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基于人工神经网络的数据处理和多目标群方法用土壤传递函数(PTFs)估算保水性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Pedotransfer functions(PTFs) have been developed to estimate soil water retention curves(SWRC) by various techniques.In this study PTFs were developed to estimate the parameters(θ s,θ r,α and λ) of the Brooks and Corey model from a data set of 148 samples.Particle and aggregate size distribution fractal parameters(PSDFPs and ASDFPs,respectively) were computed from three fractal models for either particle or aggregate size distribution.The most effective model in each group was determined by sensitivity analysis.Along with the other variables,the selected fractal parameters were employed to estimate SWRC using multi-objective group method of data handling(mGMDH) and different topologies of artificial neural networks(ANNs).The architecture of ANNs for parametric PTFs was different regarding the type of ANN,output layer transfer functions and the number of hidden neurons.Each parameter was estimated using four PTFs by the hierarchical entering of input variables in the PTFs.The inclusion of PSDFPs in the list of inputs improved the accuracy and reliability of parametric PTFs with the exception of θ s.The textural fraction variables in PTF1 for the estimation of α were replaced with PSDFPs in PTF3.The use of ASDFPs as inputs significantly improved α estimates in the model.This result highlights the importance of ASDFPs in developing parametric PTFs.The mGMDH technique performed significantly better than ANNs in most PTFs. 相似文献
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农田土壤颗粒尺寸分布分维及颗粒体积分数的空间变异性 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
盐渍土膜下滴灌过程中的土壤理化性质存在空间变异性,对灌溉管理有一定影响。该文根据3个不同尺度下土壤采样及颗粒尺寸分布（PSD）测定结果,探讨了土壤PSD分维和颗粒体积分数之间的定量关系,分析了各尺度和综合尺度下土壤PSD分维和颗粒体积分数的经典统计特征和地质统计特征,根据颗粒体积分数的半方差函数计算了不同尺度颗粒体积分数的分形维,并做出了等值线图。研究表明,土壤PSD分维与黏粒的体积分数呈正相关关系,黏粒体积分数增大引起PSD分维增加的原因在于细颗粒的比表面积比粗颗粒的大;各尺度土壤PSD分维及颗粒体积分数均无强变异特征;不同尺度下土壤PSD分形维的半方差函数中块金和基台值均非常低;50 m尺度土壤PSD分维和黏粒体积分数的等值线图具有类似的集中度和走势,而砂粒体积分数和粉粒体积分数则具有相反的集中度和走势。该研究说明土壤PSD分维和颗粒体积分数都有一定的尺度依赖性。 相似文献
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Assessment of the usefulness of particle size distribution measured by laser diffraction for soil water retention modelling 
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下载免费PDF全文 Krzysztof Lamorski Andrzej Bieganowski Magdalena Ryżak Agata Sochan Cezary Sławiński Wioleta Stelmach 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2014,177(5):803-813
Particle size distribution (PSD) is a major soil characteristic, which is essential and commonly used for the development of pedotransfer functions (PTFs) to estimate the water retention of soils. The laser diffraction method (LDM) became a popular alternative to the standard sieve‐hydrometer method (SHM) of PSD measurement. Unfortunately, PSDs determined with LDM and SHM methods differ sometimes substantially. Moreover, it is claimed that the laser diffraction method underestimates finer fractions in favor of coarser fractions. Several authors have tried to elaborate on methods to recalculate LDM PSD into its SHM counterparts, but no universal methodology has been developed to this date. In this paper, we use PSD determined by LDM directly for PTF development and compare it with the classical PTF approach based on PSD measured by SHM. Four different PTF models based on LDM particle size distribution data were developed, with different PSD characteristics taken as the models' input variables. The possibility of using alternative PSD characteristics, such as deciles, area moment mean and volume moment mean, for PTF development was examined. The accuracy of PTF models constructed on the basis of LDM‐measured PSD was comparable with that of the developed models using texture data obtained from SHM, giving approximately the same RMSE and R2 values. Our study shows that LDM‐measured particle size distribution may be directly used for PTF developments without any recalculations to their sieve‐hydrometer counterparts. 相似文献
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Guanghui ZHENG Caixia JIAO Xianli XIE Xuefeng CUI Gang SHANG Chengyi ZHAO Rong ZENG 《土壤圈》2023,(6):849-856
Soil bulk density(BD) is an important physical property and an essential factor for weight-to-volume conversion. However, BD is often missing from soil databases because its direct measurement is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and sometimes impractical, particularly on a large scale. Therefore, pedotransfer functions(PTFs) have been developed over several decades to predict BD. Here, six previously revised PTFs(including five basic functions and stepwise multiple linear regression(SMLR)) and t... 相似文献
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土壤颗粒的分形特征及其应用 总被引：110，自引：4，他引：110
本文应用土壤颗粒的质量分布原理来描述土壤颗粒的分形特征。通过对10种土壤颗粒的机械组成进行分析,分别计算出它们的分形维数（D=2.489～2.896）,并分析了其与土壤质地之间的关系。同时对土壤颗粒分形维数与所对应土壤的幂函数型水分特征曲线的拟合分形维数进行比较分析,建立了二者之间的相关关系。结果表明:分形维数的大小反映了土壤质地中粘粒、粉粒和砂粒含量的变化,随粘粒含量的增多分形维数增大,随砂粒含量的增多分形维数减小;同时土壤颗粒分形维数与所对应的水分特征曲线的拟合分形维数呈现出良好的一致性,因而对所研究的土壤而言,可应用土壤颗粒的质量分形维数结合幂函数模型来估算土壤水分特性曲线。 相似文献
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岷江上游典型植被下土壤分形特征及对水分入渗的影响 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
以岷江上游5种典型植被类型下(高山栎林、岷江冷杉林、灌竹林、阔叶乔木林、高山草甸)土壤颗粒组成数据为基础,运用分形模型计算出这5种类型土壤颗粒的分形维数,研究了土壤颗粒分形维数与土壤性状的关系。结果表明,15个样地表层土壤颗粒的分形维数D为1.117～1.315。通过逐步多元回归分析,土壤颗粒分形维数仅与<0.002 mm的颗粒含量相关系数达到极显著。根据土壤入渗过程曲线将入渗过程划分为3个阶段:(1)入渗瞬变阶段(0～8 min);(2)入渗渐变阶段(8～30 min);(3)入渗稳定阶段(30～120 min),表明土壤入渗过程主要受土壤机械组成、团聚体和孔隙组成的综合影响。在整个入渗过程中,高山栎林、灌竹林和阔叶林的渗透速率要高于冷杉林和草甸。 相似文献
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不同生态修复措施下水库水源涵养区土壤粒径分布的分形特征 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
研究了桃林口水库水源涵养区不同生态修复措施下的土壤粒径分布的分形特征及其与土壤容重、有机质含量、孔隙度的相关关系.结果表明:(1)不同生态修复措施下土壤的粒径分布、分形特征不同,其分形维数在2.709 9～2.778 4之间,由大到小顺次为:荒坡封育型>荒坡造林型>疏林补植型>有林地封禁型(人工林)>缓坡梯田封育型>有林地封禁型(天然次生林)>陡坡梯田封禁型.(2)分形维数与不同粒级含量的相关性具有明显差异.分形维数与粘粒成极显著正相关,与3～0.005 mm粒径含量成负相关,与0.005～0.001 mm粒径含量成正相关,与<0.001 mm粒径含量成极显著正相关.(3)分形维数与土壤容重成显著正相关,与有机质含量成显著负相关.与非毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度成极显著负相关,而与毛管孔隙度的相关性不明显. 相似文献
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应用MS2000激光粒度仪,获取陕北黄土高原米脂县境内10种不同土地利用类型土壤剖面4个层次40个土壤样品的粒径分布（PsD）,利用分形几何学方法分析土壤颗粒体积分形特征。结果表明：由于各土壤样品质地相同,分形维数D变化不大,在2．230～2．521之间;〈0．002mm的土壤粒径体积百分含量与D显著相关,而其余各粒径含量均通过与〈0．002mm的相关性对D产生间接影响,表明PSD的D可以充分代表土壤细化的程度与比例。土壤累积体积分数具有非线性特征,1个D值无法表征整个粒径测量范围内的土壤PSD,因此,以15脚为界,确定了2个分形域,分别计算D1和D2,存在D1〉D2的关系,且用D1和D2计算的分裂概率具有尺度依赖性。 相似文献
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The saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) of the soil is one of the main soil physical properties. Indirect estimation of this parameter using pedo-transfer functions (PTFs) has received considerable attention. The Purpose of this study was to improve the estimation of Ks using fractal parameters of particle and micro-aggregate size distributions in smectitic soils. In this study 260 disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected from Guilan province, the north of Iran. The fractal model of Bird and Perrier was used to compute the fractal parameters of particle and micro-aggregate size distributions. The PTFs were developed by artificial neural networks (ANNs) ensemble to estimate Ks by using available soil data and fractal parameters. There were found significant correlations between Ks and fractal parameters of particles and microaggregates. Estimation of Ks was improved significantly by using fractal parameters of soil micro-aggregates as predictors. But using geometric mean and geometric standard deviation of particles diameter did not improve Ks estimations significantly. Using fractal parameters of particles and micro-aggregates simultaneously, had the most effect in the estimation of Ks. Generally, fractal parameters can be successfully used as input parameters to improve the estimation of Ks in the PTFs in smectitic soils. As a result, ANNs ensemble successfully correlated the fractal parameters of particles and micro-aggregates to Ks. 相似文献
10.
鲁中南山地典型植被土壤颗粒与土壤水分特征曲线的分形学特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
土壤粒径分布与水分特征曲线是土壤的重要物理性质,对土壤侵蚀状况和土壤肥力有显著影响。以鲁中南山地典型植被下土壤为研究对象,运用分形学理论研究5种典型植被土壤颗粒与水分特征曲线的分形学特征。结果表明:1)不同植被类型的土壤颗粒单重分形维数、多重分形参数和土壤水分特征曲线分形维数具有显著差异,均表现为麻栎+刺槐混交林>黑松+黄连木混交林>黑松林>核桃林>荒草地;2)土壤分形维数有林地大于荒草地,混交林大于纯林;3)土壤分形维数与黏粒体积分数、粉粒体积分数呈显著正相关,与砂粒体积分数呈显著负相关;4)土壤颗粒单重分形维数与土壤水分特征曲线分形维数呈显著的正相关关系。说明土壤颗粒分布与土壤水分特征曲线的分形参数可以作为反映土壤结构性状变化的定量指标,可利用土壤颗粒分形与土壤水分特征曲线分形维数的相关关系来描述对应的土壤水分特征曲线。研究成果可为鲁中南山地退耕还林与生态造林工程建设及其生态效益评价提供理论参考。 相似文献
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不同风沙土壤颗粒的分形特征 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
应用土壤颗粒的重量与粒径分布原理来描述了古尔班通古特沙漠地风沙土壤颗粒的分形特征。通过对10种样品颗粒的机械组成进行分析,分别计算出了它们的分形维数(D=2.3237～2.9347),并分析了其与流动风沙土、半固定风沙土和固定风沙土之间的关系。分析结果表明,风沙土壤结构具有明显的分形特征,其粒径分布分形维数为2～3。土粒表面分形维数与2～0.2mm间的土粒含量存在显著的负相关;而与0.02～0.002mm和<0.002mm的颗粒含量存在显著的正相关,表现为随着土壤质地从流动风沙土、半固定风沙土到固定风沙土的变化,其土粒表面的平均分形维数呈依次增高。土粒表面分形维数与三种典型风沙土壤有机质含量为极显著正相关,而与其硬度为显著负相关。 相似文献
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伏牛山区迎河小流域不同土地利用类型的土壤粒径分布特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为探讨伏牛山区坡耕地土壤物理性能的退化特征,在河南省鲁山县迎河小流域,利用激光粒度仪和土壤分形模型,比较分析了4种土地利用类型的土壤粒径分布(PSD)及其分形特征.研究结果表明:1)土壤PSD简单分维(Dv)以乔木林地最高(2.658),坡耕地最低(2.489),多重分维(容量维D0、信息维D1、关联维D2)以乔木林地最高(0.941、0.926、0.91),坡耕地最低(0.927、0.899、0.849).不同分形参数均表现为:坡耕地＜灌草坡地和水平梯田＜乔木林地;2)土壤PSD的Dv、D0、D1和D2,与黏粒和粉粒体积分数显著正相关,与砂粒体积分数显著负相关.因此,利用土壤PSD简单分形和多重分形维数,可量化表征土壤质地的粗细程度和非均匀性质的差别;坡耕地土壤质地的粗粒化程度和非均匀性明显大于其他土地利用类型;土壤细粒(黏粒和粉粒)物质流失是坡耕地土壤质地粗粒化和非均匀程度增大的重要原因. 相似文献
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希拉穆仁荒漠草原风蚀地表颗粒粒度特征 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
以荒漠草原常见的耕作区、围封区、放牧区及旅游区4种土地利用类型表层土壤为研究对象,利用激光衍射技术分析了0~2 cm表层土壤粒度组成,计算并分析平均粒径、标准偏差、偏度、峰态及分形维数等粒度参数,探讨风蚀颗粒范围。结果表明:1希拉穆仁荒漠草原耕作区、围封区、放牧区及旅游区4种土地利用类型土壤粒度组成均表现为以砂粒和粉粒为主,黏粒含量较低,样地平均粒径数值依次变小,分选性逐渐变好,峰态平缓,分形维数数值逐渐减小,土壤颗粒组成依次粗化;偏度分别为负偏、近于对称、正偏和偏正偏,彼此差异明显,偏度可作为有效的粒度参数指标。2通过分析粒度分布频率曲线和土壤粒度累积频率间平均距离,显示研究区粒径为134μm和454μm附近颗粒为近自然状态下的易风蚀颗粒。各粒度参数及分维值均显示放牧和旅游加剧希拉穆仁草原表层土壤风蚀,土壤粒度分布范围变宽,整体向粗粒化方向发展。 相似文献
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沙漠非饱和风沙土壤水分特征曲线预测的分形模型 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用VanGenuchten提出的土壤水分特征曲线公式,推导出了沙漠风沙非饱和土壤水分特征曲线的分形模型。通过对古尔班通古特沙漠地9种不同土壤样本利用中子水分仪和负压计实测的水分特征曲线资料反求得到相应的分形维数,分析了分形维数与土壤质地之间的关系,结果表明随着土壤质地从流动风沙土、半固定风沙土到固定风沙土的变化,其分形维数呈逐渐增大。此外,基于土壤颗粒的重量与粒径分布求出了古尔班通古特沙漠地风沙土壤粒径的分形维数。通过对土壤水分特征曲线的分形维数与土壤粒径的分形维数的对比,得知它们之间存在着良好的线性关系。根据此关系,利用易测得的土壤粒径分形维数结合所推导的分形模型,对土壤水分特征曲线进行了预测,模型的预测结果很好地吻合了实测的土壤水分特征曲线。这一结果对于实际工作中根据风沙土壤颗粒大小分布的分形维数来预测沙漠风沙土壤水分特征曲线具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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[目的]研究不同生态修复后边坡土壤颗粒分形特征,为分形维数作为评价修复后向家坝工程扰动区边坡土壤质量的综合指标提供科学依据。[方法]以向家坝工程扰动区6种不同生态修复模式下的0—10 cm边坡土壤为研究对象,通过野外采样和室内试验,采用单重和多重分形理论相结合的方法,研究自然演替与人工修复模式下土壤粒径分布(PSD)和分形特征及土壤养分特征并分析了其相关关系。[结果]不同生态修复模式下土壤颗粒组成以粉粒和砂粒为主,黏粒含量较少,粒径分布不均匀。天然林地土壤养分含量相对较高且土壤颗粒较细。黏粒与Dv呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),与土壤有机碳和速效氮呈显著正相关(p<0.05),粉粒含量与D1,D2呈极显著负相关(p<0.01),砂粒与D1,D2呈极显著正相关(p<0.01)。土壤养分与黏粒、粉粒含量呈不显著正相关,与砂粒含量,D1,D2呈不显著负相关。[结论]向家坝工程扰动区土壤颗粒以粉粒和砂粒为主,土壤质地较... 相似文献
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土壤粒径分布是土壤和环境要素综合作用的结果,因而可藉以指示环境要素的某种性状。对南方水蚀区不同侵蚀程度下土壤粒径的分布特征进行研究,计算土壤粒径分布分形维数值,并分析其与土壤质地和土壤侵蚀程度的关系。结果表明,研究区土壤质地主要为砾石土,其2 mm以下的体积分形维数和重量分形维数分别介于2.52～2.99和2.48~2.73之间,粒径重量累积百分比在2 mm处产生显著变化,粒径域的重量分形维数在2 mm以上和2 mm以下分别为1.79~2.81和2.52~2.79。2 mm以上粒径域的重量分形维数与土壤质地和土壤侵蚀程度呈显著的相关性。土壤质地越细,或土壤侵蚀越轻微,2 mm以上粒径域的重量分形维数越大,反之亦然。故土壤2 mm以上粒径域的重量分形维数可综合表征研究区土壤质地和土壤侵蚀程度。 相似文献
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Predicting Cationic Exchange Capacity in Calcareous Soils of East-Azerbaijan Province,Northwest Iran
Farrokh Asadzadeh Mahdi Maleki-Kakelar Farzin Shabani 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2019,50(9):1106-1116
The aim of this research is to study the efficiency of pedotransfer functions (PTFs) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) for cationic exchange capacity (CEC) prediction using readily available soil properties. Here, 417 soil samples were collected from the calcareous soils located in East-Azerbaijan province, northwest Iran and readily available soil properties, such as particle size distribution (PSD), organic matter (OM) and calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE), were measured. The entire 417 soil samples were divided into two groups, a training data set (83 soil samples) and test data set (334 soil samples). The performances of several published and derived PTFs and developed neural network algorithms using multilayer perceptron were compared, using a test data set. Results showed that, based on statistics of RMSE and R2, PTFs and ANNs had a similar performance, and there was no significant difference in the accuracy of the model results. The result of the sensitivity analysis showed that the ANN models were very sensitive to the clay variable (due to the high variability of the clay). Finally, the models tested in this study could account for 85% of the variations in cationic exchange capacity (CEC) of soils in the studied area.
Abbreviations: ANN: arti?cial neural networks; MLP: multilayer perceptron; MLR: multiple linear regression; PTFs: Pedotransfer Functions; RBF: Radial Basis Function; MAE: mean absolute error; MSE: mean square error; CEC: cationic exchange capacity 相似文献
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土壤颗粒尺寸分布分维及对粘附行为的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
依据Tyler和Wheatcraft推导的土壤颗粒累积质量—尺寸标度关系,计算了我国主要土壤的颗粒尺寸分布(PSD)分维,结果表明:淡栗钙土、黄绵土、黑垆土、褐土((土娄)土)、潮土、灰漠土、黑土、黄棕壤、黄壤、红壤及赤红壤(砖红壤)的PSD分维依次增大,土壤粘粒含量增加使其PSD分维增大。结合上壤颗粒表面分形特性及土壤粘附的基本原理,探讨了土壤PSD分维对土壤—固体表面粘附行为的影响。PSD分维高的土壤与固体表面粘附力大,与固体表面发生明显粘附的起始含水量提高,发生明显粘附的含水量区间增宽。 相似文献