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1.
P. Arechavala-Lopez M. Milošević-González P. Sanchez-Jerez 《International Aquatic Research》2016,8(3):263-273
Trace elements in otoliths of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) from fish farms and coastal wild populations in the western Mediterranean Sea were analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results showed that concentrations of Mg, K, and Mn differed significantly between wild and farmed sea bass, while concentrations of Mg, K, Mn, Fe, Zn, Sr, and Ba varied significantly between wild and farmed sea bream. Discriminate analysis and cross-validation classification showed that the trace element profile in otoliths can be used to separate farmed fish from wild stocks with high accuracy on both sea bass (individuals correctly classified: 90.7 %) and sea bream (individuals correctly classified: 96.6 %). Moreover, trace elements in otoliths resulted to be useful to discriminate among wild fish stocks within each species. 相似文献
2.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether gilthead sea bream and sea bass treated with combination of trimethoprim
and sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) differed in terms of physiological and innate immune biomarkers. Fish were exposed to TMP-SMX
at 40 ppm concentration for 1 h as a prophylactic usage. Plasma cortisol, glucose, electrolytes (Ca, P, Na, K, Cl, and Mg)
as well as plasma lysozyme activity, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ceruloplasmin (Cp) were measured soon after treatment and
following 24 and 48 h in normal sea water for recovery. Treatment with TMP-SMX in both gilthead sea bream and sea bass led
to an increase in plasma cortisol and glucose. Fluctuations in some electrolytes were found after treatment and during recovery
period, however, the ratios of monovalent ions in treated sea bream were similar to control. Hematocrit values as well as
plasma lysozyme activity in gilthead sea bream and sea bass were not affected by the treatment. CRP in gilthead sea bream
and Cp in sea bass responded to the treatment with decreased levels. Both gilthead sea bream and sea bass displayed a rapid
physiological stress response and sensitivity to TMP-SMX exposure, which requires more than 48-h period for regaining homeostasis. 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACT: Prey fish selection by Far Eastern catfish and largemouth bass were examined using bluegill, Japanese dace and crucian carp as food fish. In both aquaria (1.2 m × 0.45 m) and ponds (2.8 m × 1.2 m), bluegill was not preyed on by catfish and bass more than dace and crucian carp. In aquaria, there was no significant difference in the consumption of dace and crucian carp between catfish and bass, but in ponds, catfish preyed on dace and crucian carp more and less than bass, respectively. In the case that only bluegill and catfish were introduced in ponds, catfish consumed 4–15 g of bluegill per day. The introduction of catfish into ponds and lakes for the purpose of eradicating bluegill is considered appropriate for areas with few native fish species. 相似文献
4.
Jun Shoji Kazutaka Sakiyama Masakazu Hori Goro Yoshida Masami Hamaguchi 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(6):1281-1285
ABSTRACT: Predation experiments were conducted in mesocosms to test the hypothesis that habitat complexity affects vulnerability of red sea bream Pagrus major juveniles to piscivorous fish predators. Juvenile behavior was video-recorded for 6 h in two structurally different habitats: vegetated with sea grass Zostera marina , and unvegetated 0.5-t tanks. Association behavior with seagrass was observed in the vegetated tank throughout the trials. Predation experiments were conducted with 30 red sea bream juveniles (29.9 mm body length) exposed to two individuals of the piscivorous fish predator Chinese sea bass Lateolabrax sp. (261.6 mm), for 6 h in 1.0-t tanks. Predation rate (no. of fish predated on per predator per h) was significantly lower in the vegetated tank (0.02/predator per h) than in the unvegetated tank (0.27/predator per h). Present experiments indicate that habitat complexity reduces vulnerability of juvenile red sea bream to predation by piscivorous fish by serving as physical and/or visual barriers and limiting the predator's ability to pursue and capture prey. Seagrass beds in the shallow coastal waters around Japan are suggested to be an important nursery for red sea bream since they provide the juveniles with habitat complexity as well as serve as a feeding ground. 相似文献
5.
Yoshiko Shimahara Yun-Fen Huang Ming-An Tsai Pei-Chi Wang Shih-Chu Chen 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(3):489-494
Largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides were immunized with four different N. seriolae strains—two α-glucosidase-positive (961113, KU040801) and two α-glucosidase-negative (94260, OTTS) strains—along with Freund’s
incomplete adjuvant. After primary immunization (week 0), a booster was administered at weeks 4 and 8. Nonspecific immune
responses to multiple immunizations with the different N. seriolae strains were determined based on serum lysozyme activity and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)-positive cells in peripheral blood.
The serum lysozyme activity and NBT-positive cells in peripheral blood were not significantly increased even after the two
booster immunizations. Specific antibody responses against N. seriolae cells were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. At 4 weeks after immunization, all groups immunized with N. seriolae antigens showed significant increases in their specific antibody levels. The sera from fish immunized with different N. seriolae strains exhibited reactivity with N. seriolae sonicated antigens of 28, 30, 36 and 84 kDa by western blot analysis. After two boosters, fish were challenged with live
N. seriolae to assess the vaccine’s efficacy; however, multiple injections of the N. seriolae strains did not reduce mortality, irrespective of the bacterin. 相似文献
6.
ABSTRACT: The acute toxicities of boron were examined for Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and red sea bream Pagrus major in terms of fish size and water temperature. Japanese flounder of 0.1–70.0 g and red sea bream of 0.6–20.3 g were exposed to different concentrations of boron for 96 h at 20°C under semi-static conditions. In both fish species, the median lethal concentration (LC50 ) for 96 h of boron increased linearly with increasing fish size, ranging from 108 to 252 mg B/L for the flounder, and from 97 to 172 mg B/L for the sea bream. The effect of water temperature on acute toxicity was examined for Japanese flounder of 0.6 and 1.5 g at 10, 15, 20 and 25°C, and for red sea bream of 0.6 and 2.4 g at 12, 15, 20 and 25°C. The toxicity of boron for the flounder increased linearly with increasing water temperature. The 96 h LC50 values ranged from 299 to 108 mg B/L for the 0.6 g flounder and from 350 to 113 mg B/L for the 1.5 g flounder. A similar trend was shown for the 2.4 g red sea bream; however, the relationship for the 0.6 g red sea bream was not significant. 相似文献
7.
Benedetto Sicuro Franco Daprà Francesco Gai Giovanni Battista Palmegiano Roberta Schiavone Loredana Zilli Sebastiano Vilella 《Aquaculture International》2010,18(4):511-522
The aim of the study reported here was to evaluate the efficiency of a natural antioxidant substance in gilthead sea bream
(Sparus aurata) feeds. An olive oil by-product, olive mill vegetation water (VW), contains polyphenols, which have a strong antioxidant
activity. A 147-day growth trial was conducted (monofactorial balanced, 4 × 3) with diet as the experimental factor. Two diets
[isonitrogenous (crude protein 40%) and isoenergetic (gross energy = 18MJ kg−1 on a dry weight basis] were formulated with 1 and 5% of VW (VW1, VW5); the control diet did not contain VW. A total of 600
juvenile gilthead sea breams (mean body weight 114.1 ± 5.7 g) were utilised. Production parameters and somatic indexes were
calculated at the end of the growth trial. Antioxidant activity in fish fillets was investigated using TBARS and DPPH assays.
A number of haematological parameters and digestive enzyme patterns were measured in fish in the middle and at the end of
the experiment. The TBARS values showed slight delays in the development of oxidation in the fillet of fish fed with VW. There
was no statistical difference between fish fed with the experimental diet and the control group, except for maltase activity,
which increased with increasing VW in the feed. We found that the use of VW in a gilthead sea bream diet did not have any
detrimental effects on gilthead sea bream production and physiological parameters and slightly improved the conservation of
the fish fillets. 相似文献
8.
Reproductive cycle of yellow sea bream <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dentex tumifrons</Emphasis> in Wakasa Bay,the Sea of Japan off central Honshu 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ABSTRACT: To determine the spawning season and reproductive cycle of the yellow sea bream, Dentex tumifrons , in Wakasa Bay, in the Sea of Japan off central Honshu, seasonal change in the gonadosomatic index ( GSI ) was examined and histological observations of both ovaries and testes were conducted. The female GSI gradually increased from May, maintained a high level between August and October and then rapidly decreased. The histological observations of the ovary showed that vitellogenesis began from May and developed until September. Spent fish began to be observed in October and all the fish collected in December were spent. There was only one peak in the seasonal change in GSI of males and females in Wakasa Bay. Thus, yellow sea bream spawn only in autumn in Wakasa Bay. Differences in the reproductive cycle and number of spawning seasons were found between the two different latitudinal areas, Wakasa Bay and the East China Sea (low latitudinal area) where the spawning seasons were spring and autumn. An increase in water temperature is an important factor to initiate gonadal maturation (recrudescence) and is terminated by the short day-length in Wakasa Bay. 相似文献
9.
Predation on fish larvae by moon jellyfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aurelia aurita</Emphasis> under low dissolved oxygen concentrations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ABSTRACT: Laboratory experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that low dissolved oxygen concentrations have the potential to enhance the predation rate on fish larvae by moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita which is increasing in abundance in the coastal waters of Japan. Larvae of the red sea bream Pagrus major in four size classes (2.9, 4.1, 6.2 and 8.6 mm in standard length) were used as prey in a short-term predation experiment. No change in the bell contraction rate of the jellyfish (mean bell diameter, 100.4 ± 10.2 mm) was observed at the oxygen concentrations tested (1, 2 and 4 mg/L, and air-saturated, 5.5–6.0 mg/L), suggesting a strong tolerance to a decline in the oxygen concentration. More than 80% of the 2.5 and 4.1-mm size-class larvae were predated on by the jellyfish at all oxygen concentrations during the 15-min trials in 10-L tanks. The 6.2 and 8.6-mm size-class larvae were able to escape from the jellyfish apparently due to their developed swimming ability at the two higher dissolved oxygen concentrations. There was an increase in predation on larvae of these two size classes at the two lower dissolved oxygen concentrations. Predation by moon jellyfish on fish larvae can be more intense at low dissolved oxygen concentrations that commonly occur in the coastal waters of Japan. 相似文献
10.
Melatonin production by the fish pineal is under the control of photoperiod. In addition, in some fish species pineal melatonin production is self-sustained by an intrapineal circadian pacemaker, not in salmonids, though. The aim of this research was to test melatonin release in vitro by the pineal of sea bass held under LD 12:12 and DD conditions to determine the endogenous nature of melatonin rhythm. Circadian rhythmicity ( = 28.3 h) was found since rhythmic melatonin release persisted on DD. 相似文献
11.
Four semi-purified diets, containing crystalline amino acids (CAAs), were fed to juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major in order to ascertain the ideal dietary amino acid pattern for this species. A control diet containing 50% casein–gelatin as protein sources, but no CAAs were fed to the fish. The other diets contained 30% casein–gelatin and 20% CAAs. CAAs were added to diets to simulate with amino acid pattern of the red sea bream eggs protein (REP), red sea bream larvae whole body protein (RLP), red sea bream juvenile whole body protein (RJP), and brown fishmeal protein (BFP). The juveniles (average initial body weight, 1.58 ± 0.01 g) were maintained in triplicate tanks and fed twice daily for 30 days. The highest weight gain was observed in juveniles fed the RJP diet. No significant difference was observed in juveniles fed the RLP and BFP diet. Feed efficiency ratio, protein efficiency ratio and amino acid retention in the whole body were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by the simulated dietary amino acid patterns. The essential amino acid profile and A/E ratios of the whole body after the growth trial showed little difference among the dietary treatments. The results suggest that red sea bream juveniles are able to utilize high amounts of CAA in coated form. The amino acid pattern of RJP could be used as an appropriate of reference dietary amino acid for this species. 相似文献
12.
Fumitaka Kondo Takashi Ohta Toshiharu Iwai Atsushi Ido Chiemi Miura Takeshi Miura 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(6):1543-1555
The improvement in feed efficiency is one of the most important subjects in fish culture. The development of feed, in terms of good intake, high growth performance, and high feed efficiency is needed. Squid viscera are one of the candidates for alternative material in improving feed efficiency in fish culture. In the present study, we described the dietary effect of the squid viscera hydrolysate (SVH) on the growth performance of the red sea bream. The addition of SVH to feed caused significant increases in feed intake, fork length, and body weight and produced a marked improvement in feed conversion after 4 weeks of feeding. Furthermore, the results of this feeding revealed that low dietary levels of SVH promote growth performance in the red sea bream. We physiologically analyzed digestion and appetite in fish fed diet containing SVH. SVH promoted the activity of hepatic trypsin and lipase, gene expression of stomach pepsin, hepatic lipase, and pyloric caeca trypsin, thereby improving the nutrient availability in red sea bream. Moreover, the mRNA expression of appetite regulating factor, such as brain NPY and stomach ghrelin was significantly improved by dietary SVH. Our current results indicate that dietary SVH as alternative material produced excellent effects on growth performance, which is dependent on the promoting effect on digestion and appetite in red sea bream. 相似文献
13.
14.
Corrado Costa Stefano D’Andrea Riccardo Russo Francesca Antonucci Federico Pallottino Paolo Menesatti 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(4):765-778
European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, is one of the main species cultured in Europe. In this study, non-invasive techniques such as visible-near infrared spectroscopy
and dynamometric analysis were used to discriminate concrete tank–cultured sea bass from sea cage–cultured sea bass. A total
of 198 samples were collected at six time points from 3 Italian fish farms. A partial least squares analysis was conducted
on individual animals at 48 and 96 h post-mortem to determine whether textural and spectral parameters can discriminate between concrete tank– and sea cage–reared sea bass.
The results of this analysis demonstrated that spectral measurements better discriminate individual animals at 48 h post-mortem (87% in the independent test) with respect to 96 h post-mortem (66.7% in the independent test). Differences in texture were observed between the two groups of fish, but the texture changed
in the time. The texture in sea cage–cultured fish showed higher values of measured force (N) with respect to fish reared
in concrete tanks at 48 h post-mortem. Instead, opposite results were observed at 96 h post-mortem. Fillet colour were influenced by both farm and rearing condition. 相似文献
15.
In recent years, there have been significant increases in the production and breeding of aquaculture species; for example, the gilt-head (sea) bream and seabass in salt water and trout, carp, and tilapia in fresh water., Amphipods in the genus Gammarus are used as a rich source of protein to feed various pet animals such as aquarium fish, lizards, and turtles, as well as in aquatic ecotoxicology and water quality assessment. Gammarus meal is used as a partial replacement (10–20%) of fish meal. However, the reproduction and rearing of Gammarus in intensive or semi-intensive conditions has not yet been carried out. Gammarus products (live, dried flakes, or powdered) transported to the markets are constituted from wild caught Gammarus. Due to the high price of these products, Gammarus aquaculture potentially has great economic benefits. Therefore, there is a need to focus on the importance of Gammarus in aquaculture. In the present review, the ecology and distribution of Gammarus, its importance in aquatic ecotoxicology and water quality assessment, the chemical analysis of Gammarus and factors affecting chemical composition of it, and the importance of Gammarus in fish nutrition are discussed. In addition, the economic importance and culture methods of Gammarus are also reviewed. This review will be beneficial for scientific investigators and fish-crustacean farmers. 相似文献
16.
Mohammad Nakib Dad Khan Takao Yoshimatsu Alok Kalla Toshiyoshi Araki Shuichi Sakamoto 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(2):397-404
ABSTRACT: A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of Porphyra spheroplasts (PS) as a feed additive on growth, carcass composition and feed utilization of black sea bream. Four experimental diets with or without PS (0, 1, 3, 5% inclusion level) were formulated to determine the proper incorporation level for best growth and utilization using white fishmeal as the principal protein source. Three replicate groups of fish averaging 1.28 ± 0.05 g (mean ± SD) were maintained in flow-through thermo-controlled sea water (32–34 psu, 25°C) aquaria (100 L) under the laboratory conditions (L12 : D12) and fed three times a day at 09:00, 13:00 and 17:00 hours by hand at approximately 3% body weight on each diet. The rearing trial revealed that growth performance (in terms of weight gain, specific growth rate) are almost the same level in all the dietary groups, nevertheless the survival, nutrient utilizations and retentions (feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, protein retention rate, lipid retention rate) were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in a group fed on the diet containing 3% spheroplasts. Further, the fish fed on the diet containing PS had significantly higher ( P < 0.05) crude lipid level in their dorsal muscles and viscera. The fish fed a PS-based diet showed higher level of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in viscera and DHA in dorsal muscles. The results obtained in this feeding trial suggest that the optimum dietary PS supplementation level up to 3% for black sea bream can be considered as improved consequence on growth performance, nutrient utilization or body composition were noticed. 相似文献
17.
The effect of dietary carbohydrate complexity on growth, feed utilization and activity of selected key liver enzymes of intermediary
metabolism were studied in gilthead sea bream juveniles. Four isonitrogenous (50% crude protein) and isolipidic (16% crude
lipids) diets were formulated to contain 20% of pregelatinized maize starch, dextrin, maltose or glucose. Triplicate groups
of fish (117 g initial weight) were fed each diet to near satiation during 6 weeks. No effect of dietary carbohydrate on growth
was noticed. Feed efficiency was lower in fish fed the glucose diet than the maltose and dextrin diets. The lowest protein
efficiency ratio was observed in fish fed the glucose diet. Six hours after feeding, glycemia was higher in fish fed the glucose
diet than the maltose and starch diets. Liver glycogen content was unaffected by dietary carbohydrate complexity. Hepatic
glucokinase (GK) activity was higher in fish fed the glucose and the maltose diets, while higher pyruvate kinase (PK) activity
was recorded in fish fed the glucose diet than in fish fed the starch diet. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities were higher in fish fed the starch diet compared to dextrin and glucose diets. Data suggest
that dietary glucose and maltose are more effective than complex carbohydrates in enhancing liver glycolytic activity. Dietary
glucose also seems to be more effective than starch in depressing liver gluconeogenic and lipogenic activities. Overall, dietary
maltose, dextrin or starch was better utilized than glucose as energy source by gilthead sea bream juveniles. 相似文献
18.
ABSTRACT: Random sequencing of the genomic DNA of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida was conducted. The sequences were assembled into 930 contigs. The total length of these contigs accounts for 37.5% of the genome of P. damselae subsp. piscicida. The contigs contain 2055 open reading frames (ORFs) that have homology with genes in the GenBank database. Furthermore, some of the ORFs have homology with reported virulence related genes, and are classified as encoding colonization factors, exotoxin, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Thirty-seven ORFs have homology with colonization factors. In those colonization factors, 27, three, and four ORFs have homology with polar flagellar-related genes, capsule-related genes, and others (accessory colonization factors, superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn), MshA biogenesis protein, and heme receptor genes), respectively. Five ORFs have homology with exotoxin-related genes (2 hemolysin, phospholipase, hyaluronidase, lysophospholipase L2 genes). Further, six ORFs have homology with LPS-related genes. 相似文献
19.
The changes in collagen content and its solubility in sea bream muscle were studied for variable storage times following the death of the fish, and these variables were related to the evolution of physical parameters important for consumer acceptance: firmness and water-holding capacity (WHC). The results show that the collagen content in muscle diminished slightly over storage time and that this variable was directly related to firmness but inversely related to the water-holding capacity. With regard to collagen solubility, a decline was detected in acid-soluble collagen (ASC) in the first few post mortem hours, perhaps related to the end of rigor mortis that occurs at these stages. Pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) increased, while insoluble collagen (ISC) decreased from 96 h, coinciding with a loss of firmness. This softening can be explained as a result of specific collagenases acting on the insoluble fraction of the collagen. 相似文献
20.
In order to obtain information for preventing oyster spats predation, we investigated the horizontal and vertical movement patterns of black sea bream Acanthopagrus schlegelii inhabiting an oyster farming area in Hiroshima Bay by active tracking. Seven adult fish equipped with depth transmitters were tracked for 65 days around the oyster farming area. Six of the seven fish were found in the oyster rafts for a cumulative duration of 55 days. The daily movement distance and minimum convex polygon home range of these fish were 0.13–0.78 km/day and 0.11–1.14 km2, respectively. The swimming depth of these fish were mainly between 1 and 15 m, which coincided with the depths of the submerged oyster wires. Our observations suggest that black sea bream inhabiting the oyster farming area in Hiroshima Bay are highly dependent on the spatial arrangement of the oyster rafts. 相似文献