共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Lymphocyte motility is vital for trafficking within lymphoid organs and for initiating contact with antigen-presenting cells. Visualization of these processes has previously been limited to in vitro systems. We describe the use of two-photon laser microscopy to image the dynamic behavior of individual living lymphocytes deep within intact lymph nodes. In their native environment, T cells achieved peak velocities of more than 25 micrometers per minute, displaying a motility coefficient that is five to six times that of B cells. Antigenic challenge changed T cell trajectories from random walks to "swarms" and stable clusters. Real-time two-photon imaging reveals lymphocyte behaviors that are fundamental to the initiation of the immune response. 相似文献
2.
Newly formed small lymphocytes with a short life-span in the blood are the only cells from thoracic duct lymph which accumulate in acutely inflamed tissue. This conclusion is drawn from studies in which rats with induced peritonieal exudates were injected intravenously with radioactively labeled thoracic duct cells. Radioactivity, originally vested in newly formed donor small lymphocytes, was found later in a small number of similar exudate cells. Small lymphocytes generated 10 days or more before the thoracic ducts were cannulated failed to localize in peritoneal exudates, although the cells moved in large numbers from the blood in to lymph nodes. 相似文献
3.
Lymphocytes: circulation altered by trypsin 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
Rat thoracic duct lymphocytes altered by trypsin in vitro do not circulate normally. At early intervals after transfusion of lymphocytes labeled with chromium-51 selective accumulation of radioactivity in the lymph nodes is abolished, while uptake in the spleen is not reduced. Later, the cells appear to "home" to lymph nodes and recirculate to the lymph. 相似文献
4.
Anti-idiotypic network induced by T cell vaccination against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis 总被引：36，自引：0，他引：36
In a study of the mechanism of resistance to autoimmune disease induced by T cell vaccination, rats were vaccinated against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by injecting them once in the hind footpads with a subencephalitogenic dose (10(4)) of a clone of T lymphocytes specific for myelin basic protein (BP). The response to vaccination was assayed by challenging the rats with an encephalitogenic dose (3 X 10(6)) of T lymphocytes of this BP-specific clone. Five to six days after vaccination, the cells responsible for mediating resistance to adoptively transferred EAE were concentrated in the popliteal lymph nodes draining the vaccination site. Transfer of the draining lymph node cells to unvaccinated rats led to loss of resistance in the donor rats and acquisition of resistance by the recipient rats. Limiting-dilution cultures of the draining lymph node cells were established with irradiated cells of the BP-specific clone as stimulators. Two sets of T lymphocytes specifically responsive to the BP-specific T cells from the clone were isolated: CD4+CD8- helper and CD4-CD8+ suppressor cells. The helper T cells, like the BP antigen, specifically stimulated the BP-specific vaccinating clone. In contrast, the suppressor T cells specifically suppressed the response of the BP-specific vaccinating clone to its BP antigen. These results suggest that T cell vaccination induces resistance to autoimmune disease by activating an antiidiotypic network. 相似文献
5.
Allan RS Smith CM Belz GT van Lint AL Wakim LM Heath WR Carbone FR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5641):1925-1928
The classical paradigm for dendritic cell function derives from the study of Langerhans cells, which predominate within skin epidermis. After an encounter with foreign agents, Langerhans cells are thought to migrate to draining lymph nodes, where they initiate T cell priming. Contrary to this, we show here that infection of murine epidermis by herpes simplex virus did not result in the priming of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by Langerhans cells. Rather, the priming response required a distinct CD8alpha+ dendritic cell subset. Thus, the traditional view of Langerhans cells in epidermal immunity needs to be revisited to accommodate a requirement for other dendritic cells in this response. 相似文献
6.
Involvement of sialic acid on endothelial cells in organ-specific lymphocyte recirculation 总被引：38，自引：0，他引：38
Mouse lymphocytes incubated on cryostat-cut sections of lymphoid organs (lymph nodes and Peyer's patches) specifically adhere to the endothelium of high endothelial venules (HEV), the specialized blood vessels to which recirculating lymphocytes attach as they migrate from the blood into the parenchyma of the lymphoid organs. Treatment of sections with sialidase eliminated the binding of lymphocytes to peripheral lymph node HEV, had no effect on binding to Peyer's patch HEV, and had an intermediate effect on mesenteric lymph node HEV. These results suggest that sialic acid on endothelial cells may be an organ-specific recognition determinant for lymphocyte attachment. 相似文献
7.
Autoimmunity arises when immune tolerance to specific self-antigens is broken. The mechanisms leading to such a failure remain poorly understood. One hypothesis proposes that infectious agents or antigens can break B or T lymphocyte self-tolerance by expressing epitopes that mimic self. Using a transgenic immunoglobulin model, we show that challenge with self-mimicking foreign antigen rescues B cells from peripheral tolerance independent of T cell help, resulting in the accumulation of self-reactive cells in the lymph nodes and secretion of immunoglobulins that bind to a liver-expressed self-antigen. Therefore, our studies reveal a potentially important mechanism by which B lymphocytes can escape self-tolerance. 相似文献
8.
周志勇 《东北农业大学学报》1986,(4)
以弓形虫强毒株静脉接种2—3月龄仔猪的结果表明,仔猪感染弓形虫强毒株后,淋巴结的动态病理过程表现为单纯性、坏死性和增生性淋巴结炎的变化规律,并可见肺门淋巴结损伤较其他淋巴器官为重。在疾病经过的严重期,淋巴结、脾、胸腺和骨髓的淋巴细胞数量均显著减少,同时,淋巴细胞的超微结构发生由胞膜突起、凹陷和断裂到染色质的聚集、崩解等不同程度的质的改变。从免疫形态学上表明,在恢复期病例,体内出现了体液免疫和细胞免疫。文中还详细描述了巨噬细胞与虫体的相互作用在不同阶段细胞超微结构变化特点,以及巨噬细胞、浆细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞等免疫活性细胞的消长规律。 相似文献
9.
2006年12月初,大庆某绒山羊养殖场发现,数只绒山羊羔出现跛足、运动失调和后肢麻痹、头痉挛,有时做转圈运动,确诊为山羊关节炎-脑炎。对脑组织、淋巴结和脾脏进行病理学观察发现:脑组织可见不对称性褐色-粉红色肿胀区并压迫邻近组织,有脑软化,淋巴结和脾脏稍肿大;同时,镜下可见脑脊髓炎,脑组织水肿神经细胞肿胀或萎缩,神经细胞与周围组织间隙增大;胞核肿胀或固缩;神经纤维有程度不等的脱髓鞘;毛细血管充血,有较多的淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浸润;脾脏可见白髓萎缩,少量细胞坏死;淋巴结中淋巴组织增生,有小灶状坏死。 相似文献
10.
T cell immune responses begin within organized lymphoid tissues. The pace, topology, and outcomes of the cellular interactions that underlie these responses have, so far, been inferred from static imaging of sectioned tissue or from studies of cultured cells. Here we report dynamic visualization of antigen-specific T cells interacting with dendritic cells within intact explanted lymph nodes. We observed immunological synapse formation and prolonged interactions between these two cell types, followed by the activation, dissociation, and rapid migration of T cells away from the antigenic stimulus. This high-resolution spatiotemporal analysis provides insight into the nature of cell interactions critical to early immune responses within lymphoid structures. 相似文献
11.
Serological identification of an Ir-region product 总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27
Reciprocal immunization of congenic lines differing in the middle portion of the H-2 complex leads to the production of antibodies which react with an antigen or antigens controlled by the Ir region. The antigen designated Ir-1.1 seems to be present only on a subpopulation of lymphocytes from lymph nodes and spleen. It is absent on bone marrow cells. 相似文献
12.
本试验用9头犊黄牛皮接种10^8个弓形虫速殖子，另用两头做对照；犊牛分别于接种后第3、6和12天剖检，每次3头。剖检后分别对其主要淋巴器官进行肉眼、光镜和电镜观察，结果表明：弓形虫能引起试验牛的淋巴结和脾脏明显的病理变化。其病变现程发展分别表现为单纯性淋巴结炎和脾炎、坏死性淋巴结炎和脾炎及增生性淋巴结炎和脾炎；浸润的细胞以嗜酸性粒细胞为主。在所检淋巴器官中，以门淋巴结病变最严重。胸腺在初、中期以皮质淋巴细胞减少和大量嗜酸性粒细胞浸润为特征。因而表明弓形虫对宿主淋巴结、脾脏及胸腺等免疫器官有广泛的毒害作用。 相似文献
13.
Autosensitization of lymphocytes against thymus reticulum cells 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Lymph nodes of normal rats contain lymphocytes that can be induced in vitro to mediate a specific cellular immune reaction against reticulum cells derived from syngeneic adult thymus glands. It is likely that these lymphocytes had access to reticulum cell antigens during the period in which they developed immunocompetence within the thymus. This suggests that contact with self-antigens during development may not eliminate self-reactive lymphocytes. These findings are in conflict with the theory that natural tolerance to self-antigens depends upon elimination of lymphocyte clones. 相似文献
14.
本文主要研究了雏鸡 ND 免疫后免疫中枢器官(法氏囊、胸腺)、外周免疫器官(脾脏)以及消化道和呼吸道相关的局部免疫组织(盲肠扁桃体、丕氏斑、十二指肠粘膜和肺支气管粘膜淋巴组织、哈德尔腺)中浆细胞,TANAE~+,MΦ,淋巴细胞数的变化。结果表明,ND 免疫后免疫器官组织的体液免疫和细胞免疫应答均增强。 相似文献
15.
Benvenuti F Hugues S Walmsley M Ruf S Fetler L Popoff M Tybulewicz VL Amigorena S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5687):1150-1153
Upon maturation, dendritic cells (DCs) acquire the unique ability to activate na?ve T cells. We used time-lapse video microscopy and two-photon imaging of intact lymph nodes to show that after establishing initial contact between their dendrites and na?ve T lymphocytes, mature DCs migrate toward the contacted lymphocytes. Subsequently, the DCs tightly entrap the T cells within a complex net of membrane extensions. The Rho family guanosine triphosphatases Rac1 and Rac2 but not Rho itself control the formation of dendrites in mature DCs, their polarized short-range migration toward T cells, and T cell priming. 相似文献
16.
Virus Location and Lymphocyte Apoptosis in Lymph Nodes of Piglets Infected with PCV-2 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
SHI Lü-juan 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2008,7(4):507-512
The present study has been performed to understand the location of the virus, type of apoptotic cells, and their relation to lymph nodes of piglets infected with porcine circovirus type Ⅱ （PCV-2）. Nine 32-day-old conventional piglets free of infection with PCV-2 were used, and distributed into three groups： control group （n = 3）, piglets inoculated with PCV-2 alone （PCV-2, n = 3）, and PCV-2 inoculated and KLH immunostimulated group （PCV-2 ＋ KLH, n = 3）. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes from all piglets were collected for histological examination after 32 days postinoculation, and immunohistochemistry for PCV-2 detection. Location of apoptotic cells was detected with TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） and cell cycle, and the apoptotic rates were measured by flow cytometry. The characteristic histopathological lesions of the piglets in PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH were lymphocyte depletions in the cortex and paracortex of the lymph nodes, epithelioid-like macrophage infiltration, and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies presented in epithelioid-like macrophages. PCV-2 was mainly found in epithelioid-like macrophages by immunohistochemistry. In the lymph nodes, lymphocytes presented higher apoptotic rates in the cortex by TUNEL, special B-cell areas, and similar apoptotic cells were found in this compartment in the control. The apoptotic rates of the lymph nodes were 0.41, 3.34, and 4.88% in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH groups by flow cytometry, respectively. The apoptotic rates of lymph nodes for PCV-2 and PCV-2 ＋ KLH piglets were significantly higher than those for the control group （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01）. The proliferation index （PI） was 0.17_＋0.01, 0.12_＋0.01 and 0.12_＋0.04 in the control, PCV-2, and PCV-2 ＋ KLH group, the PI of the control group was higher than that of the other groups, but without the statistical difference. PCV-2 can induce lymphocyte depletion in lymph nodes of piglets by blocking cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. This is one o 相似文献
17.
为探讨猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV2)感染仔猪的淋巴结和脾脏淋巴细胞内钙信号变化在细胞凋亡中的作用,选取19头PCV2抗原和抗体均为阴性的5周龄健康断奶仔猪,随机分成对照组(4头)和试验组(15头),试验组仔猪通过滴鼻接种PCV2,并于接种后14、21和35 d分别扑杀5头,对照组仔猪滴鼻同量PBS后当天扑杀。所有仔猪扑杀时均取腹股沟淋巴结及脾脏,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,荧光分光光度法检测细胞内Ca2+浓度,孔雀绿比色测定法检测Ca2+-ATP酶的活性,荧光定量RT-PCR检测钙/钙调素依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ)mRNA转录水平。结果表明:所有接种病毒仔猪腹股沟淋巴结及脾脏细胞凋亡率均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),Ca2+浓度均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);接种病毒仔猪腹股沟淋巴结Ca2+-ATP酶活性在21 d时显著下降(P<0.05),脾脏中Ca2+-ATP酶活性在21 d和35 d时显著下降(P<0.05);腹股沟淋巴结CaMKⅡmRNA转录在整个试验过程中无明显变化,但脾脏中CaMKⅡmRNA在PCV2接种后21 d和35 d比对照组显著上调(P<0.05)。结论:细胞内Ca2+超载是PCV2感染引起仔猪淋巴结及脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡的重要机制。 相似文献
18.
M C Cohen P T Picciano W J Douglas T Yoshida D L Kreutzer S Cohen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,215(4530):301-303
Many of the reactions of cellular immunity are mediated by soluble lymphocyte-derived factors (lymphokines). One important category of lymphokine action involves effects on cell motility. These effects have been described mainly with respect to inflammatory cells. In this report, we describe the ability of a lymphocyte product to inhibit the migration of endothelial cells in a system in vitro. The responsible factor is distinct from a previously described mediator that inhibits the migration of tumor cells. The ability of lymphocytes to influence the migration properties of endothelial cells is consistent with data of others showing a relation between the immune system and processes involving neovascularization. 相似文献
19.
本实验研究了 Lasota 疫菌点眼、滴鼻免疫21日龄火鸡后,其胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏中免疫细胞的变化。结果表明,免疫火鸡中枢和外周免疫器官的浆细胞、酯酶阳性 T 细胞和淋巴细胞显著增多,巨噬细胞程度不同地增加;脾脏淋巴小结直径增大,数量上升;说明免疫器官不仅体免疫应答明显加强,而且细胞免疫反应也显著增强。78日龄 ND 强毒攻击后,免疫火鸡免疫器官的上述免疫细胞进一步增多,细胞免疫和体液免疫反应进一步增强,全部获得免疫保护;而对照火鸡免疫细胞数量锐减,呈现细胞免疫和体液免疫机能衰竭,全部发病死亡。 相似文献
20.
Transmigration of lymph nodes by tumor cells 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
When either V2, Brown-Pearce, or Walker tumor cells were perfused at low pressure into the afferent lymphatic of popliteal lymph nodes or were injected into the foot pads of rabbits, they rapidly appeared in lymph draining from the node. This finding indicates that lymph nodes are not the effective barrier to dissemination of tumor cells they had previously been assumed to be. 相似文献