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1.
Two types of olfactory hairs and three types of olfactory receptor neurons (ORN) have been characterized on the antennae of male Sesamia nonagrioides Lef for the first time. Type A sensilla housed a cell which fired large spikes in response to (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:Ac), the major component of the sex pheromone, and a second cell firing smaller spikes in response to (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16:Ald), a minor component of the pheromone blend. Type B sensilla housed one cell firing large spikes to Z11-16:Ac and a cell firing smaller spikes to another minor component of the pheromone blend, (Z)-11-hexadecenyl alcohol (Z11-16:OH). No cell responding to dodecyl acetate, another minor component of the natural extract, was found. Fluorinated ketones were tested as inhibitors of the cell responses to pheromone compounds. The fluorinated derivatives tested, (Z)-11-hexadecenyl trifluoromethyl ketone (Z11-16:TFMK), n-hexadecyl trifluoromethyl ketone (16:TFMK), (Z,E)-9,11-tetradecadienyl trifluoromethyl ketone (Z9,E11-14:TFMK), 3-octylthio-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-one (OTFP), (Z)-11-tetradecenyl trifluoromethyl ketone (Z11-11:TFMK) and 1,1-difluoro-(Z)-11-hexadecenyl methyl ketone (Z11-16:DFMK), had no or only weak excitatory effects. However, the neuron responses to the pheromone compounds were significantly decreased in the presence of a constant stimulation with Z11-16:TFMK and the effect was reversible. The latencies of the responses to the acetate and aldehyde cells were significantly increased. The effects were not specific, since Z11-16:TFMK also inhibited the responses of the ORNs of Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. Correspondingly, Z9,E11-14:TFMK, an analogue of the main component of the pheromone of this latter insect, inhibited responses of S nonagrioides ORNs. Implications of these results on the utilization of Z11-16:TFMK as a communication disruptant are discussed. 相似文献
2.
本文在风洞中模拟形成高浓度性信息素Z7-12:Ac、Z9-14:Ac和 Z11-16:Ac 环境,研究草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith)的求偶和交配行为,为进一步开发交配干扰技术提供技术参数和依据。研究结果表明,在高剂量性信息素环境下,草地贪夜蛾雄蛾的暗期活动时间延后,而雌蛾的活动节律则没有变化,雌雄蛾之间产生了活动节律的时间差。同时,雌雄交配率和交配持续时间显著下降,交配日龄则显著延迟2 d。由于交配日龄延迟,产卵量及其孵化率也相应降低。性信息素喷射时间间隔对草地贪夜蛾性信息素释放滴度有显著影响,当间隔时间为5、10、20 min时,雌蛾释放的性信息素滴度显著下降,以5 min为最低。因此,高剂量性信息素环境不仅影响雄蛾对性信息素的定向,对雌雄蛾间化学通讯和交配也有显著影响。 相似文献
3.
Inhibition of pheromone response in Sesamia nonagrioides by the pheromone of the sympatric corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sesamia nonagrioides Lef. and Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübn.) are two corn borers present in the Mediterranean area that share a similar feeding habitat. The female sex pheromones of the two species consist of (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate, (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol, (Z)-11-hexadecenal and dodecyl acetate (77:8:10:5 w/w) and (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (97:3 w/w) respectively. Although the pheromones share no common components, previous work had shown the inhibition of the response by O. nubilalis males to their own pheromone owing to the presence of S. nonagrioides pheromone. In this study, the pheromone of O. nubilalis and its two components separately were shown to inhibit the attraction of S. nonagrioides males to the synthetic female pheromone in both laboratory wind-tunnel bioassay and field trapping studies. In the wind tunnel, the number of contacts of S. nonagrioides males with the source were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by the single pheromone components of O. nubilalis. In the field, the addition of 1% of O. nubilalis pheromone significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the catches of S. nonagrioides males. The components of both pheromones also elicited electroantennographic responses from antennae of male S. nonagrioides moths. The ecological consequences and the possibilities of applying this cross-inhibition for mating disruption techniques are discussed. 相似文献
4.
银锭夜蛾Macdunnoughia crassisigna Warren是豆类作物和十字花科蔬菜上重要的食叶性害虫。因其具有暴食性，迁飞性等特点，逐渐成为东北、华北地区重要的农业害虫。由于缺乏有效的绿色防控技术，目前化学农药仍是防控银锭夜蛾有效的方法之一。为提高银锭夜蛾的防治效果，以银锭夜蛾性信息素主要成分顺-7-十二碳烯乙酸酯（Z7-12：Ac）、顺-9-十四碳烯乙酸酯（Z9-14：Ac）为母体结构，通过酯化反应得到结构新颖的类似物14个，结构经GC-MS、1H NMR、13C NMR和HR-MS确证。触角电生理试验（EAG）表明，有11个类似物具有较好的EAG反应。EAG抑制试验发现，类似物4、13和14具有明显的抑制效果。在100 μg剂量下，类似物4对Z7-12：Ac的抑制率达50.2%。风洞试验表明，当添加1500 μg的类似物4时，对银锭夜蛾的干扰尤为显著，没有成虫到达诱芯。田间试验表明，类似物4具有潜在的抑制活性，当添加150、1500 μg的类似物4时，平均诱捕量与性信息素存在显著性差异，抑制率分别为56.90%、59.34%。研究结果有助于揭示性信息素拮抗剂对银锭夜蛾种内化学通讯调控方式，为银锭夜蛾绿色防控技术提供新的思路与手段。 相似文献
5.
甜菜夜蛾性信息素组分的鉴定及其田间试验 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
采用气相色谱仪(GC)及气质联用仪(GC-MS)等技术对我国甜菜夜蛾性信息素组分的鉴定结果表明,雌蛾性信息素腺体中含有4种组分,分别为Z9,E12-14:Ac(A)、Z9-14:OH(B)、Z9-14:Ac(C)和Z9,E12-14:OH(D);田间和室内种群各组分的比例(A:B:C:D)分别为47:18:18:17和43:18:23:16,比例及滴度在两种群间未有显著差异;雄蛾田间引诱测定表明,组分A、B显示性信息素活性。几种不同配比的硅橡胶塞诱芯在田间均显示极高的诱蛾活性,以9:1的AB二元诱芯(剂量100μg)最高,其诱蛾量与黑光灯相当,两者呈显著的正相关性,表明该诱芯可替代黑光灯用于甜菜夜蛾的种群测报。利用性诱捕器进行田间种群监测显示,1999年浙江省慈溪市的甜菜夜蛾共发生6代,以第4、5代发生量最高。 相似文献
6.
Muñoz L Bosch MP Batllori L Rosell G Bosch D Guerrero A Avilla J 《Pest management science》2011,67(8):956-964
BACKGROUND: Trifluoromethyl ketones (TFMKs), structurally related to the pheromones, are good inhibitors of pheromone communication in insects. To determine their activity on Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), a polyphagous pest, the authors have prepared two diunsaturated TFMK analogues of the major (3) and the minor (4) pheromone components, and two monounsaturated ones (5, 6). Their biological activity in electroantennogram (EAG), wind tunnel and field tests is presented. RESULTS: The synthetic strategy to obtain the allylic TFMKs 3 and 5 is based on the reactions of diene 10 and 1‐octadecene with trifluoroacetaldehyde ethyl hemiacetal, followed by Dess–Martin oxidation of the resulting homoallylic trifluoromethyl alcohols. In EAG, topical application of analogues 3 and 4 on male antennae significantly reduced the pheromone response. In the wind tunnel, compound 4 reduced the number of contacts with the pheromone source. In the field, traps baited with mixtures of pheromone and inhibitors captured significantly fewer males than the pheromone alone. CONCLUSION: An efficient synthesis of allylic TFMKs is reported, with good overall yield, regiospecificity and diastereoselectivity. These compounds are good inhibitors of the pheromone in electrophysiology, wind tunnel and field tests. The results show the importance of two unsaturations at positions 2 and 13 of the trifluoroacyl group in the structure of the analogues, the latter being critical for inhibitory activity. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
7.
The effects of pheromone components, pheromone dose in the dispenser, aging of dispenser in the field, and trap type on trapping efficiency of males of the honeydew moth,Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Mill.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), were investigated. At dosages of 2 or 0.2 mg, a binary blend containing (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11–16: Aid) and (Z)-13-octadecenal (Z13–18:Ald) (1:1) was as effective in attracting males as a quaternary blend containing Zll-16:Ald, (E)-11-hexadecenal (Ell-16:Ald), Z13–18:Ald and (E)-13-octadecenal (E13–18:Ald), (10:1:10:1). Within the range of 20 to 2000 μg pheromone/dispenser, response of males increased positively with the pheromone dose; however, a load of 10 or 20 mg/dispenser was significantly less attractive to males than 2 mg/dispenser. The effect of aging of the dispenser in the field on trapping efficiency was significant. Captures in traps baited with 3- and 4-week-old septa were lower than those in traps baited with 1- or 2-week-old septa. The gradual loss of attractancy exhibited by rubber septa indicates that septa should be renewed within 2-3 weeks. The release rate of the pheromone was measured in a flow system and monitored with Zl1– 16:Ald only. The emission was almost constant for 18 days and then decreased gradually until the 34th day. The nonsticky IPS trap was as effective in capturing honeydew moth males as the sticky Pherocon 1C trap. The possibility of using the nonsticky, non-saturating and easy-to-handle IPS traps may lead to better and easier monitoring of honeydew moth populations. 相似文献
8.
9.
大豆食心虫性信息素多元组分诱芯的田间引诱活性 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为探索对大豆食心虫具有更高诱捕能力的性引诱剂配方,系统研究了大豆食心虫性信息素合成化合物多元组分配方对大豆食心虫雄蛾的田间引诱活性。结果表明:一定配比的、由E10-12:Ac、E8,E10-12:Ald、E8-12:OH、E8-12:Ald、Z9-14:Ac或14:Ac与E8,E10-12:Ac组成的三元、四元及五元组分配方对大豆食心虫雄蛾的引诱活性均优于标准对照诱芯。其中,E8,E10-12:Ac与E10-12:Ac、E8-12:OH、E8,E10-12:Ald组成的四元混配诱芯对大豆食心虫的田间引诱活性显著高于标准对照诱芯,可考虑用作为防控我国大豆食心虫的新型性引诱剂。 相似文献
10.
M. Kehat A. Eitam D. Blumberg E. Dunkelblum L. Anshelevich Devora Gordon 《Phytoparasitica》1992,20(2):99-106
Field tests were carried out to determine whether pheromone traps, baited with (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate (Z9,E12-14:Ac) impregnated in rubber septa (Maavit, Israel), could provide a reliable tool for monitoring the raisin moth,Cadra figulilella (Gregson), in date palm plantations. No significant differences were detected between captures of males in traps baited with 1 or 10 mg pheromone/dispenser. However, traps baited with 1 mg pheromone captured significantly more males than those baited with 0.1 mg pheromone/dispenser. No differences were found between captures of males in traps hung at a height of 8 m (near the bunches) or 2–3 m (on palm trunks). Two peaks of male capture were detected, one in May-June and the other during September-October (ripening period). Results indicate a positive relationship between captures in traps and infestation levels by larvae. Pheromone traps baited with 1 mg Z9,E12–14:Ac impregnated in rubber septa and hung on palm trunks (at a height of 2–3 m), were very useful for monitoringC. figulilella populations and for determining the accurate timing of insecticide applications. 相似文献
11.
为了研发环境友好、缓慢释放、具有水溶性的昆虫性诱剂控制释放剂,本研究以梨小食心虫性诱剂的主要成分顺-8-十二碳烯醇乙酸酯(Z8-12:Ac)为研究对象,通过磁力搅拌法制备Z8-12:Ac与β-环糊精(β-CD)包合物;采用薄层色谱和傅里叶红外光谱法检验包合物的形成;正交试验设计确定最佳包合条件。结果表明:最佳包合条件是以水为溶剂、β-CD的质量浓度为0.044 g/m L、m(Z8-12:Ac)∶m(β-CD)=0.20∶4.0、包合反应温度为60℃和反应时间为5 h。研究结果可为研发高性能性诱剂产品以及田间应用技术提供参考。 相似文献
12.
Magi Riba Matilde Eizaguirre Albert Sans Carmen Quero Angel Guerrero 《Pest management science》1994,41(2):97-103
The electrophysiological activity of some halogenated analogues of the major component of the sex pheromone of the corn stalk borer Sesamia nonagrioides Lef. (1) is presented. The analogues comprise a series of fluoro-, chloro- and bromoacetate analogues 4 – 10 as well as trifluoromethyl ketone 11. The fluoro derivatives 4 – 6 displayed remarkable electro-antennogram (EAG) intrinsic activities in comparison with the parent acetate 1, while the remaining analogues elicited significantly lower response. The compounds have also been tested as inhibitors of the sex pheromone perception in EAG and in the field. In the laboratory. fluoro analogues 4 – 6 were better inhibitors than chloro derivatives 7 – 9 , which in turn behaved similarly to the bromoacetate 10 . Trifluoromethyl ketone 11, however, was a poor inhibitor of the pheromone action. In the field, baits of mixtures of compounds 5 – 11 with the corn stalk borer pheromone in 10 :1 ratio inhibited the concomitant attraction of the clover cutworm moth Scotogramma irifolii Rott., while the difluoro analogue 5, trichloroacetate 9 and trifluoromethyl ketone 11 also diminished the number of catches of the armyworm Mythimna unipuncta Haw. The monofluoroacetate 4. trifluoro analogue 6 and bromo derivative 10 significantly disrupted the pheromone action of the corn borer, whereas trifluoromethyl ketone 11 synergistically increased the number of males attracted to the pheromone trap alone. Addition of 11 to baits containing the corn borer pheromone caught S. nonagrioides selectively with regard to the other habitat-sharing species M. unipuncta and S. trifolii. 相似文献
13.
棉铃虫性信息素已普遍用于种群测报和防治,但其效果在不同地区不尽一致。为探讨这种不稳定性产生的原因,我们对黄河流域、长江流域及新疆地区不同地理种群棉铃虫的性信息素通讯系统进行了比较分析。就雌蛾性信息素的产生而言,连续两年的测定结果表明,性信息素腺体中2个主要组分（Z11-16：Ald和Z9-16：Ald）的含量在不同种群间变化较大,而两者间的相对比例（Z11/Z9）虽然个别种群有显著差异但幅度很小,总体被控制在狭窄的范围（97：3~92：8）;对同一地区的不同年份间进行比较,也得到了类似结果。就雄蛾对性信息素的反应,我们根据雌蛾腺体及田间常用诱芯中的Z11/Z9比例,配制99：1~90：10共4个不同比例的诱芯,在河南安阳、山东惠民和新疆昌吉进行了田间雄蛾诱捕试验。结果发现,在安阳和惠民其诱蛾量在不同比例的诱芯间无显著差异,而在昌吉地区的诱蛾量随Z11/Z9比例的降低而增高,且99：10比例的诱芯显著高于99：1的诱芯,表明新疆地区雄蛾对Z11/Z9感受的最佳比例范围更窄,且偏向于低的Z11/Z9比例。分析认为,新疆和内地棉铃虫种群在性信息素通讯系统间存在一定的差异,而内地不同种群间基本一致。研究结果为开发和使用区域针对性的棉铃虫性信息素诱芯提供了重要参考。 相似文献
14.
15.
M. Sternlicht S. Goldenberg Brenda F. Nesbitt D. R. Hall R. Lester 《Phytoparasitica》1978,6(3):101-113
The synthetic female sex pheromone ofPrays citri, (Z)-7-tetradecenal, proved to be highly attractive to male moths in the field when released from a variety of dispensers in five different designs of sticky trap. When the pheromone was released from impregnated polyethylene vials, a wide range of initial loadings from 10 μg to 20 mg was attractive, and loadings of 40 μg and above were more attractive than a virgin female moth. Initial loadings of 0.5 mg and 1.0 mg remained attractive for at least five months in the field. Release rates of pheromone from the polyethylene vials under constant laboratory conditions were measured for two different initial loadings. Other isomers of the pheromone and a pheromone ‘mimic’, (Z)-5-dodecenyl formate, were unattractive to male moths and did not affect the attractiveness of the synthetic pheromone or of a virgin female moth. 相似文献
16.
G. M. G. Zilahi‐Balogh N. P. D. Angerilli J. H. Borden M. Meray D. Sembel 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):201-204
Trap captures with two‐ and three‐component blends of synthetic sex pheromone for the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), were assessed in Indonesia. In West Java, the two‐component blend containing 10g of (Z)‐11‐hexadecen‐1‐ol acetate and (Z)‐11‐hexadecena| in a 4:6 ratio captured the greatest number of diamondback moths. Three and five virgin females were more attractive than the two‐component lures, which were as attractive as lures that also contained (Z)‐9‐tetradecen‐1‐ol acetate. In North Sulawesi, a 100 g dose of the two‐component blend attracted more males than the 10 g dose but was not significantly more potent than five virgin females. These results suggests that pheromone production and bioactivity should be assessed in separate populations prior to attempts to develop pheromone‐based monitoring or mating disruption programmes. 相似文献
17.
Toshio Nagai 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1983,19(3):291-298
The electroantennogram (EAG) responses of male moths of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) to locally applied pheromone, (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate, were studied with multiple electrodes. The amplitude of the locally elicited EAG was different depending on the stimulated point and also on the recorded locus, and a gradient in the amplitude was observed along the antennal axis. The locally stimulated region responded as a local negative deflection relative to the resting region, and the response spread from the stimulated point in an asymmetric way, more effectively in the proximal direction than in the distal direction. A possible mechanism of the local EAG spread is discussed. 相似文献
18.
亚致死剂量溴氰菊酯对亚洲玉米螟雄蛾性信息素通讯行为的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用亚致死剂量溴氰菊酯处理亚洲玉米螟雄蛾后,存活雄蛾对信息素定向行为反应受到较大的影响。雄蛾的起飞潜伏期延长,不应率增加,到达诱芯率大幅度下降。反应下降程度与剂量的相关性显著。以雄蛾的行为反应率机率值(Z)对药剂处理剂量对数(X)和处理天数(Y)进行二元回归分析,回归方程分别为:起飞:Z=6.979-6.559X 0.162Y;定向:Z=5.258-2.611X-0.039Y;逆飞:Z=4.982-2.457X-0.061Y;到达:Z=3.399-1.011X 0.168Y。 相似文献
19.
The effects of field aging (0–28 days) and pheromone loading rate on the longevity of red rubber septa loaded with the sex
pheromone blend of the oriental fruit mothGrapholita molesta (Busck), were evaluated in North Carolina apple orchards in 2002. Separate field tests examined the influence of trap height
and pheromone loading rate of rubber septa on trap catches of adultG. molesta males in an abandoned orchard. The loss of the major pheromone component, (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate (Z8–12:OAc), from red rubber
septa over a 4-week period exhibited a relatively constant release rate with 30, 100 and 300 μg pheromone. Trap catch was
significantly higher in pheromone traps placed in the upper canopy than in those in the lower canopy. Pheromone traps baited
with 100μg lures caught more moths compared with those loaded with 300 μg. There was no apparent relationship between pheromone
trap catch and septa age, with trap catch appearing to be primarily a function ofG. molesta population density.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 14, 2006. 相似文献
20.
Toshio Nagai 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1985,24(1):32-39
Summation and gradient characteristics of the electroantennogram (EAG) responses of male moths of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilatis) to their pheromone, (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate, were studied. Direct evidence that the summation of the locally elicited EAGs contribute to the overall response amplitude is presented; if two simultaneously stimulated loci were separated by more than 1 mm, the observed response was the summation of the two independent local EAGs. Configuration of the local EAG response was obtained at various loci of the antenna. It was demonstrated that a gradient in the amplitude of the local EAG exists along the antennal axis and that this gradient has its origin in the epithelial layer of the antenna. Several possible morphological and physiological factors affecting the response characteristics were considered. 相似文献