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速生水杉的酸性及对脲醛树脂胶固化的影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
为科学开发速生水杉木质复合材料。研究了江苏省丹阳、高邮两地速生木杉的几个与木材胶合有关的指标（ｐＨ值、酸碱缓冲容量、酸含量及木粉与ＵＦ胶混合物的固化时间）。结果表明：两地水杉呈微酸性，ｐＨ值为５．６－６．２８，两地速生水杉或同一产地水杉的各酸性指标值略有差别，但在人造板生产中可采用相同的、常规胶合工艺。 相似文献
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浅析木材酸性及其对MDF生产的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文对福州人造板厂生产用木片的ｐＨ值、缓冲性能及其对ＵＦ胶固化时间的影响进行了研究，结果表明：木片的ｐＨ值与缓冲性能是影响ＵＦ胶固化的重要因素，煮沸回流后的木片ｐＨ值与ＵＦ胶的固化时间相关性最大；在ｐＨ值相近的情况下，木粉与胶的混合物固化时间随木材缓冲性能的增加而缩短；树皮对胶固化的阻碍大大超过相同ｐＨ值的木材；作为主要原料的马尾松，其地域不同、ｐＨ值不同而呈现出对ＵＦ胶固化的影响也不同。 相似文献
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柳树杂种及无性系耐水性遗传变异的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用插条水培的方法研究了柳树种间杂种及柳属与钻天柳属间杂种５５个无性系淹水死亡时间的遗传变异情况,及其与插条状况、插条生根性状和插条新梢生长性状间的相关关系。柳树杂种无性系间,在淹水死亡时间等１２个性状上均存在显著差异;被研究群体的１２个性状的广义遗传力达到０．３０２￣０．９９５;遗传变异系数为７．１３－７８．１４％;淹水死亡时间的平均值为３３￣６４．６ｄ,遗传变异系数为７．１３％,广义遗传力为０ 相似文献
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稻草原料酸碱性及稻草中密度纤维板的性能 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
测试分析了稻草原料的ｐＨ值和缓冲容量，分别使用脲醛树脂胶和异氰酸酯胶在特定工艺条件下压制了稻草中密度纤维板，并测试了板材性能。结果表明：１）稻草秸秆原料呈弱碱性，缓冲容量远高于普通木材；经热磨处理获得的稻草纤维呈弱酸性，其缓冲容量虽较稻草秸秆有一定幅度的下降，但仍高于普通木材；２）脲醛树脂或异氰酸酯稻草中密度纤维板的性能都明显优于相应的碎料板；在密度０．８０ｇ／ｃｍ３和施胶量１７％的条件下，脲醛树脂稻草中密度纤维板性能达到国标ＧＢ／Ｔ１７６５７－１９９９一等品的要求，在密度０．８０ｇ／ｃｍ３和施胶量６％的条件下，异氰酸酯稻草中密度纤维板性能达到国标ＧＭ／Ｔ１７６５７－１９９９优等品要求。 相似文献
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单宁胶用PUF树脂的制备工艺与结构和交联性能关系的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
提出了一种单宁胶用ＰＵＦ树脂的制备方法。用＾１３ＣＮＭＲ研究了制备条件对ＰＵＦ树脂组分、结构和交联性能的影响。压板试验表明ＰＵＦ树脂配制单宁胶时，只有折合甲醛值大于１０％，压制的胶合板才能符合室外级板的强度要求。用ＤＳＣ研究了固化温度对该单宁胶固化程度的影响。 相似文献
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毛竹叶斑枯病病原菌及其生物学特性的研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
毛竹叶斑枯病是由竹独足座菌〔Ｃｏｃｃｏｓｔｒｏｍａ ａｎｕｎｄｉｎａｒｉａｅ （ｈａｒａ）Ｔｅｎｇ〕的侵染所致。菌落在ＰＤＡ和竹煎汁培养基上生长较好,菌丝生长最适温度为２５￣３０℃,最适ｐＨ值为６．０。子座及子囊孢子的形成需要经光诱导,并且需要较低的温度（１０￣１５℃）,ｐＨ值３￣１１均能产生子囊孢子,ｐＨ值８．５时产生子囊孢子的能力最强。在自然水条件下子囊孢子的萌发率（３９．２％）较高,子囊孢子 相似文献
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Cheng Xing S. Y. Zhang James Deng Bernard Riedl Alain Cloutier 《Wood Science and Technology》2006,40(8):637-646
The properties of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) panels as affected by wood fiber characteristics were investigated. Wood chips from three softwood and one hardwood species were refined under the same refining conditions to make four different types of fibers. The resulting fibers were characterized by fiber size distribution, bulk density, pH value, and buffering capacity. Using the same resin system and hot-pressing parameters, MDF panels were produced and evaluated for internal bonding (IB), modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), thickness swelling, and linear expansion. The pH values and alkaline buffering capacities of raw materials were reduced considerably after refining. IB was strongly related to the pH value of fibers. The mechanical properties increased with alkaline buffering capacity. IB, MOR, and MOE increased with the bulk density of fibers. Increased proportions of coarse fibers had negative effects on the panel mechanical properties. 相似文献
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In afforestation, studies of forest edges seldom span the effects of planting design and the self-designing capacities of spontaneous vegetation. This study revisited experimental forest edge sections 16 years after their establishment to assess the impact of five design elements on (1) horizontal and vertical edge structure, (2) growth of planted species and species groups, and (3) spontaneous establishment of woody vegetation. The design elements were: exposure to direct solar radiation; edge typology (shrub mixture, mixture of trees and shrubs, no edge planting); width of edge planting (5 or 10 m); species mixture principle (intimate mixtures or single species grouping); and planting row position from outermost to interior planting row (max. 6 rows). The results demonstrate that edge plantings support significantly more spontaneous woody vegetation than stand boundaries without such edge plantings. This result was consistent across the different design elements. Position across the planting rows from the outermost to innermost row was the most influential design element for the development of planted seedlings. Planted tree and shrub species of similar shade tolerance had contradicting development, where light-demanding pioneer tree species had obtained dominant positions while shade-tolerant shrub species had outgrown more light-demanding species. These results demonstrate that important successional processes can be activated by establishing the initial components and structures of forest edges. When designing such edges, species should preferably be allocated to different row cohorts reflecting their growth form and shade tolerance. 相似文献
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染色木材pH值与缓冲容量的比较分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别用酸性染料与活性染料,对大青杨和桦木单板进行直接染色和NaOH溶液预处理后染色,测量2种染色单板的pH值和缓冲容量,并与未染色单板进行对比.结果表明,NaOH溶液预处理、酸性染料、活性染料的染色对2种单板的pH值及缓冲容量的影响规律一致;染色可小幅度增加木材pH值,显著降低酸缓冲容量;预处理则可较大幅度增加pH值,并一定程度上增加酸缓冲容量;大青杨单板经2种工艺染色后,其酸缓冲容量均有明显下降;桦木单板直接染色酸缓冲容量减小,而预处理后染色则酸缓冲容量增大. 相似文献
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湘中丘陵区3种林分林下植物多样性与土壤特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在湘中丘陵区选取针叶林、针阔混交林和阔叶林为研究对象,研究三种林分林下植被多样性、土壤理化性质及其相关关系。结果表明:三种林分林下植物多样性总体表现为灌木层明显高于草本层,阔叶林、针阔混交林高于针叶林。土壤有机质、全N和全P含量基本表现为随土层加深而下降的规律。土壤含水率与各项多样性指标不相关,土壤容重、p H值与灌草层各多样性指数呈负相关关系,有机质、全N与灌木层均匀度指数呈负相关关系,有机质与草本层均匀度指数呈极显著正相关关系(P0.01),全P、全K与灌木层多样性指数呈显著正相关关系(P0.05)。 相似文献
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Md.DaneshMiah MohammadMoshiurRahman 《林业研究》2004,15(1):55-60
2002年1月至6月对孟加拉涝原地区两个不同的宗教部落(印度教和穆斯林教)的传统家园森林进行了探索性研究，包括印度教和穆斯林教社团对树种(乔木和灌木)的偏爱度、类似性、造林材料及来源、植树地点和间距。研究发现Mangifera indica作为乔木树种，Ocimum sanctum作为灌木树种为印度教社团最喜爱的树种；Artocarpus heterophyllus和Lawsonia inermis分别为穆斯林社团最喜爱乔木树种和灌木树种。两中不同宗教社团选择乔木数种的相同性为86．57％，灌木树种为78．48％。两个宗教部落使用种子和苗木作为造林材料最多。乔木树种的造林材料主要来自家园(39％)灌木树种主要来自自然界(40％)。表3参27。 相似文献
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Woody plants diversity and possession in small-scale tree and shrub growing practices among farmers of central highland Ethiopia
were assessed by using a complete census of the trees and shrubs existing on farmers’ lands. The future prospects of diversity
and possession of woody plants in the agricultural landscapes were also investigated by using the farmers’ species preferences
and seedling demands as indicators. Comparisons were made across wealth classes, proximity clusters to a nearby state forest
and land uses. It was found that 27 tree and 21 shrub species exist on lands of the studied households. With increasing wealth
status of the households, the tree and shrub species richnesses increased. Tree and shrub species richnesses were highest
in boundary plantings and homesteads respectively. Small-scale woodlots had the highest number of tree stems while homesteads
contained the highest number of shrub stems. The number of tree stems a household possesses is strongly influenced by distance
from the state forest, family size, educational level of the household head and number of iron-roofed houses owned. And, the
shrub stems possession is significantly influenced by wealth status, distance from the state forest, land holding size, family
size, livestock holding, age of wife and possession of off-farm income sources. The species preference analysis and seedling
demand computations indicated that the woody species diversity is less likely to change in the future because there is no
difference between the currently existing species and the preferred ones. Nonetheless, the number of tree and shrub stems
on the farmers’ holdings could increase if the seedling demands of the preferred woody species are met. 相似文献
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本文对贵州凯里喀斯特区最难恢复的白云质砂石山天然次生灌木林的植物多样性进行了初步研究。对研究区6个样地共计2 400m2植被的调查研究结果表明:白云质砂石山天然次生灌木林木本植物有21科37属49种,草本植物有6科10属15种,植物组成以落叶灌木树种+多年生草本为主;白云质砂石山天然次生灌木林群落各层次的优势种都比较明显,灌木层以金佛山荚蒾Viburnum chins-hanense、火棘Pyracantha fortuneana占优,草本层以五节芒Miscanthus floridulus、白茅Imperata cy-lindrical、荩草Arthraxon hispidus处于优势地位;物种丰富度和多样性特征指数都小,生境资源匮乏是导致白云质砂石山物种丰富度、植物多样性小的主要原因。 相似文献
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Weston F. Mwase Åsmund Bjørnstad James M. Bokosi Moses B. Kwapata Brita Stedje 《New Forests》2007,33(3):297-307
Biodiversity is declining throughout southern African miombo woodlands due to poor land use practices that are detrimental
to soil, vegetation and habitat. We aimed at examining tree and shrub species diversity and distribution in Uapaca kirkiana-dominated woodlands under three land tenure types; forest reserves, customary and leasehold land. The study was conducted
at different forest sites within similar agroecological zone in southern Malawi. Study sites were located at a range of altitudes
between 900 and 1,200 m a.s.l. Three circular plots each with 32.60 m radius were established at each study site to sample
tree and shrub species composition, structure and distribution under three land tenure types. We found that forest reserves
had higher species diversity with an average of 16 tree families, 27 genera and 34 species as compared to only 10 tree families,
6 genera and 6 species on customary forest lands. Comparisons of diameter at breast height size class distributions showed
that customary land had significantly low numbers of small (5.0–10.0 cm) and very large (≥30 cm) diameter classes suggesting
lower levels of regeneration and high rate of anthropogenic activities. The high species diversity and richness in forest
reserves and leasehold land indicate high potential for protected lands to restore tree species diversity. It is concluded
that levels of human activities as influenced by land tenure type reduce tree species diversity, composition and distribution
at the different sites, and this confirms the hypothesis that open access lands are not compatible with conservation of tree
and shrub species diversity because of high anthropogenic activities. 相似文献