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计算机网络在木材生产管理上的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
１ 计算机网络管理木材生产销 售的必要性 随着市场经济体制的完善及林区“天保”工程的实施，原有管理手段已经不适应发展的需要。条块分割式的管理，暴露出同行企业间的分歧，且很难形成合力，制约了整个战线的发展。特别是基层生产单位不接触市场，市场意识不强，产品销售信息反馈滞后，导致产品不能满足市场需求，缺乏竞争力，效益低下。若要改变当前木材生产销售的这种被动局面，必须实行全方位全过程的质量效益化管理，在改善原有管理手段的基础上，实现计算机网络化管理。 （１）计算机网络是现代化办公和实现现代化集团式管理的可… 相似文献
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随着天保二期的实施,森工企业的采伐限额进一步降低,对以木材生产为主要经济来源的森工企业造成了极大的生存压力。针对木材生产存在的问题,采取有效措施实现木材生产的最大效益是解决森工企业生存的最有效途径。 相似文献
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木材的质量是木材生产的核心 ,质量管理工作的好坏关系到企业的经济效益。本文从我国木材市场现状入手 ,强调了质量管理的重要性。针对质量问题 ,提出了几点建议 相似文献
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20世纪以来,我国从俄罗斯进口大量的木材,以弥补国内木材原材料供应的严重不足。这些木材大多从我国东北地区边境口岸城市进入,经过锯材加工和人工干燥后再运往内地进行深加工。因此,这些口岸城市先后安装和建造了一定数量的木材干燥设备,使木材干燥生产具有了一定的规模。本文对我国东北地区主要边境口岸城市的木材干燥生产情况进行简述,并对生产中出现的一些问题进行探讨。其讨论的问题可供当地及其他地区的木材干燥生产参考,对提高木材干燥生产质量具有一定的实际意义。 相似文献
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发展木材指接生产是提高木材利用率的有效途径。笔者通过对有关生产厂的调查及试材性能试验分析,论述了目前我国木材指接生产的现状及存在的问题,并提出几点建议。 相似文献
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实现木材生产经营效益最大化,充分挖掘生产过程中的潜在效益,加强木材生产经营闭合式管理,是推进木材效益最大化的根本保证。 相似文献
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R. Moore 《Agroforestry Systems》1992,20(1-2):167-186
About 21% of agricultural land in Australia is seriously degraded by salination and wind erosion. Trees can contribute to overcoming these problems. There is potential for trees to also produce wood, thereby diversifying farmers' incomes, reducing Australia's bill for importing wood and increasing exports of wood products. Even though many of these multiple purpose plantings would be widely scattered and growth rates low in some regions, Australian farmers should have a comparative advantage in wood production because trees also provide substantial landcare and agricultural productivity benefits. The establishment of new industries based on wood from farmland requires leadership from Government, planning at national, regional and local levels, and innovative techniques to finance planting. Removal os taxation disincentives for wood producers and the introduction of legislation to allow profit à prendre contracts would provide more favourable conditions for investment. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):459-490
The theoretical background to wood production is outlined and the factual background is given by reviewing measured rates of wood production. It is recommended that differences in wood production be analysed, not by statistical methods, traditional growth analysis or by comprehensive models, but by using a ‘light use analysis’, where wood production is determined by (1) the amount of light intercepted by the canopy, (2) the light use efficiency, net of respiration, (3) the proportion of assimilates partitioned to wood, and (4) mortality losses. These four components are discussed. 相似文献
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Trade-offs among wood production, wood quality and ecological characteristics in the management of harvested forest stands are explored through model simulation of various silvicultural regimes. Long-term production of merchantable wood, production of various types of high-quality wood, and the level of certain quantitative ecological indicators are projected for coniferous forests of Pacific Northwestern USA. The set of ecological indicators used is based on the species composition and physical structure of old, unlogged forest stands. Simulations are performed with an ecological model of forest stand dynamics that tracks the fate of live and dead trees. Short rotations (<50 years) produce the least amount of high-quality wood over the multi-century simulation period. They also fail to generate ecological attributes resembling those of old forest stands. Production of high-quality wood is moderate to high under all rotations of 80 years or more; however, most ecological indicators require longer rotations unless alternatives to clearcutting are applied. Alternatives examined include retention of 15% cover of live tree canopy at each harvest in combination with artificial thinning between harvests. Thinning from below can expedite the development of large live and dead trees, and canopy height diversity without greatly diminishing wood quantity or quality. Proportional thinning retains understory stems, thereby expediting the recruitment of shade-tolerant trees. A possible drawback to thinning, particularly proportional thinning, is the diminished production of clean-bole wood at rotations of 150 and 260 years. It is concluded that most wood quantity, wood quality and ecological objectives can be met with long rotations (ca. 260 years). Certain objectives can be met with shorter rotations (80–150 years) when treatments of thinning and canopy tree retention are applied. 相似文献
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把木材生产承包给本企业职工，可减少外委，提高本企业职工的收入，同时对环境保护与企业经济效益的提高也非常有益。 相似文献
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Thermal treatments of beech wood with different temperature loads on the wood cause characteristic changes in the chemical
composition. The determination of specific changes was carried out by means of suitable methods, both wet chemical and instrumental
analyses. It could be confirmed that in addition to the degradation of polyoses, lignin, known as the thermally most stable
compound, shows significant thermal alterations too. 相似文献
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鹤北林业局由于多年的大量采伐，带来了伐区生产的艰难性和复杂性，针对这种情况，为了确保伐区木材生产的安全，本文作者提出了具体的措施。 相似文献
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农用货车在木材生产中应用的评价 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
从经济改革，南方林区道路状况，结合农用货车性能特点。通过与EQ1090、CA1090等车型各方面比较，对农用货车在木材生产中应用作出了评价。 相似文献
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Stephen C. Sillett Robert Van Pelt George W. Koch Anthony R. Ambrose Allyson L. Carroll Marie E. Antoine Brett M. Mifsud 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010
How long forest trees can sustain wood production with increasing age remains an open question, primarily because whole-crown structure and growth cannot be readily measured from the ground or on felled trees. We climbed and directly measured crown structures and growth rates of 43 un-suppressed individuals (site trees) of the two tallest species – Eucalyptus regnans and Sequoia sempervirens – representing a wide range of tree sizes and ages. In both species, ground-level measurements of annual growth, including height, ring width, and basal area increment, exhibited the oft-reported trend of decreasing growth (or no change in growth) with age, yet wood production of the entire main trunk and whole crown both increased with size and age up to and including the largest and oldest trees we measured. The balance between structural metrics of whole-crown respiratory demands (cambium area, inner bark volume, sapwood volume, and heartwood deposition area) and photosynthetic capacity (leaf area and green bark area) was statistically independent of size but not age. After accounting for the effect of size, trees with lower potential respiratory demands grew more than trees with higher potential respiratory demands per unit photosynthetic area. The strongest determinant of tree energy balance was the ratio of aboveground cambium area to leaf area. Among the site trees we examined, over 85% of the variation in annual wood production was explained by variation in size, and the proportion of total aboveground wood production in appendages (branches, limbs, and reiterated trunks) increased linearly with size. With increasing age in both species, the proportion of annual wood production converted to heartwood increased in main trunks and appendages. The oldest tree we measured produced more heartwood in its main trunk over 651 years (351 m3) than contained in any tree we measured <1500 years old. The two tallest tree species achieve similar stature despite divergent growth dynamics and ecologies. At one extreme, E. regnans attains great size quickly but dies relatively young because trees are susceptible to fire and fungi. At the other extreme, S. sempervirens attains great size more slowly but has a long lifespan because trees resist fire and prioritize investment in decay-resistant heartwood. Increasing wood production as trees age is a mechanism underlying the maintenance of biomass accumulation during forest development and the carbon-sink capacity of old-growth forests. 相似文献
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Differences in wood properties between juvenile wood and mature wood in 10 species grown in China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
F. C. Bao Z. H. Jiang X. M. Jiang X. X. Lu X. Q. Luo S. Y. Zhang 《Wood Science and Technology》2001,35(4):363-375
This study examined the intrinsic differences in various wood properties between juvenile wood and mature wood in 10 major
reforestation species in China. Comparisons between juvenile wood and mature wood were made in both plantation- and naturally-grown
trees. Considerable differences in most wood properties were found both between plantation-grown juvenile wood and mature
wood, and between naturally-grown juvenile wood and mature wood. This suggests that wood properties of plantation-grown trees,
to a large extent, depends on their juvenile wood contents, and can thus be manipulated effectively through rotation age.
In general, the longer the rotation age, the lower the juvenile wood content, and the stronger the mechanical properties of
the plantation-grown woods. However, the differences between juvenile wood and mature wood vary with wood properties and species.
In general, juvenile wood and mature wood have less difference in chemical composition than in anatomical and physico-mechanical
properties. Compared to the softwoods studied, the hardwoods appear to have less difference between juvenile wood and mature
wood.
Received 25 June 1999 相似文献
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通过适当的化学改性反应如酯化、醚化等,可以使木材转化为热塑性高分子材料。这些热塑性材料可单独或与合成高聚物按比例混合热压加工成型为各种板材或其他成型产品,这对扩大木材的加工利用途径、充分利用木材加工剩余物、提高木材利用率等都具有十分重要的意义。本文介绍了酯化、醚化木材的主要方法,产品的特点,以及今后木材及纤维素酯化、醚化的发展方向。 相似文献