首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
猪的盆腔动脉解剖,近年来国内外虽有过报道,但用X光造影对照解剖,还不多见。通过一头母猪的X线照相解剖所见,该猪髂内动脉的分支分布与文献记载的有所不同。材料和方法 20公斤体重白色杂交母猪1头,用5%戊巴比妥钠20ml静注作全身麻醉,而后在胸腰交界处将躯体切截成前后两段;从腹主动脉内先注入20%硫酸钡80ml,继之注入30%硫酸钡60ml,结扎好注射口,置低温冰箱内冰冻。冰冻后将后躯沿腹白线略偏左作矢状锯成左右两半(将降结肠、直肠、膀胱、子宫等器官完整的存留在右侧),选右半作X光侧位拍片(封底照片);事后将其浸泡在10%福尔马林溶液内固定,以待解剖。  相似文献   

2.
观察了5例山羊舌尖、舌体腹侧和舌根背、腹侧面的淋巴流向。舌前半部的淋巴管主要输入咽后外侧淋巴结,舌后半部的淋巴管主要输入咽后内侧淋巴结,同一个体舌左、右侧淋巴流向有差异。咽后外侧淋巴结或咽后内侧淋巴结的输出淋巴管形成气管淋巴干,汇入颈深后淋巴结。  相似文献   

3.
将加有红色颜料的乳胶注入狗的脊髓动脉,肉眼观察脊髓外部动脉的分布。结果表明:脊髓外部动脉包括伸延于脊髓腹正中裂内的脊髓腹侧动脉和沿脊髓背外侧沟分布的两条脊髓背外侧动脉。自上述脊髓动脉发出分支分布于脊髓表面,即脊髓周缘支。周缘支互相吻合,形成脊髓表面的动脉网。动脉网的分支穿入脊髓内部,供应深部结构。脊髓背外侧动脉也直接发出穿支,深入脊髓。脊髓腹侧动脉向腹正中裂中发出沟动脉,沟动脉分支再穿入脊髓内部。脊髓背外侧动脉和脊髓腹侧动脉由来自枕动脉、椎动脉、颈深动脉、胸背动脉、肋间动脉、腰动脉和荐外侧动脉的脊髓支一根动脉分支构成。构成类型有多种形式。本文还将狗脊髓动脉的分布特征与人类脊髓动脉的分布特征进行了比较和讨论。  相似文献   

4.
小型猪脊髓动脉解剖   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
 利用乳胶灌注法灌注中国实验用小型猪共10头,制作出小型猪脊髓动脉铸型8个。肉眼及解剖显微镜下观察,结果如下:小型猪脊髓的固有动脉包括两条脊髓背外侧动脉和一条脊髓腹侧动脉。脊髓背外侧动脉和脊髓腹侧动脉分别由根动脉的背支和腹支构成。根动脉分别自枕动脉、椎动脉、颈深动脉、肋颈动脉、肋间动脉、腰动脉、荐外侧动脉和尾动脉发出。脊髓背外侧动脉前接小脑后动脉,沿脊髓背外侧沟向后延伸达脊髓圆锥。脊髓腹侧动脉,前接脑基底动脉,在脊髓腹正中裂内延伸达脊髓终丝处。根动脉有4种分支类型。根动脉腹支与脊髓腹侧动脉的连接形式有8种。从脊髓背侧动脉和脊髓腹侧动脉分别发出周缘支,相邻周缘支互相吻合成网,自该动脉上再发出穿(质)支入脊髓实质内。脊髓腹侧动脉的胸前段为双干。  相似文献   

5.
26例仔猪肺经肺实质和肺胸膜下注射30%普鲁士蓝氯仿溶液、剖查其器官内淋巴管及淋巴流向。结果表明猪肺的器官内淋巴管有浅淋巴管和深淋巴管2种。左肺前叶淋巴管分别注入左支气管肺淋巴结和气管支气管左淋巴结,左肺后叶淋巴管注入气管支气管中淋巴结和纵隔后淋巴结;右肺前叶淋巴管注入右支气管肺淋巴结和气管支气管前淋巴结,右肺中叶淋巴管注入右支气管肺淋巴结和气管支气管右淋巴结,右肺后叶淋巴管注入气管支气管右淋巴结、气管支气管中淋巴结和纵隔后淋巴结,右肺副叶淋巴管注入右支气管肺淋巴结和气管支气管中淋巴结。  相似文献   

6.
解剖了三支大猫熊的心神经。观察了心神经的发出部位及其分布。右侧的迷走神经心支,接受返神经的心支和推神经节的腹侧心支后入心包,分支入主动脉及肺动脉再分支入左右冠状丛。另一椎神经节的心支入右心房壁。左侧速走神神经心支,椎神经节心支及颈胸神经节的心支常互相交通。主要分布到主动脉弓,食管,气管及右肺动脉。左侧返神经的心支入心包及左心房内侧壁。大猫熊的心神经与家畜中马、牛、羊猪、狗的比较均有不同。大猫熊的冠状从,主要来自右侧心神经,而家畜多来自左侧或两侧。  相似文献   

7.
本文观察了五例大猫熊的荐部交感神经干。干位于腹侧荐孔的内侧,荐中动脉的两侧。干内常有三对荐神经节。节间支都是单一的。三节中每节都有与荐神经的交通支。左右二干间有横交通支。自第1、2荐神经节出分支加入盆神经丛。有的自第2、3荐段有强大分支直入盆神经丛。  相似文献   

8.
将明胶墨汁溶液注入到15例狗脊髓动脉系统内,观察其灰质内动脉构筑,结果如下:供应脊髓灰质内的动脉分别自脊髓背外侧动脉、沟动脉和周缘支发出。背角内侧动脉和背角外侧动脉分布于背角的头和颈部。中间外侧动脉发出分支到灰质侧角。供应灰质腹角的动脉有腹角外侧、腹侧和内侧动脉。中间内侧动脉分布于灰质中间带的内侧2/3。背连合动脉供应背侧灰质连合。在中央管两侧各有一条中央管旁动脉,纵向将各沟连合动脉串连一起。分布于灰质内的相邻各动脉间均存在吻合,构成灰质内动脉网。  相似文献   

9.
用乳胶灌注北京鸭脊髓动脉10例,肉眼及解剖镜下观察。得到结果如下:供应北京鸭脊髓的动脉有:脊髓腹侧动脉1条、脊髓背外侧动脉2条和脊髓背正中动脉1条。脊髓腹侧动脉最粗大,伸延于脊髓全长,前端接脑基底动脉,伸延途中得到根动脉腹侧支的加强。在颈段,脊髓腹侧动脉为双干。脊髓背外侧动脉较细小,前面接小脑后动脉,途中由背侧根动脉加强,该动脉伸延于脊髓全长。脊髓背正中动脉位于脊髓的背正中沟内,只伸延于 C_(12)~L_1节段范围内。根动脉由枕动脉、椎动脉升支、椎动脉降支、肋间动脉、腰动脉、荐动脉和尾动脉发出。根动脉沿脊神经根入椎管,分为腹侧支和背侧支。根动脉腹侧支与脊髓腹侧动脉相联结的形式在不同节段不同。两条脊髓背外侧动脉间由交通支相连。供应脊髓内部的血液由发自于脊髓腹侧动脉的沟动脉、周缘动脉和发自于脊髓背侧动脉的周缘动脉的穿质支供给。  相似文献   

10.
用乳胶灌注北京鸭脊髓动脉10例,肉眼及解剖镜下观察,得到结果如下:供应北京鸭脊髓的动脉有:脊髓腹侧动脉1条、脊髓背外侧动脉2条和脊髓背正中动脉1条。脊髓腹侧动脉最粒大,伸延于脊髓全长,前接脑基底动脉,伸延途中得到根动脉腹支的加强,在颈段,脊髓腹侧动脉为双干。脊髓外侧动脉较细小,前面接小脑后动脉,途中由背侧根动脉加强,该动脉伸延于脊髓全长。脊髓背正中动脉位于脊髓的背正中沟内,只伸延于C12-L1节段范围内。根动脉由枕动脉、椎动脉升支、椎动脉降支、肋间动脉、腰动脉、荐动脉和尾动脉发出。根动脉沿脊神经根入椎管,分为腹侧支和背侧支。根动脉腹侧支与脊髓 腹侧动脉相联结的形式在不同节段不同。两条脊髓背外侧动脉间由交通支相连。供应脊髓内部的血液由发自于脊髓腹侧动脉的沟动脉、周缘动脉和发自于脊髓背侧动脉的周缘动脉的穿质支供给。  相似文献   

11.
观察测量屠宰肉尸452头,其中440头为有无腹股沟深淋巴结的形态学观察;10头为后躯被检淋巴结的形态学观察;2头为管道注射,观察引流区。结果:1.猪有腹股沟深淋巴结,在统计230头,460例肉尸中,有24头存在,占10.43%。腹股沟深淋巴结平均重0.88±0.38克,平均大小为2.82±0.70×1.64±0.36×0.47±0.13厘米;汇集股部内侧和下腹部的淋巴液,注入髂内侧淋巴结。2.髂内侧淋巴结平均重1.87±0.71克,平均大小为3.19±0.80×1.38±0.42×0.55±0.18厘米;输入管数为5—6条,管外径为0.09±0.04厘米,输出管数为1—3条,管外径为0.24±0.10厘米。3.髂内侧淋巴结收纳腘浅淋巴结,腹股沟浅淋巴结和髂下淋巴结引流区的淋巴液和部分盆腔内脏的淋巴液。管辖范围广,位置恒定,淋巴结较大,浅在胴体脏面,易找到,不破坏商品,不影响商品的外观,是屠宰肉尸后躯被检的主要淋巴结。  相似文献   

12.
Transmigration of lymph nodes by tumor cells   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
When either V2, Brown-Pearce, or Walker tumor cells were perfused at low pressure into the afferent lymphatic of popliteal lymph nodes or were injected into the foot pads of rabbits, they rapidly appeared in lymph draining from the node. This finding indicates that lymph nodes are not the effective barrier to dissemination of tumor cells they had previously been assumed to be.  相似文献   

13.
Lymphatic metastasis in the absence of functional intratumor lymphatics   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Lymphatic metastasis contributes to mortality from solid tumors. Whether metastasizing cancer cells reach lymph nodes via intratumor lymphatic vessels is unknown. Here, we examine functional lymphatics associated with mouse tumors expressing normal or elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), a molecule that stimulates lymphangiogenesis. Although VEGF-C overexpression increased lymphatic surface area in the tumor margin and lymphatic metastasis, these tumors contained no functional lymphatics, as assessed by four independent functional assays and immunohistochemical staining. These findings suggest that the functional lymphatics in the tumor margin alone are sufficient for lymphatic metastasis and should be targeted therapeutically.  相似文献   

14.
以弓形虫强毒株静脉接种2—3月龄仔猪的结果表明,仔猪感染弓形虫强毒株后,淋巴结的动态病理过程表现为单纯性、坏死性和增生性淋巴结炎的变化规律,并可见肺门淋巴结损伤较其他淋巴器官为重。在疾病经过的严重期,淋巴结、脾、胸腺和骨髓的淋巴细胞数量均显著减少,同时,淋巴细胞的超微结构发生由胞膜突起、凹陷和断裂到染色质的聚集、崩解等不同程度的质的改变。从免疫形态学上表明,在恢复期病例,体内出现了体液免疫和细胞免疫。文中还详细描述了巨噬细胞与虫体的相互作用在不同阶段细胞超微结构变化特点,以及巨噬细胞、浆细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞等免疫活性细胞的消长规律。  相似文献   

15.
Mouse lymphocytes incubated on cryostat-cut sections of lymphoid organs (lymph nodes and Peyer's patches) specifically adhere to the endothelium of high endothelial venules (HEV), the specialized blood vessels to which recirculating lymphocytes attach as they migrate from the blood into the parenchyma of the lymphoid organs. Treatment of sections with sialidase eliminated the binding of lymphocytes to peripheral lymph node HEV, had no effect on binding to Peyer's patch HEV, and had an intermediate effect on mesenteric lymph node HEV. These results suggest that sialic acid on endothelial cells may be an organ-specific recognition determinant for lymphocyte attachment.  相似文献   

16.
Contamination of deoxynivalenol(DON) in grains is common worldwide and pigs are particularly susceptible to this mycotoxin. The distribution of DON in porcine tissues following intravenous administration was investigated in this study. Fifteen pigs were randomly divided into three groups. Animals in groups A and B were administrated with DON at the dose of 250 and 750 μg kg–1 body weight, respectively, while group C served as blank control. Plasma, bile and 27 tissues were collected at 30 min post-administration. DON concentrations in all samples were tested using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS). To observe the distribution of DON in tissues, these samples were further subjected to the immunohistochemical analyses. Totally, the bile and 13 tissues were sampled for DON-based detection, including kidney, mesenteric lymph nodes, muscle, stomach, jejunum, colon, plasma, spleen, rectum, cecum, liver, ileum, and duodenum. No significant difference was observed for the concentrations of DON in duodenum, ileum and liver samples between groups A and B; while the DON concentrations in cecum and rectum of group B were significantly higher(P-value 0.05) than those in group A. In addition, the DON concentrations in stomach, jejunum, colon, mesenteric lymph nodes, muscle, kidney, spleen, bile, and plasma of group B were remarkably higher than those of group A(P-value0.01). Levels of DON in other 14 tissues including medulla oblongata, midbrain, diencephalon, pons, tip and tongue body, tongue, soft palate, tonsils, pharyngeal mucosa, oral buccal mucosa, thymus, thyroid, esophagus and adrenal gland were all below the limit of detection. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that 11 tissue samples(medullaoblongata, tonsil, adrenal medulla, thyroid gland, thyroid, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, kidney, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes) were positive and DON was mainly distributed around blood vessels in these tissues. Therefore, we believed that concentrations of DON in tissues differ when pigs are in exposure to various dosages and DON causes lesions in many pig tissues.  相似文献   

17.
观察山羊球虫病的临床症状、病理变化和球虫的内生殖阶段。利用光镜或扫描电镜检查小肠壁上的4种肉服病变:白色小点、平斑、突起斑和息肉。它们中都有大量的虫体寄生。息肉基部有一层厚厚的腺样上皮形成的腺。肠系膜淋巴结水肿,被膜下、小梁周围的淋巴窦和淋巴管中有大裂殖体和卵囊存在。发现两种类型的裂殖体:大裂殖体和小裂殖体,前者寄生于小肠绒毛的中央乳糜管和肠系膜淋巴结中,后者大多寄生于肠腺上皮细胞中,少数在绒毛上皮细胞中。裂殖子、配子体和卵囊寄生于肠腺及绒毛上皮细胞中。  相似文献   

18.
【目的】研究长途运输应激对猪免疫器官的病理性损伤、HSPs mRNA的分布和转录水平,探讨其相关性。【方法】利用组织学、原位杂交和本实验室建立的猪HSPs mRNA一步法实时荧光定量RT-PCR技术平台等方法,研究长途运输应激对猪免疫器官的病理性损伤、HSPs mRNA的分布和转录水平的变化。【结果】在长途运输应激初期(1~2 h),淋巴结和脾脏出现急性病理性损伤变化,损伤程度较为严重;运输应激4 h时,组织的病理性损伤与应激初期相似,但血管的充血程度有所减轻;淋巴结和脾脏中HSP70 mRNA的转录水平随着运输应激时间的延长一直呈现出上升的趋势,运输应激持续到10 h时,HSP70 mRNA的转录水平升到最高,分别为对照组的9.59和11.46倍;HSP90 mRNA的转录水平在应激初期(1~2 h)急剧升高(P<0.01),运输应激2 h时,淋巴结和脾脏中HSP90 mRNA的转录水平分别为对照组的59.67和13.03倍,到运输应激持续到6 h后,升高不再显著。HSPs mRNA在淋巴结和脾脏细胞中的定位无肉眼可见的随着应激时间的延长而发生相应的变化,但HSP70和HSP90 mRNA之间的定位存在着差异。【结论】运输应激可以导致组织损伤和HSPs mRNA转录水平的变化,但对不同家族的HSPs mRNA转录水平的影响不同;HSP90 mRNA的转录水平与组织损伤有着良好的相关性,有望成为猪运输应激的判定指标之一。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号