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为了研究鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫SO7基因原核表达重组蛋白的免疫效力,分析其在鸡抗柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染中对鸡平均增重、抗球虫指数(ACI)、减少盲肠病变和卵囊数量中的作用,从柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊中提取总RNA作为模板,用RT-PCR扩增出SO7基因片段,再应用DNA重组技术将SO7基因克隆到原核表达载体pET32a(+)中并用IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE结果显示,pET32a(+)-SO7表达的目的蛋白约为40ku,主要以包涵体形式存在。用纯化的重组蛋白进行动物免疫试验显示,SO7重组蛋白在鸡抗柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染中有较好的免疫保护作用,能够显著提高鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染鸡的平均增重和抗球虫指数(ACI),对减少盲肠病变和卵囊数量也有部分作用。 相似文献
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鸡球虫病危害大,药物治疗和活苗预防都存在很多问题。因此,人们的研究工作重点转移到重组苗的开发上,已经克隆成功了许多抗原。现列举的抗原,大部分是抗体反应型抗原。抗球虫免疫起重要作用的是细胞免疫,筛选重组抗原必须以Ｔ细胞增殖和细胞因子的产生为标准。随着对球虫免疫本质的认识的不断深入和基因工程技术的发展,重组苗将不断完善。 相似文献
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正鸡球虫病是我国养鸡生产中常见且危害大的疾病。近年来,由于球虫耐药性问题以及严峻的食品安全形势,采用疫苗代替抗球虫药来预防鸡球虫病的人越来越多。然而,目前的鸡球虫病疫苗均为活卵囊疫苗,免疫接种后需在鸡体发育繁殖,刺激机体免疫应答。所以,在小鸡阶段鸡体建立抗球虫免疫力期间,要避免使用抗球虫药和广谱抗菌抗球虫类药物,比如磺胺类、四环素类药物。为了解一些中药对鸡球虫病活疫苗卵囊繁殖的影响,特此进行本试验,以便为接种球虫病疫苗的鸡群选用药物提供依据。1材料与方法1.1供试药物 相似文献
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随着鸡球虫耐药性以及禽产品药物残留等问题的出现,鸡球虫疫苗的研究已成为热点问题,但球虫生活史复杂导致其在不同阶段有不同的抗原成分,其免疫原性也有较大的差别,这也为球虫疫苗的研究开发造成了一定的阻碍。本文就鸡球虫不同阶段抗原的免疫原性、鸡球虫活疫苗和鸡球虫基因工程苗的最新研究进展进行综合阐述,以期为相关研究工作提供可参考的资料。 相似文献
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鸡球虫病是严重危害养禽业的一种寄生虫病,长期以来以药物防治为主。但由于球虫抗药性问题日益严重,使得抗球虫新药开发受到限制。目前鸡球虫免疫学研究主要集中在鸡球虫免疫原性、宿主免疫应答及寻找有效的鸡球虫保护性抗原等方面。各项研究结果显示不同种类的球虫有较为严格的寄生部位和细胞特异性,其特定的寄生部位主要取决于子孢子与肠道特定细胞的分子识别和相互作用。此外,研究结果也显示,不同发育阶段的免疫原性和抗原构成都有差异。随着分子生物学的发展,目前的研究焦点集中在鉴定出主要虫种各阶段的重要抗原,筛选具有种间交叉免疫保护的高度保守性抗原,以期获得切实有效的鸡球虫基因工程疫苗。 相似文献
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为了研究柔嫩艾美耳球虫对雏鸡免疫禽流感疫苗的免疫增强作用,试验将7日龄AA肉鸡随机分为4组,每组20只,1组试验鸡皮下注射柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊,同时免疫禽流感H5亚型灭活疫苗;2组试验鸡皮下注射柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊,同时免疫磷酸盐缓冲液;3组试验鸡皮下注射磷酸盐缓冲液,同时免疫禽流感H5亚型灭活疫苗;4组试验鸡皮下注射磷酸盐缓冲液,同时免疫磷酸盐缓冲液。在免疫后第7,14,21,28天,各组随机取5只鸡采血、称重,采集胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊,计算免疫器官指数,采用血凝抑制试验检测血清中禽流感抗体效价。结果表明:各组试验鸡的平均体重差异不明显,柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊与禽流感灭活疫苗共免疫不会影响试验鸡的日增重;柔嫩艾美耳球虫与禽流感疫苗联合免疫可以促进雏鸡免疫器官的生长发育,提高雏鸡免疫器官指数和禽流感抗体效价。说明柔嫩艾美耳球虫可以调节机体对疫苗的免疫反应,促进雏鸡的体液免疫应答。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(5)
为了研究鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella) SO7重组酵母蛋白的表达及其免疫保护效果,试验用E.tenella的保护性抗原基因SO7与鸡IL-2基因串联在毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZαA中进行表达,用Western-blot检测表达是否成功。分别以重组酵母全菌体破碎蛋白和诱导表达纯化的重组酵母蛋白免疫鸡只,并以1×10~4个/只柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊进行攻虫,观察免疫保护效果。结果表明:诱导后的重组酵母全菌蛋白pPICZαA-SO7-IL2成功表达;两种蛋白抗球虫指数(ACI)分别为175.48,174.35,说明pPICZαA-SO7-IL2对感染鸡只具有较高的抗球虫效果。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
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Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664