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Clifford CA Mackin AJ Henry CJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2000,14(5):479-485
Canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is an aggressive and malignant neoplasia with a grave prognosis. Surgery and chemotherapy have limited success in prolonging survival times and increasing quality of life in dogs with HSA. Advances in medical oncology are resulting in increased survival rates and a better quality of life for veterinary cancer patients. An understanding of mechanisms of metastasis has led to the development of new treatments designed to delay or inhibit tumor spread. Promising new treatment options include novel delivery systems (inhalation or intracavitary chemotherapy); use of immunomodulators such as liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide-phosphatidylethanolamine; antimetastatic agents such as inhibitors of angiogenesis (interferons, thalidomide), matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, and minocycline; dietary modifications; and gene therapy. Inhibitors of angiogenesis seem to be safe and, unlike conventional chemotherapy, do not induce drug resistance. Although many of the newer approaches are still under development and review, the use of multimodality therapy incorporating innovative treatment modalities may offer the best therapeutic option for dogs affected with HSA. 相似文献
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秸秆饲料化预处理方式及其发酵抑制化合物的作用机理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
农作物秸秆作为一种资源丰富、来源广泛的生物质资源,在畜牧业和生物能源产业应用潜力巨大。但由于其复杂的化学组成以及抗性结构,使其不能直接高效地通过生物转化所利用。通过预处理可以降低秸秆纤维素的结晶度,提高秸秆的利用率。然而预处理过程不可避免地使秸秆在高温或化学催化作用下过度降解,并伴随着副产物的产生,对后续微生物发酵有抑制作用。本文综述了秸秆的稀酸、碱、蒸汽爆破以及生物预处理技术的研究进展,并对预处理副产物呋喃类衍生物、弱酸类和酚类化合物的产生与抑制机理作一综述。 相似文献
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Leibman NF Lana SE Hansen RA Powers BE Fettman MJ Withrow SJ Ogilvie GK 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2000,14(6):583-586
Presence of matrix metalloproteinases has been associated with tumor invasion and metastasis in human neoplasia. The presence of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 was determined in canine mast cell tumor tissue and normal stromal tissue from 24 dogs with spontaneously occurring cutaneous mast cell tumors. Seventeen of the mast cell tumors were of histologic grade 2, and 7 were of histologic grade 3. Gelatin zymography and computer assisted densitometry image analysis were used to quantify matrix metalloproteinase concentration. Bands from canine tissues migrated in the same location as human proenzyme and active enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 standards. A semiquantitative value for each patient sample was obtained by comparing the optical assessment density of each unknown band to the optical density of the human standard. The presence of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in histologic grade 2 mast cell tumors and histologic grade 3 mast cell tumors was compared, as was presence of matrix metalloproteinases in tumor and stromal tissue. There was dramatically more proenzyme matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity in histologic grade 3 mast cell tumors when compared to grade 2 tumors (P = .03). There was also dramatically more active enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 2 and active enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity in tumor tissue compared to stromal tissue (P = .02, P < .0001). This study demonstrates that the proenzyme and active enzyme forms of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 are present in canine mast cell tumors. This appears to be related to the degree of histologic malignancy, although histologic grade 1 tumors were not evaluated. 相似文献
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大豆胰蛋白酶抑制因子酶联免疫吸附测定方法的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本研究以纯化的大豆Kunitz胰蛋白酶抑制因子（KTI）为抗原，对兔子进行35天免疫得到了兔抗KTI血清。分别用辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）标记纯化的抗原与抗体，制备了标记适度的酶标抗原与酶标抗体。建立了3种检测KTI含量的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法，即酶标抗原竞争、酶标抗体直接抑制和问接抑制法。结果表明，抑制率在20％～70％范围之内，3种方法得到的标准曲线均呈现良好的线性关系（r＞0．96），且检测下限均低于20ng／ml。根据得到的标准曲线，用酶标抗原竞争ELISA法测定了不同温度热处理的KTI中剩余活性部分的含量。结果表明，ELISA法与酶化学分析法的测定结果高度相关（r＝0．99），同时样品添加的回收率试验误差小于10％。酶标抗原竞争法还被用来测定了不同温度热处理的大豆和熟豆粕、全价饲料等几种大豆产品中KTI的含量。以上结果说明，用ELISA法检测生大豆和不同热加工形式的大豆产品中的剩余KTI含量是可行的。 相似文献
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The effects of omeprazole therapy on bacterial colonization of the pharynx in healthy dogs 
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下载免费PDF全文 Lauren A. Sullivan DVM MS DACVECC Justin Wakayama DVM Pedro L. Boscan DVM MSc PhD DACVAA Doreene R. Hyatt PhD David C. Twedt DVM DACVIM Michael R. Lappin DVM PhD DACVIM David A. Dargatz DVM PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2016,26(2):300-304
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Justin D. Thomason DVM Dipl ACVIM Jennifer E. Rockwell DVM Tiffany K. Fallaw BS RVT Clay A. Calvert DVM Dipl ACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2007,9(2):103-108
ObjectiveTo determine if the administration of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) plus spironolactone caused hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, or hyponatremia in elderly small dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (MVD).BackgroundACEIs and spironolactone can increase serum potassium and magnesium concentrations and lower serum sodium concentrations. It has been recommended to either not combine these drugs or to do so with caution.Animals, material and methodsFifty client-owned dogs with MVD, left atrial dilation, and without congestive heart failure or azotemia were evaluated retrospectively. Baseline data sets, followed by 1–9 (mean = 2.66) data sets, comprised of serum urea nitrogen (SUN), creatinine, sodium, potassium, and magnesium concentrations, were tabulated. Each dog received an ACEI plus spironolactone for a mean of 23.8 ± 26.6 weeks (range: 2–150) and a median of 15 weeks. No cardiac drugs other than an ACEI and spironolactone were administered during the study period.ResultsThere were no significant differences between baseline and follow-up serum sodium or potassium concentrations. Serum magnesium concentrations increased significantly (p = 0.02) with time >20 weeks compared to baseline.ConclusionsThe combination of an ACEI and spironolactone results in no significant difference between baseline and follow-up serum sodium or potassium concentrations. Although serum magnesium concentrations may increase significantly with time >20 weeks compared to baseline concentrations, hypermagnesemia appears to be rare, mild, and unlikely to be of clinical importance. The combination of an ACEI and spironolactone is safe in elderly small dogs with MVD with normal SUN and creatinine concentrations. 相似文献
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Michelle R. Savigny DVM MS DACVECC Douglass K. Macintire DVM MS DACVIM DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2010,20(1):132-142
Objective – To determine if oseltamivir with standard therapy for canine parvoviral enteritis ameliorates disease morbidity, mortality, or both; to document significant adverse effects associated with its use.
Design – Prospective, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Setting – University veterinary teaching hospital.
Animals – Thirty-five dogs.
Interventions – Standard therapy was administered to all dogs. Treatment dogs also received oseltamivir, while control dogs received an equivalent volume of placebo.
Measurements and Main Results – Dogs were monitored daily according to a clinical scoring system, physical parameters, and diagnostic evaluations. Dogs in the treatment group gained a significant percentage of weight during hospitalization (mean, +2.6%; SD, 7.1%) versus the control dogs (mean, −4.5%; SD, 6.9%) ( P =0.006). Treatment dogs did not have any significant changes in their white blood cell (WBC) count, while control dogs experienced a significant drop in their WBC counts during their initial stay. In addition, it did not appear that oseltamivir use was associated with any major adverse clinical effects.
Conclusions – While a clear advantage to the use of oseltamivir was not established, a significant weight loss during hospitalization, as well as a significant decrease in WBC count were documented in the control group. No major adverse effects were identified that could be associated with oseltamivir administration. Based on these results, the true role of oseltamivir in the treatment of parvoviral enteritis remains speculative, although it is believed that further investigation is warranted. 相似文献
Design – Prospective, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Setting – University veterinary teaching hospital.
Animals – Thirty-five dogs.
Interventions – Standard therapy was administered to all dogs. Treatment dogs also received oseltamivir, while control dogs received an equivalent volume of placebo.
Measurements and Main Results – Dogs were monitored daily according to a clinical scoring system, physical parameters, and diagnostic evaluations. Dogs in the treatment group gained a significant percentage of weight during hospitalization (mean, +2.6%; SD, 7.1%) versus the control dogs (mean, −4.5%; SD, 6.9%) ( P =0.006). Treatment dogs did not have any significant changes in their white blood cell (WBC) count, while control dogs experienced a significant drop in their WBC counts during their initial stay. In addition, it did not appear that oseltamivir use was associated with any major adverse clinical effects.
Conclusions – While a clear advantage to the use of oseltamivir was not established, a significant weight loss during hospitalization, as well as a significant decrease in WBC count were documented in the control group. No major adverse effects were identified that could be associated with oseltamivir administration. Based on these results, the true role of oseltamivir in the treatment of parvoviral enteritis remains speculative, although it is believed that further investigation is warranted. 相似文献
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病毒受体及其研究现状 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
受体在宿主细胞与病毒的相互作用中起着极其重要的作用。病毒受体的特性与病毒的宿主范围、组织嗜性有密切关系,是病毒致病性的主要因素之一。病毒受体的研究方法有经典的研究方法,也有现代分子生物学方法。在病毒受体的研究中,通常以分离纯化的细胞膜代替活体细胞来研究病毒受体。通过对病毒与细胞受体相互作用的深入研究,人们已经发现很多受体阻断剂例如植物凝集素和肝素等物质可以阻断病毒与受体的结合,从而为病毒病的防控提供繁殖一些有效的新方法。 相似文献
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反刍动物瘤胃发酵所产生的甲烷通过嗳气经口排出体外,不仅会使饲料的利用率降低,也会加剧温室效应。因此,减少反刍动物瘤胃甲烷的排放量对经济和环境双方面都具有重要意义。主要对反刍动物的甲烷产生机制、甲烷排放量的影响因素以及甲烷抑制剂种类等方面进行了综述。 相似文献
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T B Tjaberg 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1974,15(4):487-506
In this study the influence of bovine serum protease inhibitors, trypsin and proteases produced by different types of Clostridium botulinum has been investigated. Trypsin and botulinum proteases had the capability of increasing the toxicity in growing cultures in Clostridium botulinum types A, B and E. Trypsin increased the toxin level to a greater extent than proteases from Clostridium botulinum types A, B, C and F. Protease inhibitors did not influence the toxin formation to any extent compared with the controls. The combined effects of proteases and protease inhibitors on the development of toxin in Clostridium botulinum type B were also investigated by adding proteases and protease inhibitors to the same culture at different time intervals. Protease inhibitors did not reduce the toxicity of the cultures as compared to the controls. Altogether a complex relationship seems to exist between protoxin, toxin, proteases and inhibitors in the culture, and the order and time sequence of addition seem to be of importance. The results obtained in this investigation indicate that proteases of Clostridium botulinum play a part in the formation and/or activation of toxin in growing cultures of proteolytic strains such as Clostridium botulinum types A and B. As to the activation of protoxin and progenitor toxin produced by non-proteolytic Clostridium botulinum types B and E, botulinum proteases showed a marked capability of increasing the toxicity in these cultures. Trypsinization may be valuable for the detection of Clostridium botulinum types A and B in foods, as well as for type E, where it is commonly used. 相似文献
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[目的]研究乙酰辅酶A羧化酶抑制剂对肥胖小鼠肥胖程度的影响。[方法]建立肥胖动物模型,然后随机分组,试验组以乙酰辅酶A羧化酶抑制剂按照50mg/(kg.bw.d)的剂量灌胃,对照组小鼠以去离子水灌胃。给药过程中,记录小鼠采食量和饮水量的变化情况。给药3周后,测定体重和体长,进行李氏指数的计算;称量脂肪,计算性器官周围脂肪占小鼠体重的比重;测定血清中胆固醇和甘油三酯的相对含量。[结果]乙酰辅酶A羧化酶抑制剂能抑制小鼠体重的增加,可减少肥胖小鼠的肥胖程度;能降低肥胖小鼠血清中的甘油三酯和胆固醇含量。[结论]乙酰辅酶A羧化酶抑制剂对肥胖小鼠有减肥作用,对小鼠的正常饮食没有明显影响。 相似文献
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Germination tests were carried out with fresh seed of 30 ecotypes of Cenchrus ciliaris produced under uniform conditions. Untreated seeds were compared with washed and shelled seeds. The percentage germination of untreated seed varied between 0% and 48%, with an average of 16.20%. In comparison with this, the percentage germination of washed seed varied between 0% and 33%, with an average of 13.13%, and that of shelled seed varied between 10% and 81%, with an average of 46.10%. This confirms that there are substances present in the structures surrounding the caryopsis of certain ecotypes which inhibit germination. According to this, the washing treatment, which is recommended by the International Seed Testing Association, appears to have a slight depressing, or no, effect on the germination of fresh seed. However, distinct differences between ecotypes, for untreated as well as shelled seed, were found. For 19 of the ecotypes there was a highly significant better germination when the seed was shelled. A further four ecotypes showed a noticeable difference, although not significant, and for seven ecotypes shelling had no effect. 相似文献
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Troy GC Huckle WR Rossmeisl JH Panciera D Lanz O Robertson JL Ward DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(1):144-150
To evaluate the relationship between endostatin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cancers of dogs, circulating concentrations of these 2 tumor-associated markers were measured prospectively in healthy dogs (n = 44), dogs with tumors (n = 54), and dogs with nonneoplastic diseases (n = 42 for endostatin; n = 16 for VEGF). A canine-directed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used for determination of endostatin, and a human-directed kit was validated for detection of canine VEGF. Concentrations of endostatin for all dogs were 28-408 ng/mL. Increasing serum endostatin concentration was associated with increasing age (P = .0396). Concentrations of endostatin were not different among groups of dogs (P = .1989) when adjusted for age. Mean endostatin concentrations for all dogs were higher in dogs (P = .0124) with detectable VEGF concentrations. Endostatin concentrations, when corrected for age, were related to decreasing PCV (P = .032) but not white blood cell count (P = .225) or platelet count (P = .1990). Measurable VEGF (> or = 2.5 pg/mL) was detected in 3 (7.0%) of 43 healthy dogs. Dogs with tumors had detectable VEGF in 24 (44%) of 54 dogs, with concentrations ranging from 2.5-274 pg/mL; only 1 dog with a nonneoplastic disease process had detectable VEGF. VEGF concentrations for all dogs after correcting for age, endostatin, and disease categories were associated with increased white blood cell count (P = .0032) and platelet counts (P = .0064) and decreased PCV (P = .0017). Linkage between increased endostatin and VEGF concentrations suggests that similar factors may influence concentrations of these markers. Further evaluation of endostatin and VEGF associations in dogs with tumors may provide information on the extent and progression of the disease. 相似文献