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对我国核农学发展规律的探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文对我国核农学研究与应用的现状和存在问题进行了初步分析 ;认为造成我国核农学现状的主要原因在于人才因素、学科之间的影响和发展的不平衡性、核农学自身特点及其对市场经济体制的适应性等。国内外核农学的发展状况表明 :市场经济体制或计划经济体制不是影响核农学发展的关键因素 相似文献
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<正>农业英语翻译与语感培养是指在农业领域中使用英语进行翻译和交流时需要具备的语言能力。随着全球化的发展,农业领域越来越需要与国际接轨,因此农业英语的翻译和应用越来越重要,同时也需要重视农业英语翻译人才语感的培养。本研究概述了农业英语翻译和语感培养的相关问题和对策。农业英语翻译需要具备的语言能力包括英语语言能力和农业领域专业知识。在翻译农业领域的英语文献时,需要了解相关的农业知识,才能准确理解和翻译文献中的专业术语和概念。因此,农业英语翻译人才需要具备丰富的农业领域知识背景,并持续学习和更新相关知识。语感是农业英语翻译的重要能力之一。语感是指熟悉某种语言的语音、语法、词汇等,并能够准确地理解和使用该语言的能力。农业英语翻译人才需要通过大量阅读和听力训练来培养语感。同时,还需要注重语言的应用能力,通过不断地实践和交流来提高语言表达能力。农业英语翻译和语感培养是农业领域国际化发展的必要能力。通过建立相应的培养体系不但能加强语言实践能力的培养,还可以提高农业英语翻译人才的语言能力和专业水平,从而为农业领域的国际化发展做出贡献。 相似文献
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《广西农业生物科学》2006,25(3):F0002
农学专业责任教授——罗兴录
罗兴录，男，1957年生，广西上林人，教授，农学博士，中国耕作制度研究会南方分会常务理事，中国农学会杂粮分会常务理事，广西大学作物栽培学与耕作学学科建设负责人，作物栽培与育种教研室主任，广西高等学校精品专业——农学专业建设负责人，硕士研究生导师。 相似文献
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作为学科与专业的“农学”之历史反思与体系再构——以农业生态学作为新农学的核心理论科目 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王松良 《中国生态农业学报》2011,19(6):1455-1460
现代农学学科的形成源于欧洲工业革命主导的实验科学归纳论思维, 取得农业产量巨增的同时, 却破坏了农业可持续性赖以维持的自然基础。随着农业可持续发展战略目标的日益清晰, 农学学科及其教育体系的重构也日益迫切。联姻生态学, 建立以“农业生态学”为核心科目的新农学理论体系, 并据此调整和拓宽“作物栽培学”、“耕作学”、“作物遗传育种学”等农学分支学科的研究领域; 建立以“农业生态系统管理”为核心的新农学应用体系, 以融合现代生物工程、生态工程、信息工程和材料工程技术; 也意味着我国“古代”演绎论和西方“近代”归纳论携手为实现“现代”可持续农业(低碳农业)提供一条可行的途径。 相似文献
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以不同年代育成、具有一定化感作用的4 种生态型冬小麦品种为材料, 在对其农艺性状进行分析的基础上, 用荧光淬灭技术研究了4 种生态型冬小麦抽穗期的荧光动力学特性, 并以马铃薯为受体探讨了不同生态型小麦的化感潜力。结果表明: 随育成年代推移, 从“碧玛1 号”、“宁冬1 号”、“丰产3 号”到“小偃22号”, 除“宁冬1 号”外, 各品种单株小穗数、穗粒数、千粒重和产量增大, 植株化感潜力增强, Fm'分别为0.19、0.17、0.21、0.22, F 分别为0.12、0.10、0.13、0.14, 因此可推测“碧玛1 号”、“丰产3 号”和“小偃22 号”化感潜力增强的内在生理机制之一是Fm' 和F 逐渐递增, 光合器官PSⅡ对光能的吸收、转化增强, 能耗降低;而“宁冬1 号”表现出的特殊变化可能与其地域适应性较差及生态特性有关。研究发现4 种生态型小麦抽穗期农学性状如株高、穗长、旗叶面积、小穗、穗粒数、千粒重和产量, 荧光动力学参数如Fm'、F、Y(NO)、qP、qL 与化感潜力显著相关, 可作为冬小麦抽穗期化感潜力评价的参考指标。研究初步得出小麦的化感潜力由形态建成和内部生理生化基础所决定, 这可为作物化感潜力调控和化感遗传育种提供理论参考。 相似文献
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B. B. Basak 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(11):1599-1609
ABSTRACTThe chemical reactivity of Indian rock phosphates (RPs) was measured by five chemical extraction methods (i.e. water, neutral ammonium citrate (NCA), 2% citric acid (CA), 2% formic acid (FA) and absolute citrate solubility (ACS)). These measurements were assessed by agronomic response data obtained by growing ryegrass and palmarosa in two highly weathered acidic soils under pot culture experiment. The phosphorus (P) solubility value of RP measured by different methods followed the order: ACS > 2% CA > 2% FA > NAC > water. Considering triple superphosphate (TSP) as a standard reference P fertilizer, the agronomic response of RPs followed the order Udaipur RP > Jhabua RP ≥ Purulia RP > Mussorie RP. Methods based on citrate solubility (i.e. NAC, 2% CA and ACS) were significantly and positively correlated with agronomic response irrespective of the plant species and soil types. The best correlation value obtained with NCA indicated that P solubility in NAC solution may offer better prediction of agronomic effectiveness of RP in terms of biomass yield, relative agronomic efficiency (RAE) and P recovery efficiency. So, the present investigation will help to predict the agronomic effectiveness of low-grade RP based on chemical methods. 相似文献
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籍贵苏 《中国生态农业学报》1995,3(1):67-71
本文应用了夏谷三种株型，12个品系，9个性状的考种结果，通过对其遗传力和有关性状与籽粒产量的相关分析表明，三种株型的谷子在遗传力和遗传相关上存在明显差异。对其差异进行分析和比较，为三种株型谷子的高产育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Biyun Chen Kun Xu Jun Li Feng Li Jiangwei Qiao Hao Li Guizhen Gao Guixin Yan Xiaoming Wu 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(5):979-999
It is important to evaluate yield and agronomic traits when selecting for elite lines in Brassica napus L. In this study, 488 global collections of B. napus L. were evaluated for yield and agronomic traits during two consecutive years under growing conditions in central China. A series of phenotypic data for yield and agronomic traits were obtained. Large variations in yield and agronomic traits were found among these accessions, making selection possible for these characters. Chinese accessions, in general, tended to have higher plot yield (POY), higher seed yield per plant (PY), higher thousand-seed weight (TSW), more seeds per silique (SS), and fewer siliques per plant (PS) than foreign accessions. Comparing winter, semi-winter, and spring accessions, semi-winter accessions tended to have the highest POY, highest PY, highest TSW, most SS and fewest PS. Genotypic variation for TSW accounted for 71.23 % of the total variation, and it was the highest for all 12 of the phenotypic traits. Significant correlations were observed between different traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that significant variation among the traits with the first four principal components could explain 49.8 % of the total variation. Three major groups (winter, spring and semi-winter oilseed rape accessions) could be distinguished when projecting the accessions onto the first two PCAs. The information on variations in yield and agronomic traits detected in this study provided useful parents for rapeseed breeding. Moreover, the phenotypic data on yield and agronomic traits obtained may be used in our subsequent genome-wide association studies for B. napus. 相似文献
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Birgit Arnholdt‐Schmitt 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2005,168(4):617-624
The review aims at visualizing and strengthening approximation of current strategies in plant breeding, plant nutrition, and molecular biology. Innovations in new breeding strategies on quantitative traits are based on the development of functional DNA markers. This requires knowledge on robust physiological key reactions or parameters in view of the desired agronomic trait. To understand the significance of adaptive molecular‐physiological factors for the expression of agronomic traits in quantitative terms, systems analyses have to demonstrate the phenotypic effect of differential gene activities. The logistic to advance in applied systems biology is currently being strongly discussed. In the present contribution, identification of target cells, which are important for agronomic traits, is stressed as a key for future modeling and virtual experimentation. Integration of target cells in systems analysis should allow to link top‐down approaches, that start at the whole‐plant level, with bottom‐up approaches, that come from the molecular level. To illustrate the importance of adaptive cell reprogramming for agronomic traits, reprogramming of rhizodermic cells to trichoblasts is pointed out in its role for nutrient efficiency (NE). The nature of molecular factors, which may serve as functional markers in breeding, is discussed in view of future marker developments. 相似文献
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Jacques RA Krause LC Freitas Ldos S Dariva C Oliveira JV Caramão EB 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(25):10081-10085
The main objective of this work is to assess the influence of two drying methods (microwave and vacuum oven) and some agronomic variables (plant fertilization conditions and sunlight intensity) on the characteristics of mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) leaves extracts obtained from high-pressure carbon dioxide extractions performed in the temperature range from 20 to 40 degrees C and from 100 to 250 bar. Samples of mate were collected in an experiment conducted under agronomic control at Ervateira Bar?o LTDA, Brazil. Chemical distribution of the extracts was evaluated by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer detector (GC/MS). In addition to extraction variables, results showed that both sample drying methods and agronomic conditions exert a pronounced influence on the extraction yield and on the chemical distribution of the extracts. 相似文献