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野油菜黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种(Xcc)是十字花科植物重要的病原菌,能引起十字花科作物发生黑腐病.本课题组采用转座子Tn5gusA5对Xcc野生型菌株8004诱变,获得17280株Tn5gusA5突变体,并从中筛选到一批致病缺陷突变体,采用TAIL-PCR对致病缺陷突变体的Tn5gusA5插入位点进行定位,发现5株突变体的Tn5gusA5插在8004菌株的基因组ORF1857内(未发表资料), 该ORF功能尚未见报道.序列分析表明,ORF1857演绎的编码产物与铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonase aeruginosa)的wbpL基因演绎的编码产物具有33%的一致性和45%的相似性,并具有第4家族的糖基转移酶功能域,因此本文暂将ORF1857命名为wbxL基因.对 wbxL基因进行缺失,获得的缺失突变体用剪叶法接种到寄主萝卜叶片时,缺失突变体完全丧失致病性,一段PCR合成的包含wbxL基因的DNA片段能互补缺失突变体,恢复缺失突变体的致病性.这证实wbxL基因是Xcc的一个新的致病相关基因. 相似文献
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GFP标记的短小芽胞杆菌（Bacillus pumilus）转座突变株的构建初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以水稻叶面附生菌短小芽孢杆菌(B.pumilus)为研究对象,通过构建pMOD-egfp-Tetr转座复合体,采用电击转化法对短小芽孢杆菌DX01菌株进行了Tn5转座插入诱变,获得了大量的转化子。对转化子进行了遗传稳定性分析和分子鉴定,并且在荧光显微镜下观察到了强烈的绿色荧光,研究结果表明外源DNA已经成功整合进细菌的基因组中,gfp基因在短小芽孢杆菌中实现了组成型表达。 相似文献
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为了解鸭源H4N6亚型禽流感病毒A/duck/Shanghai/Y20/2006(DK/SH/Y20/06)的来源、特征及其分子演化规律,进一步丰富水禽流感病毒的基因库,对该病毒8个基因片段分别进行了扩增和序列测定,利用分子生物学软件对测序结果进行序列分析,并与GenBank登录的相关病毒进行了遗传演化分析。结果表明,DK/SH/Y20/06的HA基因切割位点附近的氨基酸序列(PEKASR↓GLF)符合低致病力AIV的特征,其分子遗传演化关系属于欧亚分支;NA基因与A/mallard/Yanchen/2005(H4N6)在同一分支内,核苷酸序列同源性为98.3%;而PB2、PB1、NP、PA基因与目前在国内流行的H6亚型禽流感病毒关系密切;M基因与A/environment/Korea/CSM05/2004(H3N1)处于同一分支;而NS基因与A/wild duck/Korea/YS44/2004(H1N2)同源性最高。且DK/SH/Y20/06的8个基因与美洲H4N6亚型AIV分离株均不处在同一遗传进化分支上,相互之间遗传关系较远。可见,DK/SH/Y20/06可能是由H4N6、H6N2、H6N5、H3N1和H1N2等不同亚型来源的基因在鸭体内经过复杂重组演变的一株重组病毒。 相似文献
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报道了1株粉纹夜蛾转P35基因工程细胞系,命名为Tn5B-35。苜蓿丫纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Au-tographacalifornicanuclearpolyhedrosisvirus,AcMNPV)在该细胞系中连续传代至25代,与原始细胞系Tn5B1-4相比较,其感染率、多角体产量、滴度以及杀虫毒力的变化趋势均比较平稳,并未出现"传代效应"。 相似文献
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Hutchison CA Peterson SN Gill SR Cline RT White O Fraser CM Smith HO Venter JC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5447):2165-2169
Mycoplasma genitalium with 517 genes has the smallest gene complement of any independently replicating cell so far identified. Global transposon mutagenesis was used to identify nonessential genes in an effort to learn whether the naturally occurring gene complement is a true minimal genome under laboratory growth conditions. The positions of 2209 transposon insertions in the completely sequenced genomes of M. genitalium and its close relative M. pneumoniae were determined by sequencing across the junction of the transposon and the genomic DNA. These junctions defined 1354 distinct sites of insertion that were not lethal. The analysis suggests that 265 to 350 of the 480 protein-coding genes of M. genitalium are essential under laboratory growth conditions, including about 100 genes of unknown function. 相似文献
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Germline transmission of exogenous genes in the chicken 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
R A Bosselman R Y Hsu T Boggs S Hu J Bruszewski S Ou L Kozar F Martin C Green F Jacobsen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,243(4890):533-535
Difficulties associated with in vitro manipulation and culture of the early chicken embryo have restricted generation of transgenic chickens to approaches that use replication-competent retroviruses. The need to produce transgenic chickens in the absence of replicating virus prompted development of a new method of gene transfer into the chicken. Microinjection of the replication-defective reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) vector ME111 beneath unincubated chicken embryo blastoderms results in infection of germline stem cells. This vector contains genetic information exogenous to the chicken genome, including both the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene and the Tn5 neomycin phosphotransferase gene. About 8 percent of male birds hatched from injected embryos contained vector DNA in their semen. All four positive males tested passed vector sequences onto their progeny. Analysis of G1 offspring showed that gonads of G0 male birds were mosaic with respect to insertion of vector provirus. Thus, primordial germ cells present in the unincubated chicken embryo blastoderm are susceptible to infection by defective REV vectors. 相似文献
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Clustering of genes dispensable for growth in culture in the S component of the HSV-1 genome 总被引：43，自引：0，他引：43
The herpes simplex virus 1 genome consists of one long and one short stretch of unique sequences flanked by inverted repeat sequences. The nucleotide sequence and RNA map predict 12 open reading frames designated as US1 through US12 within the short stretch of unique sequences. This paper reports the construction of virus mutants from which US2, US3, or US4 had been deleted that are capable of growth in cell culture. One of the three deleted genes, US4, specifies the viral envelope glycoprotein G. Mutants with deletions in US1, US8, US9, US10, US11, and US12 have been previously reported. The nine genes deleted from this region form two clusters, US1 through US4 and US8 through US12, and encode at least two and possibly more structural proteins. The presence of so many genes dispensable for growth in cell culture suggests several hypotheses regarding their function and evolution. 相似文献
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【目的】禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus, AIV)根据其表面糖蛋白血凝素(hemagglutinin, HA)和神经氨酸(neuraminidase, NA)的不同,可分为16种HA和9种NA亚型。根据其致病力的差异可分为高致病性禽流感病毒(highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, HPAIV)和低致病性禽流感病毒(low pathogenic avian influenza virus, LPAIV)。虽然H4亚型禽流感病毒为低致病性AIV,感染家禽表现为无症状感染,但其对禽类甚至是哺乳动物是一个潜在的威胁,因此必须要加强对H4亚型禽流感病毒的调查监控。【方法】为了探讨H4亚型禽流感病毒的分子特征及遗传演化规律,对2010年在中国华东地区某活禽市场进行流行病学监测时分离到的一株H4N8亚型禽流感病毒A/duck/Nanjing/1102/2010（简称DK/NJ /1102）进行了全基因组序列测定及遗传进化分析。通过常规的血清学试验确定其HA亚型,提取病毒总RNA,并通过RT-PCR方法分别扩增出其各基因片段,连接 pGEM-Teasy载体上后进行序列测定。利用GenBank中的BLAST工具进行核苷酸序列的同源性分析,并与GeneBank 中的H4亚型流感病毒及其它相关序列进行遗传进化分析。【结果】DK/NJ/1102的HA基因与Mongolia 分离株A/duck/Mongolia/274/2007(H4N3)的核苷酸同源性最高,为98.9%。推导的氨基酸剪切位点序列为“P-E-K-A-S-R-G”,符合典型的低致病性禽流感病毒特征;NA基因与华东地区分离的鸭源毒株A/Duck/Eastern China/n91/2009(H3N8)核苷酸同源性最高,达99.4%;PB1、PA和NP基因均与H1亚型禽流感病毒亲缘关系最近;M基因与A/wild duck/Korea/CSM4-12/2009(H5N1)核苷酸同源性最高,高达99.9%;NS基因与韩国2009年分离的H7N7亚型流感病毒遗传距离最近。NS1蛋白的80-84处氨基酸没有发生氨基酸缺失。【结论】该H4N8亚型禽流感病毒基因组构成比较复杂,可能是一株多基因重组病毒。 相似文献
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重组马立克病病毒CVI988/Rispens的构建 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据Ⅰ型马立克病病毒（MDV）强毒GA株基因序列,设计两对引物,用PCR方法扩增出CV1988／Rispens株的US10及其侧翼序列,分别克隆入pUC18载体中。经测序检测正确后,进一步插入含CMV启动子的绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP）基因表达盒,获得了含EGFP报告基因的转移载体质粒pPUC18-US10-EGFP。通过同源重组,成功地筛选出表达EGFP的重组病毒rCV1988-EGFP,经传代证明重组rCV1988-EGFP在感染的CEF细胞中能稳定表达EGFP。结果表明：构建的重组转移载体质粒正确,US10是MDV复制非必需片段,为进一步利用US10区构建重组MDV多价基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。 相似文献
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以含CAV标准毒CuX-1株VP3突变体的pTCAVM阳性质粒为基础,通过重叠PCR在基因组位点nt682、nt808、nt829处进行定点突变,构建pTCAVM1、pTCAVM2、pTCAVM3突变体;在此基础上,对上述3个位点进行组合定点突变,构建成功pTCAVMa、pTCAVMb、pTCAVMc突变体;此外,成功构建克隆出3个位点均发生突变的pTCAVMd突变体。所有的突变体都保证VP3定点突变位点的碱基变化,同时不引起VP2蛋白的氨基酸残基序列发生变化,保证了突变体和原始病毒抗原性的一致;将得到的突变体转染易感细胞MSB1,获得具有复制特性的病毒,将病毒接种1日龄的SPF雏鸡,发现病毒可以在鸡体内复制,并引起CAV感染的病理学变化。本研究成功获得了多株感染性克隆毒株,为研究CAV病毒致病性以及开发鸡贫血弱毒活疫苗奠定了坚实的基础。 相似文献
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采用人工染色体(TAC)多基因组装载体系统,将一组与水稻光合同化物运输转化有关基因构建在同一载体上,这些基因分别是蔗糖转运蛋白基因(OsSUT5),单糖转运蛋白(OsMST4)、细胞壁转化酶(OsCIN3)和ATP/ADP转运蛋白(OAAT),获得了包含这4个基因的植物表达载体pTAC747H-OAAT-SUT5-CIN3-MST4,质粒大小近30 kb。通过农杆菌转化法,将基因导入水稻,以探讨这些基因对水稻光合同化物运输和转化的调控作用。 相似文献
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J Sodroski W C Goh C Rosen A Tartar D Portetelle A Burny W Haseltine 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4745):1549-1553
The genome of the human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III/LAV) has the potential to encode at least three polypeptides in addition to those encoded by the gag, pol, and env genes. In this study, the product of the sor (short open reading frame) region, which overlaps the 3' end of the pol gene, was found to be a protein with a molecular weight of 23,000. An assay was developed for testing the ability of cloned HTLV-III proviruses to produce viruses cytopathic for T4+ lymphocytes. In the cell line used, C8166, neither the HTLV-III sor gene product nor the complete 3'-orf gene product were necessary for the replication or cytopathic effects of the HTLV-III. 相似文献
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A G Fisher B Ensoli L Ivanoff M Chamberlain S Petteway L Ratner R C Gallo F Wong-Staal 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,237(4817):888-893
The genome of the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 contains at least eight genes, of which three (sor, R, and 3' orf) have no known function. In this study, the role of the sor gene was examined by constructing a series of proviral genomes of HIV-1 that either lacked the coding sequences for sor or contained point mutations in sor. Analysis of four such mutants revealed that although each clone could generate morphologically normal virus particles upon transfection, the mutant viruses were limited in their capacity to establish stable infection. Virus derived from transfection of Cos-1 cells (OKT4-) with sor mutant proviral DNA's was resistant to transmission to OKT4+ "susceptible" cells under cell-free conditions, and was transmitted poorly by coculture. In contrast, virus derived from clones with an intact sor frame was readily propagated by either approach. Normal amounts of gag-, env-, and pol-derived proteins were produced by all four mutants and assays in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells indicated that their trans-activating capacity was intact and comparable with wild type. Thus the sor gene, although not absolutely required in HIV virion formation, influences virus transmission in vitro and is crucial in the efficient generation of infectious virus. The data also suggest that sor influences virus replication at a novel, post-translational stage and that its action is independent of the regulatory genes tat and trs. 相似文献
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重组鸭瘟病毒载体中筛选高效表达鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白启动子 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【背景】鸭瘟和鸭坦布苏病毒是鸭的两种重要传染病,鸭瘟属于疱疹病毒科,具有开发成病毒载体的优势。为了优化鸭坦布苏病毒E基因在重组鸭瘟病毒载体中的表达,之前探讨了不同形式鸭坦布苏病毒E蛋白在重组鸭瘟病毒载体中的表达,发现以鸭为宿主进行密码子优化的E基因C端截短形式（E451-dk,简称为Es）表达量最高。【目的】探讨不同启动子对Es 在重组鸭瘟病毒载体中表达的影响,为鸭瘟病毒—坦布苏病毒二联苗的研制奠定基础。【方法】将pCAG、 pSV40、pRSV、p1.8k(MDV)和pgB(MDV)启动子通过常规基因克隆的方法替换转移载体pEP-BGH-Es中的pCMV启动子,构建不同启动子调控Es表达的重组表达框pro-Es-BGH-pA。在鸭瘟病毒（DEV）疫苗株细菌人工染色体克隆pDEV-EF1的基础上,将5个重组表达框分别通过“Red E/T两步重组”克隆至pDEV-EF1突变体的US7和US8基因之间,构建了携带不同启动子调控的Es突变体克隆pDEV-pro-Es。用磷酸钙法转染鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEFs）拯救获得相应重组病毒rDEV-pro-Es,并对重组病毒感染细胞蚀斑大小和Es蛋白表达情况进行测定。【结果】将重组突变体克隆转染细胞拯救获得了5株重组病毒rDEV-pro-Es。Western blotting分析表明外源蛋白Es在 pRSV调控下表达量最高,其表达量较rDEV-Es提高了169.12%。【结论】完成了Es在重组鸭瘟病毒载体中高效表达启动子的筛选,获得了一种调控Es高效表达的启动子pRSV。同时也获得了一株高效表达鸭坦布苏病毒外源基因Es的重组鸭瘟病毒rDEV-pRSV-Es。 相似文献
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A general method for the chromosomal amplification of genes in yeast 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
The yeast retrotransposon Ty can be used to insert multiple copies of a gene at new sites in the genome. The gene of interest is inserted into a GALI-Ty fusion construct; the entire "amplification cassette" is then introduced into yeast on a high copy number plasmid vector. Transposition of the Ty element carrying the gene occurs at multiple sites in the genome. Two genes, a bacterial neomycin phosphotransferase gene and the yeast TRPl gene, were amplified in this way. Although the amplified genes were about 1 kilobase in length, they were amplified to about the same extent as a 40-base pair segment. The benefit of this "shotgun" approach is that amplification can be achieved in one set of manipulations. 相似文献