首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A procedure of shoot tip culture for commercial production of plantlets of Ribes nigrum is described. An average multiplication rate of 4.7 proliferated shoots was achieved within 21 days of shoot tip (1-2 mm) cultures on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1-2 mg 1“1 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg T1 indole-3-acetic acid. Following 1-3 d of dark treatment with three proliferated shoots per culture tube on half-strength MS medium, 83-96% of these shoots rooted. When these rooted shoots were transferred to wooden boxes with vermiculite as supporting medium for hardening, 97% survived. Plantlets grew well after transplanting to the nursery field. It is concluded that the use of (i) smaller shoot tip explants during shoot profileration stage, (ii) initial three days of dark treatment during the root initiation stage, and (iii) vermiculite as a supporting medium for plantlets during the hardening stage, are economic, efficient and practical procedures for commercial production of plantlets of R. nigrum by shoot tip cultures.  相似文献   

2.
Callus cultures were established from the basal region of in vitro-obtained shoot buds on MS medium supplemented with CH + CW + NAA. Such callus cultures, when grown on MS medium devoid of any growth regulators, regenerated shoot buds and optimum regeneration was obtained on MS + CW (5% v/v) medium. Addition of BA did not enhance shoot bud regeneration, but two variants (albino types) were observed among the BA-induced regenerants. The callus-regenerated shoot buds produced multiple shoots when transferred to MS + NAA + IBA + K medium. The plantlets were induced to root on a modified White's medium + NAA + IBA and subsequently transferred to soil.  相似文献   

3.
A shoot tip of a mature clone of fastigiate bird cherry (Prunus padus L.) was successfully established in vitro. Culture of shoot tip explants on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) based medium with phloroglucinol (PG) resulted in micropropagation, but the clonal line gradually became hyperhydric on this medium. This problem was overcome using PG- free medium based on either MS or Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut medium (DKW). Heavier cultures with more shoots were obtained on DKW medium with fructose or glucose rather than sucrose or sorbitol. Leaf explants placed on DKW basal medium with benzyladenine (BA) produced adventitious shoots. Addition of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid to media with BA increased regeneration. More leaves produced shoots on medium with sucrose or sorbitol rather than glucose or fructose. Adventitious shoots were excised and micropropagated. Shoots were rooted by insertion into DKW medium with indol-3yl- butyric acid, followed by transfer to hormone-free DKW. PG increased the proportion of shoots that produced adventitious roots.  相似文献   

4.
Summary

Optimal rooting conditions have been determined for shoot cultures of Camellia japonica cv. Alba Plena derived from a 50 year old tree: dipping the base of shoots in 1 g l?l solution for 15 min, followed by 12 days’ darkness, induced 87% rooting in shoots cultured with Woody Plant Medium (WPM) macronutrients. Halving the auxin concentration or exposure time considerably reduced this rate, and root formation was severely inhibited if an initial dark period for the entire shoot was not used. The type of support (agar or paper bridges) did not significantly affect the rooting percentage or number of roots per rooted shoot, but liquid media induced greater root elongation. No significant differences were observed between the use of WPM and a modified Heller’s medium as regards the rooting percentages achieved, but the number of roots formed was considerably greater with WPM, as was the survival rate after transfer to soil (70% for transfer as against 35% with the modified Heller’s medium). Best survival rates were achieved when shoots were transferred to the acclimatization soil 12 days after auxin treatment, i.e. immediately after the dark period.  相似文献   

5.
Summary

Dormant axillary buds excised from crowns of pineapple (Ananas comosus L., Merr.) cultured on growth regulator free Nitsch medium sprouted after 8–10 d. Sprouted buds produced multiple shoots (7–10 shoots per bud) upon transfer to solidified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 9.67 μM NAA, 9.84 μM IBA and 9.29 μM KIN. Each isolated shoot upon subculture to liquid medium of the same composition further proliferated to form more multiple shoots (60–65 shoots) and were maintained on a gyratory shaker (90–100 rpm). In vitro grown shoots were rooted on White medium supplemented with 0.54 μM NAA and 1.97 μM IBA. In vitro plantlets were established in cups with soilrite and hardened for four weeks. Phenotypic variants such as albinos, white streaked shoots and shoots with elongated internodes were observed in in vitro cultures. Approximately 520 in vitro produced plantlets were established in the field and these plants exhibit somaclonal variation. Thirty-eight plants were found to be yellowish, spineless with anthocyanin streaks and three were anthocyanin rich, spined plants.  相似文献   

6.
Summary

Experiments were conducted to optimize nutritional and cultural requirements for initiation and growth of roots on papaya in vitro. Axillary shoots were obtained from plants which had been sub-cultured monthly for two years. Root initiation was enhanced when 1 to 2 mm of stem base was removed and shoots were growing actively before transfer to the rooting medium. Decreasing daylength during incubation from 24 h to 12 h promoted root initiation. Within the day temperature range of 22 to 29°C, optimum rooting occurred at 27°C and higher temperatures produced higher mean root weights per shoot. High concentrations of growth factors and the absence of sucrose in the medium both reduced root initiation, however, varying the concentration of sucrose and removing growth factors affected mean root weight per shoot. All media contained a modified de Fossard et al. (1974) basal medium plus 10 μM IBA.  相似文献   

7.
The effect of shoot density on the uptake of macronutrients from MS medium and growth rates of Delphinium shoot tissue cultures was determined. Multiplication rates and uptake of phosphate, nitrate and sugar per shoot increased with decreasing shoot density. Increasing the concentration of total nutrients significantly increased both fresh weight gain and multiplication rate at the high plant density (15 shoots 50 ml'1 medium) usually used for micropropagation. However, increasing the phosphate concentration (phosphate being the nutrient most rapidly depleted in the medium) resulted in higher fresh weight only, while the multiplication rates of shoots remained similar.  相似文献   

8.
《Scientia Horticulturae》2001,87(4):319-326
A method is described for producing de novo shoots from leaf derived callus of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Plants were regenerated in four steps, viz. callus induction, shoot regeneration, removal of hyperhydricity from regenerated shoots and root development. Callus induction medium contained 2,4-D and BAP. Shoot buds were formed when the callus was further subcultured on 2,4-D- and BAP-containing medium, or MS medium without any growth regulators. The shoots so formed were hyperhydric, bushy in appearance with reduced stem length and watery leaves. The normal conformation of shoots was restored by culturing the hyperhydric shoots onto medium supplemented with GA3 and bactopeptone. The recovered shoots were rooted on MS medium added with NAA (1 mg/l) or IBA (2 mg/l). Regenerated plants with well-developed root and shoot systems were successfully transferred to field conditions after initial acclimation.  相似文献   

9.
BAP、IBA和GA_3对梨砧木BP10030茎尖外殖体的成活率没有明显影响,但0.1mg·1~(-1)GA_3明显促进外殖体的初期生长。外殖体建立阶段以1mg·1~(-1)BAP+0.1mg·1~(-1)IBA+0.1mg·1~(-1)GA_3的处理为宜。BAP与IBA明显影响茎的增殖。茎数量随BAP浓度(1—4mg·1~(-1))的增加而增加,但茎长度明显下降。在BAP存在条件下,增加0.1mg·1~(-1)IBA对茎数量没有明显影响,但显著促进茎增长。高浓度的BAP(4rug·1~(-1))明显导致玻璃苗产生,增施0.1mg·1~(-1)IBA在一定程度上可抑制玻璃苗形成。茎增殖阶段BAP浓度明显影响试管苗生根,其生根率、平均根数与限长度随BAP浓度的增加(1—4rug·1~(-1))而降低。2mg·1~(-1)BAP+0.1mg·1~(-1)IBA为茎增殖阶段的最适浓度。生根阶段2mg·1~(-1)IBA显著提高生根率、根数与根长度,同时也有利于试管苗移栽,促进试管苗初期生长。  相似文献   

10.
The establishment of in vitro cultures of Echinacea angustifolia D.C. was obtained directly from sections of flower stalks of adult plants. The shoot formation was obtained from this plant material placed on a modified MS basal medium named CH supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). The in vitro propagation procedure of E. angustifolia consisted of three distinct phases: an initial regeneration phase from stalk sections (IP shoots on basal medium with 0.25 mg L−1 BA), an elongation phase on active charcoal and an axillary proliferation of the shoots (AP shoots on basal medium with 0.5 mg L−1 BA).Regenerating calli were established from leaves of in vitro shoots cultured on CH medium supplemented with 3 mg L−1 BA and 0.5 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Developed shoots from the callus cultures were subcultured on the CH medium with 0.5 mg L−1 BA (leaf regenerated shoots: LR shoots). The secondary metabolite content of the in vitro plant material was compared with that of the greenhouse growing plants. The quali-quantitative LC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis on the extracts from axillary proliferation shoots (AP shoots) showed significant production of caffeic acid derivatives while leaf callus and LR shoots, accumulated mainly alkamides. These results showed that the proper choice of the procedures for in vitro multiplication allowed us to obtain plant biomass able to produce the active compounds typical of E. angustifolia plants.  相似文献   

11.
Summary

An efficient system to regenerate shoots in vitro on excised leaves of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) was developed. Leaf explants from shoot-proliferating cultures produced multiple shoots without an intermediary callus phase on zeatin (ZN)-containing shoot induction media within 3–4 weeks of culture initiation. Cultivars Regal and Splendor, and one clone from a natural stand in Estonia (ECL1), were used in the first experiment. Young expanding leaves with the adaxial side touching the culture medium, and maintained for 7 d in darkness, produced the best results. There were significant genotypic differences in adventitious shoot formation. A second experiment studied the effects of ten concentrations of three cytokinins: ZN at 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μM; 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea (thidiazuron, TDZ) at 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 μm; and 6-(γ-γ-dimethylallylamino) purine (2ip) at 25 μM were compared with leaf segments of different polarity in ‘ECL1’. Zeatin was found to be more effective than TDZ or 2iP as an inductive signal for regenerating many vigorous shoots. Zeatin induced multiple shoot formation at all concentrations tested, but maximum morphogenic response was observed at 20 to 30 μM. The media containing TDZ generally promoted more callus formation and suppresed shoot elongation. In a third experiment with the lingonberry cultivar Erntedank and the clone ‘ECL1’, a new medium developed for lingonberry shoot culture proved more effective than the modified Murashige and Skoog medium for regenerating shoots on leaf explants. Elongated shoots were excised and rooted directly on a 2 peat:1 perlite (v/v) medium after dipping in 0.8% indole-3-butyric acid. Rooted plantlets were acclimatized under greenhouse conditions to evaluate somaclonal variation.  相似文献   

12.
A protocol for in vitro propagation of the wild three-lobed sage (Salvia fruticosa Mill.) (Synonym, Salvia triloba L.) was developed. Shoot tips were excised from in vitro seedlings and established on MS, Nitch and Nitch (NN), or B5 medium. For shoot proliferation, in vitro nodal and apical explants were cultured on MS medium containing 0.25–2 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin), or thidiazuron (TDZ). Proliferated microshoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 2.7–11.4 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), or α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Results indicated that shoots established at 100% regardless of media type, however, shoot height, nodes per shoot, and leaf number were highest for explants established on MS medium compared to NN or B5. Number and height of proliferated shoots, nodes per shoot, and leaf number were highest for nodal explants cultured on a medium containing 0.75 μM BA. Microshoots cultured on a medium supplemented with 2.7 μM IBA exhibited the highest rooting percentage compared to those cultured with IAA or NAA. Essential oil composition in microshoots and shoots of greenhouse-grown plants was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The major essential oils detected in both plant materials were α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, camphor, and borneol. No α-thujone or β-thujone was detected. The content of essential oils, camphor, and borneol were higher in the microshoots than in shoots of greenhouse-grown plants.  相似文献   

13.
《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,106(4):539-553
A simple and efficient method has been developed for rapid regeneration of plantlets via adventitious bud differentiation on mature seeds of Garcinia indica (Thouars) Choisy, a medicinally important facultative apomictic tropical tree species. High frequency direct shoot proliferation was induced in seed segments cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with cytokinins (BAP, kinetin and TDZ) alone and in combination with auxin (NAA). Amongst the various combinations used, BAP proved to be the most effective. Multiple shoots formed within 4–5 weeks of culture. The shoot forming capacity of the seeds was influenced by the BAP concentration tested (5–50 μM) and optimal response was observed at different concentrations (12.5–50 μM) in different genotypes investigated. Significant differences were recorded in terms of percent response (27.78–100%) as well as average number of shoots per explant (3.49–57.67) among the four genotypes investigated. Elongation of the induced shoots was achieved on MS basal medium containing 0.2% activated charcoal. The induction medium had a profound effect on rate of bud elongation with shoots induced on lower concentrations of BAP showing as much as four-fold elongation within 4 weeks. Proliferating shoot cultures were established by repeatedly subculturing the shoot nodes on MS medium supplemented with 5 μM BAP. Maximum rooting (91.66%) occurred in shoots cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 10 μM IBA. The plantlets were successfully transferred to soil after hardening; the time period from initiation of shoot buds to transplantation being 15–17 weeks. For in vitro conservation, the shoot cultures were maintained on medium supplemented with 0.5 μM BAP and the subculture duration could be enhanced up to maximum of 11 months.  相似文献   

14.
Summary

Polyploid plantlets, including triploid, tetraploid, and mixoploid, were induced from the European pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivar ‘Fertility’ by in vitro colchicine treatment of leaf explants. The leaf explants were incubated in 0.4% (w/v) colchicine for 24, 48, or 72 h, then transferred to adventitious shoot-induction medium. Regenerated shoots were pre-selected according to their morphological characteristics when compared to control shoots from untreated shoot proliferation cultures. Shoots with putative polyploid morphological characteristics were maintained and proliferated. The ploidy levels of all putative polyploid individuals were analysed by flow cytometry and identified by chromosome counts of shoot tip tissue squashes. Polyploid shoots were rooted, and the resulting plantlets were transferred to the field. Polyploid plantlets had a higher specific leaf mass and larger stomata than those of diploid plantlets.  相似文献   

15.
Viable shoot cultures and weaned plants were obtained from cultured apical meristems with 10 Buddleia cultivars giving viabilities of 32–72%. The number of shoots produced, the micropropagation rate and the root number produced in vitro was higher in meristem derived shoots compared to those derived from shoot-tips. The subsequent growth rate of meristem derived plants, in the greenhouse, was also greater. The number of roots produced by conventional cuttings collected from meristem derived plants was significantly higher than in cuttings which were collected from plants derived from shoot-tips or from the original stock plants.Endogenous bacteria were not detected in either shoot cultures derived from meristems or in 10-week-old weaned plants derived from meristems whereas those derived from shoot-tips showed the presence of endogenous bacteria when sterilized explants were cultured on nutrient agar or on tryptic soy broth.Factors affecting adventitious bud and shoot production in leaf and internode explants was determined for ‘Lochinch’, ‘Border Beauty’, ‘Ile de France’ and ‘Pink Delight’ using meristem derived shoot cultures. Adventitious shoots appeared after 4 weeks of culture, in both types of explant when cultured on MS supplemented with 0.5–5.0 μM TDZ. The highest percentage regeneration was achieved from bisected internode explants cultured on 0.5 μM TDZ, with 93–100% regeneration among the cultivars whereas BA was less effective. The best response was obtained using 5.0 μM TDZ which gave over 10–11 shoots per explant in all bisected explants for all cultivars.  相似文献   

16.
Summary

A procedure for improved shoot regeneration from meristematic nodules of Charybdis numidica in a temporary immersion culture system was developed by optimizing immersion frequencies, volume of the nutrient medium, and alternating application of growth regulators. Modified liquid MS medium with 3% sucrose, 20 μM BAP and 5 μM NAA (shoot induction medium) was used to induce microshoot formation on 15 g of nodules in 1000 ml bottles. Volumes of medium (250 or 500 ml) and immersion frequency (5 min every 12 or 24 h) did not significantly influence shoot regeneration rates. Shoot induction medium additionally supplemented with 5 μM paclobutrazol in most cases led to less shoots but this effect was not significant, either. Microshoots formed under these conditions were severely hyperhydrated. Nearly complete elimination of hyperhydricity and enhanced formation of properly elongated shoots were achieved by running a shoot induction step with induction medium containing paclobutrazol followed by an elongation step with a medium supplemented only with 5 μM gibberellic acid GA3. This two-step procedure yielded about 900 healthy shoots per bottle after a two-month cultivation period. Root induction was performed ex vitro during acclimatization and the plantlets could be established in the greenhouse with good success.  相似文献   

17.
Summary

Leaf fragments of fig (Ficus carica L. ‘Masui Dauphine’) regenerated from in vitro shoot culture were excised and inoculated on MS medium supplemented with different combinations of 2, 4-D, TDZ, and 0.5 mM phloroglucinol. Addition of 2, 4-D induced root formation directly on the explant, and the presence of phloroglucinol significantly increased root formation. When a combination of 2, 4-D and TDZ was added to MS medium containing phloroglucinol, the explants started to produce adventitious buds at the edges. The addition of phloroglucinol was effective in inducing adventitious bud formation. Excised shoots were rooted successfully in MS medium that was either hormone free or supplemented with 1.0 mg l–1 indolebutyric acid. Regenerated plantlets were successfully established in soil after a short period of acclimatization. This is the first protocol of organogenesis and plant regeneration from vegetative organs of Ficus carica L.  相似文献   

18.
Experiments were conducted with Camellia reticulata cv. Captain Rawes to develop an adventitious regeneration system. Leaves were taken from axillary shoot proliferation cultures in WPM medium that had been established from mature trees. They were sectioned, and then plated in Petri dishes on media containing various combinations of cyto- kinins and auxins; the best response was induced by 2 mg I“1 BA + 1 mg I-1 IBA. The shoots obtained were multiplied by axillary branching on WPM + 2 mg I-1 BA + 2 mg I-1 Z + 2 mg I-12iP + 0.01 mg I-1 IBA. There was no significant difference in multiplication coefficient (the product of the proportion of explants forming axillary shoots and the mean number of new segments per explant) between shoots of adventitious and axillary origin, but there was between the various types of explant used in the multiplication stage: shoot tips (ST1) and nodal segments (ns) of harvested shoots longer than 14- 15 mm, and whole harvested shoots 7-10 mm long (ST2). The best results were achieved with ns and ST2 explants. Shoots of adventitious origin rooted very poorly in comparison with those of axillary origin under the same culture conditions.  相似文献   

19.
韭菜组织培养高频植株再生体系的研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  
 通过对韭菜组织培养过程中激素配比、外植体、基因型、苗龄及生根条件的研究, 建立了一次性诱导成芽的高频植株再生体系。适于愈伤组织和不定芽分化的最佳培养基为MS + NAA 1 mg/ L+ BA mg / L, 在此分化培养基上91-1、91-8、保定红根、寿光马蔺韭和兰州小韭根尖培养的芽分化频率分别为78. 7%、83. 7%、81. 9%、76. 7 %和73. 3 %, 平均出芽数分别为40. 1 、46. 7 、36. 3 、35. 4 和44. 5 个,苗龄为7~ 10 d 的根尖最适于组织培养。随苗龄增加, 芽的分化频率呈下降趋势。无任何激素的MS0 培养基最适于不定芽的生根, 生根率达100%, 平均根数14. 5 条。卡那霉素( Km) 对植株再生有很强的抑制作用, 在Km 为20 mg/ L 时就完全抑制愈伤组织和不定芽的发生; 羧苄青霉素( Carb) 和噻孢霉素( Cef) 也抑制韭菜根尖培养的植株再生, Cef 的抑制作用更加显著, Carb 500 mg/ L 或Cef 300 mg/ L 完全抑制不定芽的再生; Timentin 对愈伤组织和芽的分化影响不大, 抑制性主要表现在出芽数随浓度升高而降低。当Timentin 浓度为500 mg/ L 时, 平均出芽数仍可达到23. 8 个, 为对照的49. 4% 。  相似文献   

20.
A micropropagation procedure for juvenile cherimoya (Annona clierimola Mill.) is described. Axillary shoot proliferation was obtained after culturing nodal sections with lateral buds in basal medium supplemented with either 0.66 μM BA or 1,36μM zeatin. For root induction shoots were pre-incubated for 7 d in basal medium supplemented with 1 gl?1 activated charcoal, then cultured for 10 d (7 dark/3 light) on medium with 500 μM IBA, 58.4 mM sucrose, and 200 mg I“1 citric acid. Afterwards, shoots were transferred to the same medium without auxin and with the macroelements at half strength. Using this procedure, 95% of shoots rooted. The survival rate at the end of the acclimatization period was 70%.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号