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1.
The green muscle disease (GMD), described for the first time in 1968, is a cause of significant losses in the production of turkey meat. Pathological changes of different intensity are found in smaller pectoral muscles on one or both sides of the sternal crest. GMD has been more frequently observed in Poland since 1991 in breeding turkeys of heavy and medium-heavy types assigned to slaughter after completing the reproductive period. The present study deals with the occurrence of this disease in the Warmia and Mazury District of Poland. Characteristic green foci located in small pectoral muscles were found in 4090 out of 26,169 slaughtered turkeys, i.e. in 15.63% of the carcasses investigated. It was established that 2430.5 kg of meat were confiscated what gave 0.59 kg of confiscated meat per head on the average. 相似文献
2.
Thirty pigeons were experimentally infected with Streptococcus bovis using an intravenous infection model. Ninety percent of the inoculated pigeons developed clinical disease. Disease signs included acute death, inability to fly, lameness, inappetence, emaciation, polyuria, and the production of slimy, green droppings. At necropsy, the septicemic character of the disease was evident. Typical lesions included extensive well-circumscribed areas of necrosis in the pectoral muscle, tenosynovitis of the tendon of the Musculus pectoralis profundus, and arthritis of the stifle, tibiotarsal, or shoulder joints. Focal myocardial necrosis also was seen. Meningitis and encephalitis occurred in the cerebrum and the cerebellum. Disease signs and lesions described here after experimental infection were similar to those in naturally occurring cases of S. bovis septicemia. 相似文献
3.
Experimental and serologic observations on avian pneumovirus (APV/turkey/Colorado/97) infection in turkeys 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
An avian pneumovirus (APV) was isolated from commercial turkeys in Colorado (APV/Colorado) showing clinical signs of a respiratory disease. The results of virus neutralization and indirect fluorescent antibody tests showed that the APV/Colorado was partially related to APV subgroup A but was unrelated to APV subgroup B. Turkeys experimentally inoculated with the APV/Colorado were observed for signs, lesions, seroconversion, and virus shedding. Thirty-six 7-wk-old turkeys were distributed into three groups. Eighteen turkeys were inoculated oculonasally with APV/Colorado, six were placed in contact at 1 day postinoculation (DPI), and 12 served as noninoculated controls. Tracheal swabs and blood samples were collected at 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 DPI. Tissues were collected from three inoculated and two control turkeys on aforementioned days for pathologic examination and APV isolation. Inoculated turkeys developed respiratory disease, yielded APV at 3, 5, and 7 DPI, and seroconverted at 10 DPI. Contact turkeys yielded APV at 7 and 10 DPI. No gross lesions were observed in the turbinates, infraorbital sinuses, and trachea. However, microscopic examination revealed acute rhinitis, sinusitis, and tracheitis manifested by congestion, edema, lymphocytic and heterophilic infiltration, and loss of ciliated epithelia. The inflammatory lesions were seen at 3 DPI and became extensive at 5 and 7 DPI. Active regenerative changes in the epithelia were seen at 10 and 14 DPI. Serologic survey for the presence of antibodies in commercial turkeys (24,504 sera from 18 states) and chickens (3,517 sera from 12 states) to APV/Colorado showed seropositive turkeys in Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota and no seropositive chickens. This report is the first on the isolation of an APV and APV infection in the United States. 相似文献
4.
Cryptosporidia were found in the respiratory tract of turkeys in eight flocks on five different farms over a 4-month period. Turkeys ranged in age from 2 1/2 weeks to 11 weeks of age. All had respiratory signs. Diagnoses were made by examining wet smears and confirmed by histopathological examinations. 相似文献
5.
A pigmented strain of Pseudomonas and Pseudomonas putrefaciens grown on minced chicken breast muscle (pectoral proper and supra coracoid) and leg muscle (those covering the femur, fibula and tibia) at 1° C to counts of 108‐109/g produced changes in the nucleotides that were smaller than those due to autolysis and much smaller than the initial differences between the two types of muscle. The likely effects of nucleotide changes on flavour are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Histopathology of hereditary muscular dystrophy of the domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). 
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下载免费PDF全文 The histopathology of hereditary muscular dystrophy was studied in homozygous dystrophic turkeys of various ages. Myopathy was severe at ten weeks of age but absent at seven weeks or less. Lesions at ten weeks consisted of variation in fiber size and contour with acute necrosis of individual muscle fibers. Myopathic characteristics were similar at 16 and 24 weeks but with fewer dystrophic fibers and slower fiber destruction. Fat deposition was mild at 24 weeks and there were disseminated foci or endomysial proliferation in dystrophic muscle at 16 and 24 weeks. Pectoral and alar muscles were dystrophic but no lesions were detected in gastrocnemius muscle, myocardium, central and peripheral nervous system tissue or visceral organs. Mean diameters and nuclear numbers of muscle fibers were significantly less in pectoral muscles of dystrophic turkeys than in controls and did not have increase significantly from ten to 24 weeks of age as did controls. 相似文献
7.
An outbreak of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) in commercial turkeys involving very mild clinical signs was difficult to confirm by routine methods. In the first part of this study (trial A), we conducted a bioassay to increase the likelihood of detecting MG. Susceptible turkeys were inoculated with sinus exudates from four different affected commercial turkey flocks. Turkeys were evaluated for clinical signs, as well as by serology and culture of tracheal swabs, at 21 and 42 days postchallenge. An MG isolate from one of the sinus exudates used for inoculation, designated K5054, was very similar to isolates from house finches when characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis as well as DNA sequence analysis of portions of the phase-variable putative adhesin protein (pvpA) gene, a lipoprotein gene, and the cytadhesin gapA/mgc1 gene. The turkeys inoculated with the K5054 sinus exudate seroconverted in the absence of severe clinical signs. There was a single reisolation of K5054 from these turkeys 42 days postchallenge. Susceptible contact turkeys were commingled with the K5054-inoculated turkeys at 49 days postchallenge. We found no evidence of transmission of MG to the contacts by culture or serology at 7, 21, or 35 days after commingling. In the second part of this study (trial B), we challenged the contacts and K5054 sinus exudate-inoculated turkeys from trial A with virulent R strain 88 days after the K5054 sinus exudate inoculation. On necropsy 10 days postchallenge, the evaluation of gross and microscopic lesions, serology, and culture showed that the turkeys previously inoculated with K5054 sinus exudate were protected against disease and reinfection. 相似文献
8.
Adult mallard ducks were administered steel pellets to determine the rate of excretion from the gastrointestinal tract. In separate studies the ducks were administered 5 number 6 lead pellets. Birds were examined for clinical signs and sacrificed at given intervals over a 20 day period to assess changes in tissue structure and concentrations of lead with time. The above studies were conducted in 2 groups of ducks, fed a low or a high fiber diet. The rate of steel pellet excretion on birds on the low fiber diet decreased with an increase in pellet size. Pellet excretion was greatly reduced in birds fed the high fiber diet. Administration of lead shot resulted in the development of green diarrhea, anorexia and weakness. It also produced high concentrations of lead in the blood, kidney, liver and bone with lower concentrations in skeletal muscle. The major lesions were destruction of the mitotically active proventricular epithelium and medullary osteocytes, destruction of pectoral muscle cells and the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies in the proximal tubular epithelium of the kidneys. Birds on the high fiber diet demonstrated more severe clinical signs and higher concentrations of lead in the tissues. 相似文献
9.
The pathogenicity of serotype 2 OH strain of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) to specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos and 2-wk-old SPF chickens and turkey poults was investigated. The virus was pathogenic for chicken embryos after five passages as evidenced by pathologic changes in inoculated embryos. The embryo-adapted virus was not pathogenic for 2-wk-old SPF chickens and turkey poults as indicated by lack of clinical signs, gross or microscopic lesions in the bursa of Fabricius of inoculated birds. Bursa-to-body-weight ratios of the inoculated chickens and turkey poults were not significantly different from those of uninoculated controls. Virus-neutralizing antibodies to serotype 2 IBDV were detected in inoculated chickens and turkeys. Results of this study indicated that the embryo-adapted serotype 2 OH IBDV isolate that is pathogenic for chicken embryos is infectious but not pathogenic in chickens and turkeys. 相似文献
10.
E F Kaleta 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1992,99(12):475-478
Eight pigeon paramyxovirus-1 isolates which were isolated from diseased pigeons were comparatively tested for their pathogenicity in chickens, turkeys and racing pigeons. Intramuscular inoculation of all of the eight viruses resulted in all pigeons in clinical signs like polyuria, lameness of wings and in parts also in torticollis. Also, intravenously inoculated chickens developed distinct signs such as apathy, liquid droppings and in part also torticollis. Six of the eight PMV-1 isolates induced in turkeys similar signs as in chickens; inoculation of two isolates yielded no signs in turkeys. Legal sanitary consequences of the disease due to pigeon PMV-1 infection in chickens and in turkeys should be identical to that of velogenic Newcastle disease. 相似文献
11.
J M Smith D D Frame G Cooper A A Bickford G Y Ghazikhanian B J Kelly 《Avian diseases》1987,31(4):913-917
A disease outbreak characterized by respiratory signs, occasional neurologic signs, and increased mortality in commercial meat turkeys from four separate companies in central California was investigated in the late summer and early fall of 1986. The disease syndrome affected turkeys from 6 to 15 weeks of age and caused a severe fibrinous pericarditis, perihepatitis, and airsacculitis. Bacteriologic and serologic examinations as well as virus- and chlamydia-isolation attempts initially failed to implicate an etiologic agent. Eventually culture attempts were made in a 5% CO2 incubator, resulting in isolation of Pasteurella anatipestifer. The disease syndrome was reproduced in young turkeys and broiler chicks inoculated with the organism. 相似文献
12.
This case report describes a novel manifestation of the immune-mediated disease, masticatory muscle myositis. Clinical signs, including difficulty in opening the mouth (trismus), were seen in three of four 12-week-old cavalier King Charles spaniel littermates. Diagnosis was established by 2M immunohistochemistry, supported by characteristic histopathological changes in affected temporal muscle. Treatment using corticosteroids at immune-modifying doses resulted in resolution of clinical signs in all the affected animals. Masticatory muscle myositis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in groups of young dogs with clinical signs of myositis localised to the head. 相似文献
13.
This is the first report of the isolation of H13N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype from domestic turkeys. This subtype was also isolated from nearby surface water. The observation of large numbers of gulls in close association with turkeys on range before the virus isolations suggests that this virus subtype was transmitted from gulls to range turkeys. Turkey flocks infected by this virus subtype did not show any clinical signs of the disease, although seroconversion did occur. The H13N2 isolates were found to be non-pathogenic in chickens. 相似文献
14.
S Miyazato Y Miura M Hase M Kubo Y Goto Y Kono 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(1):128-136
A disease characterized by nervous signs was found in 10 calves in two districts in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, from October to November, 1984. Histopathological changes of nonpurulent encephalitis were found in every case. An agent, named Iriki isolate, was isolated from the cerebellum of a calf in HmLu-1 cell cultures. All of the affected calves possessed neutralizing antibody to the virus. A high seropositive rate to the virus in cohabiting cattle and cattle kept in the epizootic area, and seroconversion to the virus in 1984, were disclosed. Experimental infection of calves with Iriki isolate produced severe nervous signs and histopathological changes similar to those of the natural infection. These seroepidemiological findings and animal experiments established that Iriki isolate is the causative agent of the disease. Iriki isolate was considered as a variant of Akabane virus since the virus showed cross reaction with Akabane virus in virus neutralization tests. 相似文献
15.
A. Abourachid 《British poultry science》1993,34(5):887-898
1. The parameters used for the mechanics of standing in birds are defined and compared for two strains of turkeys, a giant, broad‐breasted strain (up to 40 kg), the result of artificial selection, and a traditional, smaller bird (9 kg), in order to show whether the mechanics of standing are modified by selection.
2. Using a geometrical similarity hypothesis, it was found that, although the locomotor apparatus of both strains are similar, the stresses on the pelvic muscles of broad‐breasted turkeys are increased. This is induced by the anterior position of the centres of gravity of their trunks, the result of selected pectoral hypertrophy.
3. The modification to the mechanics of standing may be related to the increase in locomotor disease in strains of giant turkeys. 相似文献
16.
The left and right antitrochanters of 80 female turkeys of four strains were examined for histopathological changes at sexual maturity. Ten birds of each strain were fed ad libitum and 10 restricted to achieve 0.6 of the bodyweight of the ad libitum fed birds at 24 weeks old when the birds were photostimulated. Bodyweights at sexual maturity (28 to 31 weeks) for the four strains were 5.4, 6.5, 7.6 and 13.2 kg for restricted and 7.5, 9.0, 11.1 and 17.1 kg for ad libitum fed birds. The prevalence and severity of cartilage change increased with mature size and was lower in restricted turkeys then in turkeys fed ad libitum. The results showed that abnormal cartilage changes forming the basis of clinical disease occur in females. The prevalence and severity of lesions were directly related to bodyweight and were not limited to particular genotypes. Lesions were more severe in the centre of the antitrochanter, possibly because of forces exerted by the trochanter. Concentrations of basophilic cells in the hyaline cartilage were associated with the increased prevalence and severity of lesions in large turkeys and may be of significance in the development of osteochondrotic lesions in the antitrochanter. 相似文献
17.
A progressive neurological disease affecting twenty-two young adult dogs of smaller breeds is reported. The disease was most often acute in onset and the neurological signs included cervical pain, seizures, behavioural changes, ataxia, head tilt, muscle tremor and paresis. The lesions were those of a disseminated granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis in which perivascular cuffs of macrophages and lymphoid cells were the predominant finding. Severe lesions were most often seen in the cerebral white matter although the brain stem, mid-brain and spinal cord were also commonly affected. 相似文献
18.
During the summer of 1981, a respiratory disease epidemic occurred in turkeys in Brittany, France. Since this initial epizootic, which lasted through fall, epizootic waves similar to the initial one have occurred at approximately 6-month intervals, with smaller peaks at 2-month intervals. The epidemiology, clinical signs, and postmortem findings were highly suggestive of an epizootic of chlamydiosis. Serological tests for chlamydia, paramyxoviruses, avian influenza, adenovirus 127, mycoplasma, and Alcaligenes faecalis were conducted. The chlamydia tests were the only ones consistently positive. 相似文献
19.
AIMS: To determine the clinical and pathological features of a neurological disease syndrome in a free-living possum population in New Zealand and to compare this syndrome with wobbly possum disease. METHODS: An outbreak of a neurological disease in possums in the Rotorua district was investigated in 1994. A variety of tissues was collected and investigated microbiologically and histopathologically. Tissues stored from clinically affected possums were homogenised, clarified and inoculated into healthy possums by the intra-peritoneal route. The clinical signs and histopathological lesions in naturally-infected and in experimentally-inoculated possums were assessed and compared with those of possums affected with wobbly possum disease. RESULTS: Histopathological investigation of three of the naturally-affected possums revealed non-suppurative encephalitis with perivascular cuffing, diffuse non-suppurative meningitis and focal non-suppurative myocarditis. These lesions were suggestive of a viral infection. No pathogenic bacteria were recovered and no viruses were isolated in tissue culture. A neurological disease, indistinguishable from wobbly possum disease, was reproduced in five out of the eight experimentally inoculated possums. In two experimental cases the clinical signs were very mild and, in most cases of the natural and experimental disease, histopathological lesions in the central nervous system were mild in comparison with wobbly possum disease. Possums which did not develop clinical signs of neurological disease or have lesions in the central nervous system did have infiltrations of mononuclear inflammatory cells in the liver and kidney. CONCLUSIONS: This neurological disease, reported for the first time in a free-living population, closely resembles and may be the same as wobbly possum disease. The milder nature of this disease could suggest there may be more than one strain of the aetiological agent. 相似文献