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测试分析了2019年度阿克苏地区抽检的130批次（机采棉57批次，手摘棉73批次）细绒棉的棉结和短纤维率，并将手摘棉和机采棉进行分类比较。手摘棉与机采棉平均每克纤维棉结数分别为194、240，平均每克籽屑棉结数分别为39、46，平均每克棉结数分别为234、286；12.7 mm短纤维率主要分布在8%～12%，手摘棉在该范围的占比为61%，机采棉仅为36.8%；16 mm短纤维率主要分布在12%～18%，手摘棉在该范围的占比为76.7%，机采棉仅为59.7%。可知，2019年度阿克苏地区手摘棉棉结数和短纤维率均优于机采棉。 相似文献
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为了研究新疆机采棉加工工艺对棉花短纤维率的影响，围绕典型的新疆机采棉加工工艺，在昌吉回族自治州（昌吉）和巴音郭楞蒙古自治州（巴州）各选1条工艺相同的生产线，从籽棉垛（货场）、轧花前、皮棉清理前、打包前等环节取样测试，探讨新疆机采棉加工过程中棉花短纤维率的变化规律。结果：新疆机采棉加工工艺中的籽棉清理环节会降低棉花短纤维率（重量） a，对短纤维率（根数）没有影响；轧花环节会增加短纤维率（重量）、短纤维率（根数）；皮棉清理环节会产生新的短纤维，也会清理掉一部分短纤维，短纤维率（重量）降低，短纤维率（根数）在昌吉和巴州2条生产线的变化趋势相反。认为：以此定量分析结果为参考依据，在新疆机采棉加工中应重视轧花机、皮棉清理机的操作使用，做到因花配车，减少棉纤维长度损失，降低棉花短纤维率，提高新疆机采棉加工质量。 相似文献
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对2021年度（棉花年度,下同）的新疆阿克苏地区细绒棉仪器化公证检验数据进行统计,分析了细绒棉纤维颜色级、长度、马克隆值、断裂比强度、长度整齐度指数、轧工质量等主要指标,并比对了2019年度、2020年度、2021年度各指标变化趋势,以真实反映阿克苏地区细绒棉品质状况。总体来看,2021年度阿克苏地区细绒棉长度、马克隆值B级以上占比较前2年有较大提升,颜色级白棉3级及以上细绒棉占比较前2年有所降低,断裂比强度指标高于2019年度、低于2020年度,长度整齐度指数及轧工质量变化不大。 相似文献
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新疆近年机采棉发展过程中的棉纤维品质变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解近年新疆机采棉发展过程中棉纤维品质现状，利用2008－2016年我国新体制棉花公正检验质量数据，比较分析全国5大植棉省（区）的棉纤维品质及其等级分布的变化特征。结果表明，纤维长度以新疆地方的最长，高出全国均值0.20 mm；断裂比强度则以新疆兵团和新疆地方的最低，仅为28 cN·tex－1。新疆棉花长度在27 mm级的比例虽有所降低，但29 mm级比例逐年降低且波动较大；断裂比强度的“强级”和“很强级”所占比例全国最低，仅占20%和3.0%左右，“差级”比例则是全国最高，约占10%。马克隆值以新疆最优，但近几年呈明显升高的趋势。因此，各指标差级棉纤维比例增加和强级比例降低是新疆原棉品质的基本状况，尤其是断裂比强度。 相似文献
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为了研究新疆机采棉加工工艺在清理杂质的同时对棉花品质的影响，围绕典型的新疆机采棉加工工艺，从4道籽棉清理前后、轧花前后、3道皮棉清理前后等环节取样、测试，探讨棉花品质指标（含杂率、上半部平均长度、长度整齐度指数、断裂比强度）在新疆机采棉加工过程中的变化规律，分析含杂率与棉纤维上半部平均长度、长度整齐度指数、断裂比强度之间变化的相关性。结果表明：新疆机采棉加工工艺在清理杂质的同时，降低了棉纤维的上半部平均长度、长度整齐度指数、断裂比强度，其中含杂率与棉纤维上半部平均长度、长度整齐度指数相关极显著。认为：以此定量分析为参考依据，结合各地机采棉品质特征调整新疆机采棉加工工艺，增加籽棉清理道次，适当减少皮棉清理道次，可在保证杂质清理效果的同时，提高棉花品质。 相似文献
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介绍了转基因抗虫常规棉品种国欣棉32的选育过程、特征特性、适宜种植区域和栽培技术要点。国欣棉32在河北植棉区春播生育期123 d,植株紧凑,铃重6.6 g,霜前花率93.9%。2019―2020年河北省春播常规棉组区域试验中,2019年多点平均籽棉、皮棉、霜前皮棉产量分别为4 529.0 kg·hm－2、1 843.0 kg·hm－2、1 734.6 kg·hm－2;2020年多点平均籽棉、皮棉、霜前皮棉产量分别为3 886.4 kg·hm－2、1 627.8 kg·hm－2、1 524.8 kg·hm－2;2年纤维品质检测结果为上半部平均长度30.6 mm,断裂比强度31.0 cN·tex－1,马克隆值5.0;抗枯萎病,耐黄萎病,抗棉铃虫。 相似文献
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Systemic and asymptomatic Neotyphodium fungal endophytes infect numerous species of the Poaceae. The frequencies of Neotyphodium endophyte infection in Finland were investigated among and within seven Nordic cultivars of meadow fescue, Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv., which is a widely grown pasture and forage grass species in Scandinavia. The cultivars were Kasper, Salten, Antti, Fure, Ilmari, Inkeri and Kalevi. Frequencies of infection of cultivars varied from endophyte-free cultivar Fure to highly infected cultivar Inkeri [mean (standard deviation of mean) of 0·95 (0·023)]. Mean frequencies of infection of three cultivars remained lower than 0·10, and two of the cultivars, Kasper and Salten, were intermediately infected. In most of the cultivars, frequencies of infection varied only slightly among seed lots. In cultivar Kasper, however, the frequency of endophyte infection was highly variable (0–0·96) among the 45 seed lots examined. The relative importance of cultivar, seed lot and infection by Neotyphodium endophyte to the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. was studied experimentally, using both endophyte-free and endophyte-infected plants of four seed lots of the two intermediately infected cultivars. Endophyte infection increased plant resistance to R. padi , overriding the influences of seed lot and cultivar. It is proposed that variation caused by endophyte infections in cultivars of meadow fescue should be taken into account in assessing plant breeding programmes in Europe. 相似文献
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Quynh-Hoa Pham Xuan-An Tran Thi-Nha-Trang Nguyen Thi-Thuy-Anh Tran Hai-Yen Hoang Thi-Hong-Van Nguyen Thi-Hanh Tang Thi-Phuc Do 《水稻科学》2016,23(6):334
Rice(Oryza sativa) is sensitive to salinity, but the salt tolerance level differs among cultivars, which might result from natural variations in the genes that are responsible for salt tolerance. High-affinity potassium transporter(HKTs) has been proven to be involved in salt tolerance in plants. Therefore, we screened for natural nucleotide polymorphism in the coding sequence of Os HKT1, which encodes the HKT protein in eight Vietnamese rice cultivars differing in salt tolerance level. In total, seven nucleotide substitutions in coding sequence of Os HKT1 were found, including two non-synonymous and five synonymous substitutions. Further analysis revealed that these two non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions(G50T and T1209A) caused changes in amino acids(Gly17Val and Asp403Glu) at signal peptide and the loop of the sixth transmembrane domain, respectively. To assess the potential effect of these substitutions on the protein function, the 3D structure of HKT protein variants was modelled by using PHYRE2 webserver. The results showed that no difference was observed when compared those predicted 3D structure of HKT protein variants with each other. In addition, the codon bias of synonymous substitutions cannot clearly show correlation with salt tolerance level. It might be interesting to further investigate the functional roles of detected non-synonymous substitutions as it might correlate to salt tolerance in rice. 相似文献
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Russell Pressey 《American Journal of Potato Research》1969,46(8):291-297
Freshly harvested potatoes contain low levels of total invertase and high levels of invertase inhibitor. Total invertase increases sharply when potatoes are placed in cold storage, but the inhibitor is not depleted in all varieties. The absence of basal invertase activity in Norchip tubers indicates that an excess of invertase is not required for reducing sugar formation. Analyses of 37 varieties and seedlings after 3 months cold storage revealed that the reducing sugar content is not proportional to the invertase activity. High sugar contents are associated with low inhibitor levels, but low sugars are not necessarily associated with high inhibitor levels. The results indicate that invertase participates in reducing sugar formation, but other factors are responsible for the regulation of starch-sugar conversion in potatoes during cold storage. 相似文献
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马铃薯试管苗组织培养及微型薯诱导技术的研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
通过加入不同浓度的BA、NAA和KT,以探讨外源激素对马铃薯试管苗生理性状的影响,发现低浓度的外源激素较适合用来进行试管苗的增殖。本试验利用香豆素进行微型薯的诱导,结果表明低浓度的香豆素对提高薯重和大薯率有利,而高浓度有利于提高微型薯的结薯数量。 相似文献
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Soomro MT Zahir E Mohiuddin S Khan AN Naqvi II 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(2):285-289
In present study, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd were analyzed by FAAS in green and black tea samples of locally available in the Pakistani market. Na and K were also determined by Flame Photometer. Tea leaves can be the source of mineral components and trace elements, as well as some undesirable substances due to exposure to the environment. Among the metals tested, K was the most abundant one followed by Na, Mn and Fe. Fortunately, toxic heavy metals, Pb and Cd, had the lowest contents in tea samples and also in tea aqueous extracts. Concentration of heavy metals in tea aqueous extract was markedly lower than their total contents except that of K. The solubility of studied metals in tea aqueous extract varied widely and ranged from 0.0-95%. The lowest ranges of solubility were listed for toxic heavy metals Pb and Cd. The possible uptake of metals by the human body from tea aqueous extract has also been determined. The amounts of metals that one may take up through consumption of tea aqueous extract were found to match the acceptable daily intake even taking into account exposure from air, food and drinking water. 相似文献
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1 前 言目前 ,马铃薯脱毒快繁技术已广泛应用于科研与生产中 ,快繁过程中脱毒苗培养基支持体通常采用琼脂或直接采用液体培养。然而这两种培养基存在着诸多问题 ,例如琼脂培养基中的琼脂价格昂贵、成本高 ,而且胶体不利于营养物质的扩散、透气性差 ,导致瓶苗生长不良。因此 ,该实验在本着降低成本的同时 ,又能保证瓶苗正常生长的前提下 ,以蛭石代替琼脂 ,分析其在实际生产中的应用价值。2 材料与方法2 1 材料供试品种为郑薯 6号脱毒苗 ,试验于 2 0 0 2年在郑州市蔬菜研究所马铃薯脱毒实验室内进行。2 2 方法本试验设两个处理 :处理 1… 相似文献
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利用Matlab软件对玉米子粒灌浆过程用Richards方程进行拟合后,通过编程实现灌浆次级特征参数计算,并对不同播期子粒灌浆特征进行分析和探讨。结果表明,在黑龙港地区生态条件下,不同播期玉米各部位子粒灌浆均符合"S"形生长曲线,可用Richards方程很好地拟合。不同播期条件下,早播处理子粒起始势最高,达到灌浆盛期时间最早,平均灌浆速率及最大灌浆速率最大,活跃灌浆期较长,粒重最高。各播期玉米不同部位子粒,穗下部与上部相比,子粒的起始生长势较大,平均灌浆速率较高,达到灌浆高峰期时间较短,粒重较高。 相似文献
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试验以5个生产用马铃薯品种脱毒试管苗为材料,采用组织培养的方法,初步研究了茎切段在正常磷及低磷培养基中生长30 d时幼苗的磷营养效率差异,为筛选出适宜于生产用的磷高效马铃薯品种奠定了基础。试验结果表明,5个马铃薯品种幼苗在正常磷和低磷胁迫下对磷素的吸收和利用能力均存在明显的基因型差异。利用各品种幼苗的磷效率指标(植株干重、鲜重、吸磷量、磷利用效率)的相对指标(低磷处理的结果/正常磷处理的结果×100)进行聚类分析(类平均法)的结果表明,大白和I-1035属于磷高效基因型品种,中农Ⅷ是磷低效基因型品种,凉薯97和疫不加则属于中间类型品种。 相似文献