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[目的]通过对引种的云杉种和种源试验林的适应性和生长变异研究,选育出最适合当地栽培的优良种和种源。[方法]以甘肃省小陇山沙坝试验基地引种的欧洲云杉、黑云杉、白云杉、蓝云杉、红皮云杉和青海云杉6个树种20个种源为研究对象,分别对6、7、9 a幼林龄的生长性状(树高、地径、新梢和冠幅)进行方差分析和相关性分析,以早期评价云杉种和种源。[结果]6、7、9 a生长期内不同云杉种间和种源间的差异多数达到极显著,表明不同种间和种源间存在较大的遗传变异。利用树高兼地径为主要指标筛选出7个优良种源,分别为欧洲云杉加拿大AB01、AB03种源、白云杉加拿大GL01种源;黑云杉加拿大MA05、MA07、MA08和MA10种源,树高、地径现实增益均超过11%。欧洲云杉、白云杉种源树高与经纬度呈极显著的正相关,与海拔呈极显著的负相关;黑云杉种源树高也与经纬度呈极显著的正相关,但与海拔相关不显著。[结论]在原产地纬度49°16'~58°38'N,经度68°13'~118°24'W区域范围内引进欧洲云杉、白云杉、黑云杉种源,是适宜在甘肃小陇山栽培的云杉树种。 相似文献
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补充光照对欧洲云杉苗木生长的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
光周期具有抑制苗木早期休眠,延长其生长期的作用,具有促进欧洲云杉苗木生长的作用,其在形态指标和生物量上表现得极显著.欧洲云杉大棚育苗补充光照的完整技术可采用整夜补光,随着光强度的增加,苗木生长形状各指标呈渐增的趋势.光质以白光较好. 相似文献
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4个国外引进树种扦插试验初报 总被引:12,自引:3,他引:9
采用全光自动喷雾扦插育苗设备,进行欧洲云杉、白云杉、黑云杉、东部白松4个 国外引进成功树种半木质化嫩枝扦插试验,探讨了这4个树种的扦插育苗技术。沙质插壤上各树种生根率分别达欧洲云杉77.5%、白云杉52%、黑云杉44.5%,东部白松在锯末插壤上扦插生根率为35%。为进一步扩大栽培,加速林木良种化,走有性选择、无性繁育的无性系林业发展道路,提供了新的可行的无性繁殖方法。 相似文献
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《福建林业科技》2015,(3):24-28
应用ISSR分子标记技术,对沙地云杉与近缘种的种间遗传多样性进行研究,进而分析种间的亲缘关系。试验筛选出18个引物对红皮云杉、嫩江云杉、长叶云杉、粗枝云杉、白杄云杉和沙地云杉6个种进行扩增,获得171条清晰谱带,其中多态性谱带131条,多态位点百分率(PPB)为77.78%。通过POPGENE32分析表明:观察等位基因数(Na)为1.7778、有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.4803、Nei's基因多样度(He)为0.2853、Shannon多态性信息指数(I)为0.4269。采用UPGAM法聚类分析表明,6种云杉中,沙地云杉与白杄云杉亲缘关系最近,红皮云杉与嫩江云杉亲缘关系相对较近。研究结果可为云杉属的遗传评价、系统进化、物种鉴定和种间杂交育种提供参考。 相似文献
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采用温室自动喷雾扦插育苗设备,在容器杯森林土上进行川西云杉、白云杉、沙地云杉、青海云杉4种云杉半木质化嫩枝扦插育苗试验,试验结果表明,各树种生根率分别为川西云杉79.5%、沙地云杉54.5%、白云杉47.5%、青海云杉45%。 相似文献
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《林业研究》2021,(4)
Picea spp.are a prominent component of the boreal,montane,and sub-alpine forests in the Northern Hemisphere,and have substantial economic importance due to their high quality fibre.However,performance and wood properties of the genus have not been systematically evaluated in China.This study aimed to examine genetic variations in growth traits,phenology,and wood properties of 17 Picea species,(three from North America,two from Europe,and 12 from China),in response to specific climate factors using a randomized complete block design in a monsoonal,middle latitude area of China.Results show that all growth traits and wood properties significantly varied among species(P 0.00).Of the 17 species examined,P.abies and P.pungens were the tallest with heights of 2.5 and 1.9 m at 9 years old,respectively,90% and 50% greater than the average heights.Branch length,number,and angles of both P.abies and P.pungens were greater than those of the other species.Heights of P.glauca and P.omorika were20-33% greater than the average.Fast-growing species had high quantities of first lateral branches and large top whorl branch lengths.The taller species exhibited greater tracheid lengths and average tracheid lengths to radial central diameter ratios(TL/R_D2),but smaller cell wall thicknesses to tracheid radial lumen diameter ratios(WT/R_D1),which is favorable for pulp production.Correlation analysis revealed that height and ring width had significant positive correlations with latitude but strongly negative correlations with longitude.Height was positively correlated with average annual rainfalls,but negative correlations with average yearly sunshine.Due to the increased average annual sunshine at the China test site relative to the seed source,species such as P.abies,P.pungens,P.glauca,and P.omorika from wet,humid areas performed better than native species.Considering similar temperatures,precipitation may be the main factor affecting growth,which is beneficial for predicting the extent of spruce expansion.These results should encourage further testing and provide reference information for future exotic species studies in this part of China. 相似文献
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对内蒙古林科院树木园内引种的一些品种云杉从雄花生长期花粉量与花粉活力的关系以及花粉贮藏方法等方面进行了试验研究,结果表明:云杉属各品种花粉散粉从开始到结束需10 d左右,在散粉盛期花粉生活力最高,同时花粉量也最大,此时也是杂交制种的最佳时期;不同的云杉种对蔗糖培养基浓度要求不同,多数品种云杉以15%的蔗糖浓度培养基花粉管萌发较好,而欧洲云杉以12%的蔗糖浓度培养基效果最佳;贮藏方法对花粉的生活力有很大影响,在云杉花粉保存过程中温度是主要条件,冷冻好于冷藏,不宜常温保存。 相似文献
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补光对兰云杉和红皮云杉生长的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
云杉苗期生长缓慢是生产中的主要问题,补光可促进苗木生长,缩短育苗周期,提高育苗效率.研究不同光源(阳光灯、镝灯、碘钨灯)、不同光照时间对兰云杉和红皮云杉1年生苗苗高、地径、侧枝数、根系、生物量等生长性状的影响,结果表明:光照处理可以抑制苗木休眠,促进其持续生长,对2种云杉的各生长指标均有显著的促进作用;不同光源、不同光... 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):69-81
The main purpose of these studies was to investigate the adaptation of young seedlings of various seed lots of Picea abies (L.) Karst., P. glauca (Moench) Voss, P. x lutzii Little and P. sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. to northern climatic conditions. Effects of temperature and photoperiod on elongation growth and growth cessation were studied under controlled conditions in a phytotron. In addition, growth and survival of the seedlings outdoors at 69°39’ N lat. were followed for two years. Seed lots of /’. abies originated from northern Norway (66° N lat.), those of the other species were from Alaska (between 57°.and 66° N lat.). The critical photoperiod for budset was 19–20 h for seed lots of P. abies. In general, the critical photoperiod for budset increased with increasing latitude of the seed source, but the results indicated a significantly shorter cirtical photoperiod for seed lots from about 60° N lat., <120 m a.s.l. of P. sitchensis (between 12 and 16 h) than for comparable seed lots of P x lutzii (17–18 h) or P. glauca (18 h). The time course of budset under natural light conditions, both in the phytotron and outdoors, generally followed the pattern predicted from the critical photoperiod. However, in P. glauca the budset occurred earlier than in P. abies although the latter had a longer critical photoperiod. Due to the short critical photoperiod and consequently delayed growth cessation and hardening, all seed lots of P. sitchensis (from 58° to 60° N lat.) were severely damaged during winter. Some damage was also observed in P. x lutzii and in P. abies. The optimum temperature for elongation growth was higher for P. sitchensis than for the other species. In the phytotron experiments, seedlings of P. sitchensis grew best at temperatures between 12 and 21°C, but at 9°C the best growth was obtained in some seed lots of P. abies. After two growth seasons outdoors, all seed lots of P. abies were taller than any seed lot of the other species. Also P. glauca seed lots and one seed lot of P. x lutzii showed good growth, and their growth rhythm seemed to be well adapted to the northern conditions. 相似文献
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对5年生和7年生青海云杉苗进行了不同方式的修剪,同时用不同的生长调节剂对其主干和侧枝上的芽进行了处理,发现除去青海云杉顶芽,能够促进苗木侧芽和隐芽的生长发育,提高侧芽的抽枝率,增加新枝的生长量.不同种类的生长调节剂和修剪方式对青海云杉芽的生长发育影响效果显著不同,去顶芽修剪的效果优于纺锤形修剪和篱式修剪,对于7年生苗,主干上仅留3个饱满芽的强度修剪能明显地减少主干上的芽数,使抽枝数也随之减少,处理效果最差.去顶芽能够明显的增加当年新梢数量和长于6 cm的新梢总长度,同时还能增加当年新梢上冬芽数.6BA对青海云杉芽和枝条的生长发育有较好的促进作用,抽枝宝在各个修剪处理中表现均最差,甚至在一定程度上抑制了青海云杉芽的萌发和延长生长.修剪和生长调节剂处理对5年生苗侧枝芽抽枝数影响均极显著,而对7年生苗的影响却不显著;修剪和生长调节剂的交互作用明显地影响了对7年生苗的处理效果,而对5年生苗的影响不显著.去顶芽后再用6BA涂抹青海云杉苗上的保留芽,能有效地促进青海云杉保留芽的生长发育,有利于形成更多枝条,对青海云杉采穗圃苗的处理效果最佳,强度修剪和用抽枝宝抹芽不适于青海云杉采穗圃苗的培育. 相似文献