茧、产卵性状都具有一定的影响,Bm NPV对家蚕存在亚致死作用。 相似文献
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不同饲料饲养对家蚕抗核型多角体病毒病的能力以及体内3种代谢酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨饲料与家蚕核型多角体病发生的关系及家蚕核型多角体病发生与蚕体内代谢酶活性的关系,研究比较了用桑叶、柘叶饲养的家蚕对家蚕核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)的抵抗性以及与抗性相关的羧酸酯酶、碱性磷酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性变化。结果表明:BmNPV对柘叶饲养家蚕的感染中量(ID50)和致死中量(LD50)分别为1.319×105PID/头和1.632×105PID/头,与对桑叶饲养家蚕的ID50和LD50相比,仅为1/2和1/4左右,即柘叶饲养家蚕对BmNPV的抵抗力明显降低;不论用柘叶饲养还是用桑叶饲养的家蚕感染BmNPV后,蚕体内的羧酸酯酶活性均大幅度上升,碱性磷酸酯酶与乙酰胆碱酯酶活性均显著下降,且柘叶饲养家蚕感染BmNPV后体内的碱性磷酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性比桑叶饲养家蚕感染BmNPV后的酶活性更低。 相似文献
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测定从广西不同蚕区收集到的家蚕核型多角体病毒（BmNPV）对家蚕的致病力。结果：在采集广西10个蚕区的病毒样品中，表现出不同蚕区的BmNPV致病力存在一定差异，致病力最强的是从宜州采集的BmNPV，其LD50为6．91×10^5个多角体／mL，最弱的是从象州采集的BmNPV，其LD50为5．44×10^5个多角体／mL，病毒致病力呈现一定的趋势，即广西南部BmNPV的致病力普遍高于广西北部BmNPV。广西不同蚕区家蚕核型多角体病毒致病力存在差异性，防治家蚕血液型脓病需因地制宜。 相似文献
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<正> 家蚕细胞质多角体病毒属于呼肠孤病毒科(Reoviridae)质型多角体病毒群(Cypovirus)。感染家蚕后,能在中肠圆筒形细胞的细胞质中形成多角体,这种蚕病就叫家蚕细胞质多角体病。1967年田中等发现一种寄生于中肠圆筒形细胞核中的大型多角体,其患病蚕中肠混浊、褐色、不象细胞质多角体病那样中肠呈乳白色。当时命名为中肠 相似文献
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不同家蚕品种对家蚕核型多角体病毒(Bm NPV)的抵抗性存在较大差异。以对Bm NPV感染具有较强耐受性的家蚕品种华康2号杂交组合(F1)累代自交建立AN品系,以Bm NPV多角体悬液对该品系2龄起蚕经口添食的致死中浓度(LC_(50))为2.154×10~9m L~(-1),比对易感品系C108的LC_(50)提高了10~4倍以上。以易感品系C108作为回交亲本与AN品系组配F_1、BC_1、BC_2群体,2龄起蚕用浓度为1×10~8m L~(-1)的Bm NPV多角体悬液浸渍的桑叶饲喂12 h进行抗性遗传分析,表明AN品系对Bm NPV的高度抗性由位于常染色体的1个显性主基因控制。利用SSR分子标记和高分辨率熔解曲线(HRM)分析技术对BC2F群体进行连锁分析,发现AN品系的Bm NPV抗性主基因位于第27连锁群。依据对BC2M定位群体的600余个个体的HRM分析结果,绘制了遗传总距离为29.1 c M的AN品系抗性主基因遗传连锁图,抗性主基因与S2800-9和S2801-352标记的遗传距离分别为5.2 c M、2.9 c M。通过对添食中等浓度(1×10~7m L~(-1))Bm NPV多角体悬液后存活个体的基因组DNA进行SSR分子标记HRM分析,推测家蚕抗性品系AN还存在多个分布于其他染色体的微效抗性基因。 相似文献
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斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒对家蚕的毒性试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒日本株的三种核酸型病毒AK-3、BGI-2、CO-4添食家蚕,并设清水对照,结果其生长情况、死亡率、全茧量,与正常饲养家蚕无显著差异;血液镜检没发现多角体;结果表明,斜纹夜蛾病毒对家蚕无感染性。 相似文献
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家蚕核型多角体病毒(Bm NPV)是主要的家蚕病毒病病原之一,由其侵染家蚕引发的家蚕核型多角体病(血液型脓病)严重影响云南的蚕业生产。测定分离自云南蚕区的Bm NPV株系(Bm NPV-YN1)对家蚕1~5龄幼虫的毒力,并运用"时间—剂量—死亡率"模型模拟分析该病毒株对家蚕各龄幼虫的感染致病力。结果表明,以浓度为1×10~8~1×10~5m L~(-1)的Bm NPV-YN1多角体悬液添食处理后,家蚕各龄幼虫的感病死亡率随添食病毒多角体悬液浓度的降低而下降,添食1×10~7m L~(-1)Bm NPV多角体悬液后第7天,家蚕1~5龄幼虫的累积死亡率分别为100%、76.67%、72.22%、56.67%和26.67%。Bm NPV-YN1对家蚕幼虫的致病力与龄期相关,其敏感程度从高到低排序依次为1龄、2龄、3龄、4龄、5龄。用Bm NPV-YN1多角体悬液添食家蚕1~5龄幼虫后第7天,致死中浓度(LC_(50))估计值分别为4.78×10~4m L~(-1)、5.38×10~5m L~(-1)、2.22×10~6m L~(-1)、7.95×10~6m L~(-1)和3.92×10~8m L~(-1)。在1×10~8~1×10~5m L~(-1)浓度范围内,Bm NPV-YN1对家蚕幼虫的致死中时(LT_(50))与添食浓度相关,对1~4龄幼虫的LT_(50)值随着Bm NPV-YN1添食浓度的降低而增加。研究结果表明,Bm NPV-YN1对家蚕具有较强的侵染致病效应,提示云南蚕区对血液型脓病的防控应以小蚕期为主,同时密切关注各龄期的眠初期。 相似文献
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为探讨家蚕血细胞的吞噬作用,对蚕体腔分别注射微粒子孢子M_(1 2)和核多角体,经30min、1h、2h后,用相差显微镜及扫描电镜进行观察。家蚕血细胞对微粒子M_(1 2)孢子及核多角体的捕食作用,主要为颗粒细胞,其吞噬作用较之其他血细胞显著,家蚕血细胞对微粒子及核多角体的吞噬作用主要为膜捕捉(active en-membranosis),注射病原微生物30min后,可观察到多数的颗粒细胞已在捕食病原微生物;经2h后,多数的颗粒细胞已吞噬了数个甚至10数个病原微生物。 相似文献
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Evidence for the non-involvement of the uterus in the lifespan of the corpus luteum in the cyclic dog 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Progesterone levels in peripheral blood of dogs were analysed during the cycle in which hysterectomy (n = 5) or sham surgery (n = 3) was performed as well as during the cycle of dogs (n = 5) hysterectomized at least one year prior to this study; the data were compared with the findings in control dogs (n = 3). The averages of the duration of the luteal period observed in the three experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. Immediately after surgery, the progesterone level decreased from 25 to 50% of the presurgical level, but returned to presurgical level in about four days. Prolactin levels were elevated for about 30 h after surgery. Nevertheless, the averages of the mean prolactin levels for each animal during the luteal period of the experimental groups were not significantly different from those of control dogs. It is concluded that in the dog, the uterus is not involved in the lifespan of the cyclic corpus luteum. 相似文献
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嗅源是军犬嗅觉作业训练的依据.军犬鉴别中嗅源能力的培养在整个鉴别训练中占有重要地位,关系到鉴别训练的成败和鉴别能力的提高.所以,军犬在嗅认嗅源时必须按照训犬员的指令充分、细致地感受嗅源气味,并且对嗅源气味产生兴奋反应.如何培养军犬充分嗅认嗅源以及及时解决嗅认过程中出现的问题,成为我们进行鉴别训练的关键.…… 相似文献
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Meschan EM Peham C Schobesberger H Licka TF 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,173(3):578-584
As there is no statistical evidence that saddle fit influences the load exerted on a horse's back, this study was performed to assess the hypothesis that the width of the tree significantly alters the pressure distribution on the back beneath the saddle. Nineteen sound horses were ridden at walk and trot on a treadmill with three saddles differing only in tree width. Kinetic data were recorded by a sensor mat. A minimum of 14 motion cycles were used in each trial. The saddles were classified into four groups depending on fit. For each horse, the saddle with the lowest overall force (LOF) was determined. Saddles were classified as "too-narrow" if they were one size (2 cm) narrower than the LOF saddle, and "too-wide" if they were one size (2 cm) wider than the LOF saddle. Saddles two sizes wider than LOF saddles were classified as "very-wide". In the group of narrow saddles, the pressure in the caudal third (walk 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.10; trot 1.08 N/cm(2)+/-0.26) was significantly higher compared to the LOF saddles (walk 0.50 N/cm(2)+/-0.09; trot 0.86 N/cm(2)+/-0.28). In the middle transversal third, the pressure of the wide saddles (walk 0.73 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.52 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) and very-wide saddles (walk 0.77 N/cm(2)+/-0.06; trot 1.57 N/cm(2)+/-0.19) was significantly higher compared to LOF saddles (walk 0.65 N/cm(2)+/-0.10/ 0.63 N/cm(2)+/-0.11; trot 1.33 N/cm(2)+/-0.22/1.27 N/cm(2)+/-0.20). This study demonstrates that the load under poorly fitting saddles is distributed over a smaller area than under properly fitting saddles, leading to potentially harmful pressures peaks. 相似文献
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