共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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《分子植物育种》2020,(15)
薏苡是传统药食兼用经济作物,本研究基于AFLP分子标记技术对来自贵州、云南、广西3省24份优良材料的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行分析,以期为薏苡杂交组合选配和种质创制提供遗传基础。结果表明:我们筛选出的8对引物组合共扩增条带996个,其中多态性为792条,多态性百分率的平均为79.52%,揭示薏苡种质中存在丰富遗传多样性;24份种质的遗传距离范围在0.189 6～0.485 4之间,相似系数变异范围为0.615 5～0.840 4,平均相似系数为0.730 9,薏苡种质资源的遗传相似系数较小;根据遗传相似性系数进行聚类分析,当遗传相似系数为0.718 5时,24份薏苡种质资源在遗传聚类上被分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ大类,其中CK与S1种质资源分别为第Ⅰ、Ⅳ类群,由Y81、Y81F组成第Ⅲ类群,第Ⅱ类又可以分为3个亚类有20份种质;主成分分析发现材料间分布分散,说明24份薏苡种质资源之间存在较大遗传变异,分子主效应分析结果与分子聚类结果一致。从而说明AFLP是研究薏苡种质资源遗传多态性及亲缘关系的有效手段之一,为薏苡亲本组合选配、种质创制和遗传育种提供遗传基础数据。 相似文献
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燕山板栗种质资源AFLP遗传多样性分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为研究燕山板栗的遗传多样性,用扩增片段长度多态性(amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP)技术对44份板栗种质的遗传多样性及遗传距离进行分析,其中36份原产燕山地区的种质中有18份为野生种质和18份为栽培品种,另外8份为原产山东的品种.共检测了384个AFLP位点,有217个是多态性位点,占56.5%,这表明了所检测的板栗材料中存在着明显的遗传多样性.用NT.SYS软件对44份板栗种质进行聚类分析.所有材料聚成4个类群,其中燕山地区原产的板栗材料被聚为3个类群,山东起源的被聚类为1个独立的类群.在所分析的44份材料中,遗传距离在0.0292和0.2214之间.燕山板栗和外来板栗存在着明显的差异,本研究结果与本实验室用RAPD技术分析的结果是一致的.结果对这些板栗材料在育种中的应用具有重要指导意义. 相似文献
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《分子植物育种》2021,19(6):2048-2056
为明确苏子种质资源亲缘关系,本研究以收集的44份苏子种质资源为材料,采用SSR、AFLP和SRAP分子标记对其进行遗传多样性和聚类分析。结果表明,SSR、SRAP和AFLP引物的平均多态性分别为63.6%、85.2%和92.6%,44份种质间的遗传相似系数为0.717～0.967 (平均为0.864);在遗传相似系数0.762处,44份苏子材料可分为2大类,黄陵苏子和玉泉苏子聚为第Ⅰ类,其余42份材料聚为第Ⅱ类;在相似系数0.84处,可将第二类分为4个亚类。从主成分分析二维图结果来看,44份材料分成5个组,黄陵苏子和玉泉苏子为一组,与其它几组距离较远。本研究结果说明这些苏子种质之间遗传多样性较低,但部分材料间存在较大遗传差异,其中黄陵苏子和玉泉苏子与其他42份材料亲缘关系较远。本研究综合采用了3种标记进行苏子遗传多样性的评价,可为优异种质的创新利用提供理论参考,也为后续大规模的评价鉴定提供依据。 相似文献
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应用RAPD标记进行茶树优异种质遗传多态性、亲缘关系分析与分子鉴别 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
采用RAPD分子标记技术,对茶树优异种质资源的遗传多态性、亲缘关系和分子鉴别进行了研究。结果表明,20个引物在15份优异资源中得到1050个RAPD位点,平均52．5个位点／引物,70个位点／资源。在所获得的137条可重现谱带中,8条是单态的,129条是多态的,多态性程度达94．2％;引物的多态性相对频度为0．24～0．83,总平均为0．47;遗传距离在0．16～0．62之间,平均为0．37,这可能与我国是茶树的原产地和起源中心有密切关系。RAPD数据的类平均法聚类结果显示,15份资源可划分为3个类群,从相似性系数讨论了资源间的亲缘关系。应用12个引物产生的20个特异标记的存在和11个特异的缺失,可以鉴别所有15份优异茶树种质资源。RAPD可以作为茶树优异种质资源遗传多态性、系统演化和分子鉴别研究的有效手段之一。 相似文献
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显性核不育亚麻种质资源聚类分析及核心种质库的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为核不育亚麻资源的有效利用提供依据,构建了核不育亚麻核心种质库。以78份核不育亚麻资源材料为研究材料,通过10个农艺性状的形态学观察、RAPD标记和聚类分析,采用随机抽样和最大遗传距离法结合的策略,构建了由22个材料组成的核心种质库。通过各性状的均值、方差、变幅及变幅保持率等进行评价。结果表明,根据10个农艺性状聚类分析结果,将78份不育亚麻种质资源,可分为8个类群,其欧氏距离在0.394 0～10.709 1之间,均值为4.050 0。而根据RAPD遗传多样性分析结果,将其可分为3个类群,其遗传相异系数在0.013～0.897之间,均值为0.361。构建的核不育亚麻核心种质库基本上能够代表原有种质资源的遗传多样性。 相似文献
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为了筛选出优异的扁蓿豆育种新材料,本研究采用AFLP和SSR分子标记技术对来自于中国7个省市自治区的15份扁蓿豆种质资源进行遗传多样性的比较分析,结果表明:18对SSR引物扩增出109个多态位点,8个AFLP引物组合扩增出640条带,其中472条多态带.AFLP标记的平均Nei′s遗传多样性指数、Shannon多样性指数和遗传分化系数均高于SSR标记.15份扁蓿豆种质的遗传距离和遗传相似系数与地理类群很接近.AFLP和SSR数据的聚类分析显示:15份扁蓿豆种质分为4大类,但是聚类结果与地理类群不完全相符,主成分结果与聚类结果相似,Mantel 检测表明:AFLP和SSR数据有较高的显著相关性,AFLP和SSR标记能够有效地对扁蓿豆进行遗传多样性分析,其结果为扁蓿豆育种和资源保护具有指导意义. 相似文献
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42份糯高粱种质资源的SSR标记遗传多样性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《分子植物育种》2015,(9)
种质资源遗传多样性是育种的基础。为研究糯高粱品种之间的遗传关系,本研究利用36对SSR引物分析了42份糯高粱种质资源的遗传多样性。结果表明,36个引物共检测到88个等位基因,平均每对引物检测到2.44个;36个引物的平均多态信息量为0.363,变幅0.132~0.685,引物的Shannon指数分布范围为0.271 2~1.354 0,平均为0.692 3。42份糯高粱种质资源的平均遗传相似系数为0.579,变幅0.273~0.977;UPGMA聚类分析将42份糯高粱品种划分为四大类,分类结果基本反映了品种间的亲缘关系,同时说明供试的糯高粱种质资源具有较为丰富的遗传多样性。 相似文献
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龙眼种质资源的RAPD分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用RAPD技术对龙眼的95份种质资源和一份荔枝种质资源进行研究。从200条随机引物中筛选出18条多态性引物,共扩增出197条带,DNA扩增带的多态性为100%,这表明96份材料的遗传多样性和遗传资源的丰富性。利用SPSS13.0统计软件对RAPD表型数据矩阵进行分析。根据欧氏距离（ED）法计算各样品间的遗传距离,采用UPGMA（类平均法）,进行分析,建立亲缘关系聚类树状图。结果表明,RAPD标记能在分子水平揭示龙眼的遗传背景与亲缘关系 相似文献
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RAPD和AFLP标记分析中国马铃薯主要品种的遗传多样性 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
采用RAPD 和AFLP两种方法分析71份中国各地马铃薯主要品种,均可将其完全区分,并可对其进行分子鉴定;证明中国马铃薯主要品种遗传组成上差异小,遗传多样性差。由于标记方法的原理差异和栽培马铃薯遗传组成复杂性,用2种方法分类的结果有所差异。AFLP标记检测获得的Shannon-weaver指数和Simpson指数均高于RAPD标记检测的结果,AFLP标记检测多态性的能力远高于RAPD标记。AFLP标记平均每个引物组合检测到100.1个位点,其中54.9条为多态性位点,而RAPD标记的相应数据分别为12.5和9.8个。不同的标记方法在马铃薯遗传多样性研究中存在差异,聚类结果从分子水平反映了中国现有主要马铃薯品种遗传基础的狭窄。 相似文献
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用RAPD、ISSR和AFLP标记分析系谱关系明确的甘薯品种的亲缘关系 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24
用RAPD、ISSR和AFLP标记对系谱关系明确的7个甘薯品种进行了亲缘关系分析。24个RAPD引物、14个ISSR引物和9对AFLP引物分别扩增出173、174和168条多态性带。3种分子标记在检测甘薯品种间遗传差异上相关程度高，其中RAPD与ISSR之间的相关系数最大为0.9328。用ISSR标记估计的品种间遗传距离为0.1286~1.0932，平均0.4883，大于其余2个标记的估计值。3种分子标记皆可揭示甘薯品种的亲缘关系，其中ISSR标记产生的聚类图与系谱图最吻合，认为ISSR标记更适于分析甘薯品种的亲缘关系。 相似文献
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石斛种质资源遗传多样性的RAPD分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
利用RAPD技术对10种石斛种质资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系进行了分析。从100条10bp的RAPD引物中筛选获得17条多态性引物,对石斛属的10个种的基因组DNA进行扩增。共获得200条多态性带,平均每个引物产生11.8个多态性条带。材料间遗传相似系数变化范围为0.356~0.676。根据RAPD标记的结果,采用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,将石斛属的10个种区分开来,划分为4类。结果表明：RAPD标记技术较好地从分子水平上揭示石斛种质资源的遗传背景、亲缘关系。 相似文献
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Jorge Luis Fuentes Fabio Escobar Alba Alvarez Geraldo Gallego Miriam Cristina Duque Mirle Ferrer Juan Enrrique Deus Joe M. Tohme 《Euphytica》1999,109(2):107-115
A survey of the genetic diversity among the major cuban rice cultivars was conducted using isozyme, RAPD and AFLP markers.
Polymorphisms were detected for esterases, peroxidases, alcohol dehydrogenases and polyphenoloxidases systems; 21 RAPD primers
and four AFLP primer combinations. Heterozygosity arithmetic mean value (Hav(p)), the effective multiplex ratio (EMR) and the marker index (MI), were calculated for isozyme, RAPD and AFLP markers. The
mean value of genetic similarity among the different varieties was 0.92 for isozyme, 0.73 for RAPD and 0.58 for AFLP analyses.
Thus, AFLP were able to detect polymorphisms with higher efficiency than RAPD (+15%) and isozyme (+34%). Data from the isozyme,
RAPD and AFLP analyses were used to compute matrices of genetic similarities. The efficiency of the UPGMA for the estimation
of genetic relatedness among varieties was supported by cophenetic correlation coefficients. The resulting values indicated
that the distortion level for the estimated similarities was minimal. The correlation coefficients obtained by the Mantel
matrix correspondence test, which was used to compare the cophenetic matrices for the different markers, showed that estimated
values of genetic relationship given for isozyme and RAPD markers (r = 0.89), as well as for AFLP and RAPD markers (r = 0.82)
were properly related. However, AFLP and isozyme data showed only moderate correlation (r = 0.63). Although the genetic variability
found among the different cultivars was low, both RAPD and AFLP markers proved to be efficient tools in assessing the genetic
diversity of rice genotypes.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Forty-one apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) cultivars were screened for RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and AFLP(Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism)
markers. RAPD analysis was performed with 35 arbitrary 10-mer primers, selected from 60 primers tested (kits A, C and E, Operon
Technologies, Inc.). Of a total of 362bands observed, 208 (57.5%) were polymorphic. Three-hundred-and-eighty-one AFLP fragments
were obtained with 8primer combinations, of which 218 (57.2%) were polymorphic. Cultivars differentiated through mutation
were included in this study and showed identical patterns when analysed with both RAPD and AFLP analysis. The estimated genetic
relationships were correlated (r = 73.7%) between the analysis with the two different markers. UPGMA analysis was performed
and dendrograms were constructed using either the data apart from each(RAPD and AFLP) method or combined in a single joint
matrix. The relationships among the forty-one studied cultivars were basically consistent with the known lineage and geographic
origins of the cultivars. The four Portuguese cultivars included in this study clustered together and diverged from the other
cultivars. Apparently they constitute an independent genetic pool, which could be of interest for apple plant breeders.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Summary Carthamus tinctorius (2n = 2x = 24) (family Asteraceae), commonly known as safflower, is widely cultivated in agricultural production systems of Asia,
Europe, Australia and the Americas as a source of high-quality vegetable and industrial oil. India ranks first in the production
of safflower oil. Fourteen cultivars, widely cultivated in various agro-climatic regions of India, have been fingerprinted
by RAPD, ISSR, and AFLP markers utilizing 36, 21 primers, and 4 primer combinations, respectively. On an individual assay
basis, AFLP has proven to be the best marker system as compared with the other two markers applied as assessed by high discriminating
power (0.98), assay efficiency index (33.2), marker index (18.2), resolving power (40.62), and genotype index (0.856). Thirty-six
RAPD and 21 SSR primers could differentiate a maximum of eight and four cultivars, respectively, whereas, two AFLP primer
combinations could fingerprint all the 14 cultivars. To understand genetic relationships among these cultivars, Jaccard's
similarity coefficient and UPGMA clustering algorithm were applied to the three marker data sets. Mean genetic similarities
ranged from 0.689 (AFLP) to 0.952 (ISSR). Correlation coefficient comparisons between similarity matrices and co-phenetic
matrices obtained with the three markers revealed that AFLP displayed no congruence vis-a-vis RAPD and ISSR data. However,
strong correlation was observed between RAPD and ISSR marker systems. This paper reports the start of molecular biology programme
targeting nuclear genome of safflower, a major world oilseed crop about whose genetics very little is known. 相似文献
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