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1.
过瘤胃葡萄糖对泌乳奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
研究过瘤胃葡萄糖对泌乳奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响.试验选用20头中国荷斯坦奶牛,按照胎次、体况及产奶量随机分成A、B两组(n=10).A组牛为对照组,饲喂奶牛场 原有基础日粮+2%脂肪粉;B组为试验组,饲喂基础+2%过瘤胃葡萄糖.结果表明,与A对照组相比较,添加过瘤胃葡萄糖后显著增加了奶牛产奶量(P<0.01),平均提高8.71kg/d;过瘤胃葡萄糖对乳脂率、乳蛋白率及乳中干物质含量均无明显变化,差异不显著(P>0.05).在试验条件下,过瘤胃葡萄糖可显著提高泌乳奶牛产奶量. 相似文献
2.
过瘤胃蛋氨酸对奶牛产奶量以及乳成分的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
选用16头泌乳中期奶牛,每头牛饲喂过瘤胃蛋氨酸(SmartamineTM)0、8、12和16g/d,研究其对泌乳中期奶牛产奶量以及乳成分的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,补饲12和16g/d过瘤胃蛋氨酸能提高泌乳中期奶牛产奶量,补饲8g/d过瘤胃蛋氨酸奶牛产奶量下降5.73%;12g/d组产奶量提高0.62%,但差异均不显著;16g/d组产奶量提高10.84%,差异显著。补饲过瘤胃蛋氨酸能提高乳蛋白率和乳脂率水平,但差异不显著。补饲16g/d过瘤胃蛋氨酸牛奶乳蛋白量提高11.49%,乳脂肪量提高了13.11%。 相似文献
3.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(10)
为了研究日粮不同能量水平对奶牛泌乳及繁殖性能的影响,试验选取泌乳量35 kg/d以上,年龄、胎次相近的健康成年奶牛40头,随机分为4组,每组10头。产后分别在基础日粮基础上饲喂过瘤胃脂肪250 g(1组)、乳泌宝250 g(2组)、过瘤胃脂肪250 g+乳泌宝250 g(3组)以及不添加过瘤胃脂肪的对照组。结果表明:1,2,3组与对照组产奶量差异显著(P0.05);1,2,3组与对照组乳脂肪、乳蛋白质、乳糖、总固形物含量差异不显著(P0.05);第一次配种妊娠率3组较对照组有所提高;奶牛第一次发情时间及配种天数、产后配种妊娠天数1,2,3组较对照组缩短。说明随着日粮能量水平的增加,产奶量提高,乳品质得到改善,奶牛繁殖性能提高。 相似文献
4.
本试验旨在探究不同比例过瘤胃豆粕替代常规豆粕对奶牛生产性能及血浆生化指标的影响。选择胎次、体重、平均泌乳量和泌乳天数相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛60头,随机分为4组,每组15头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组用过瘤胃豆粕替代基础饲粮中12.5%的常规豆粕,试验Ⅱ组用过瘤胃豆粕替代基础饲粮中25.0%的常规豆粕,试验Ⅲ组用过瘤胃豆粕替代基础饲粮中50.0%的常规豆粕。预试期为15 d,正试期为45 d。结果表明:1)各试验组奶牛的干物质采食量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且随着过瘤胃豆粕替代比例的增加而升高,但各试验组之间均差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)各试验组奶牛的产奶量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且随着过瘤胃豆粕替代比例的增加而显著升高(P<0.05)。试验Ⅲ组奶牛的乳蛋白率显著高于试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅰ组和对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅱ组奶牛的乳尿素氮含量显著高于试验Ⅰ组和对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间奶牛的乳脂率、乳糖率、非脂乳固体、乳体细胞数差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)各试验组血浆总蛋白和葡萄糖含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且随着过瘤胃豆粕替代比例的增加而显著升高(P<0.05)。各组间血浆尿素氮含量及谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性差异均不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,在我国规模化奶牛场应用过瘤胃豆粕替代常规豆粕可以提高奶牛的干物质采食量,改善乳成分,同时改善奶牛机体代谢。在本试验条件下,以过瘤胃豆粕替代基础饲粮中50.0%的常规豆粕效果最佳。 相似文献
5.
《当代畜禽养殖业》2008,(1)
为筛选奶牛泌乳期系列饲料配方,试验选用30头泌乳后期奶牛,参考胎次、产奶量、泌乳天数、膘情、体型等因素,采用随机区组对比设计,分为4组,即对照组、试验1组、试验2组和试验3组,组间差异不显著。对照组饲喂奶牛场使用的精料补充料,试验1组、试验2组和试验3组分别饲喂专门设计的奶牛饲料精料补充料A、B和C系列。结果表明:泌乳前期试验2组奶牛产奶量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),泌乳中期试验组产奶量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),泌乳后期试验组奶牛产奶量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中以试验2组,即B饲料配方效果最为显著,显著高于其它各组(P<0.05)。泌乳前期试验组奶牛乳蛋白、乳脂率和乳干物质含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但试验组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。泌乳中期和泌乳后期试验组奶牛乳蛋白、乳脂率和乳干物质含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验2组奶牛乳蛋白、乳脂率和乳干物质含量均显著高于试验1组和试验3组(P<0.05)。乳糖含量无显著变化(P>0.05)。由此可知,试验2组,即B系列饲料配方可以显著提高产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白、乳干物质含量及日粮养分消化率。 相似文献
6.
添加奶牛浓缩料对奶牛乳品质和产奶量的影响 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
选择年龄、胎次、泌乳月份 (泌乳中后期 )基本一致的泌乳母牛 36头 (邓川牛×荷斯坦牛 ) ,随机配对分为 3组 ,每组 12头 ,对照组按当地传统方法饲喂 (基础日粮 ) ,试验A组和试验B组在传统方法饲喂的基础上每头牛每天分别补饲5 0 0g奶牛浓缩料 (基础日粮 +5 0 0 g奶牛浓缩料 )和 10 0 0 g奶牛浓缩料 (基础日粮 +10 0 0g奶牛浓缩料 ) ,经过 10 6d的补饲试验 ,结果表明 :(1)添加奶牛浓缩料 ,提高了乳密度、乳蛋白、乳脂率 ,试验B组与对照组有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,试验A组与对照组及试验B组差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;(2 )添加奶牛浓缩料 ,提高了产奶量和经济效益 ,平均每天增奶2 6 6kg(试验A组 )和 5 .5 4kg(试验B组 ) ,分别增加收入 1.33和 2 .89元 ;(3)添加奶牛浓缩料 ,能较好地维持泌乳曲线 ;(4 )从乳品质、产奶量和经济效益等指标来看 ,以每天添加 10 0 0g效果最好。 相似文献
7.
选取产后10～15d,年龄、胎次、产奶量相近,年产奶量大于6t的荷斯坦奶牛24头,随机分为4组,每组各6头.Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中每头每天添加200,300和400g过瘤胃葡萄糖,Ⅳ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮.过瘤胃葡萄糖分早、晚2次混于精料中,任其自由采食,饲喂期20d.通过对试验奶牛在饲喂前、饲喂后10d和20d的产奶量、乳汁成分的分析.结果显示,与对照组比较,Ⅰ组产奶量极显著升高(P<0.01);乳脂肪、乳蛋白、乳糖水平均不显著(P>0.05).表明过瘤胃葡萄糖能提高奶牛泌乳性能. 相似文献
8.
选择年龄、胎次、泌乳月份(泌乳中后期)基本一致的泌乳母牛36头(邓川牛×荷斯坦牛)，随机配对分为3组，每组12头，对照组按当地传统方法饲喂(基础日粮)，试验A组和试验B组在传统方法饲喂的基础上每头每天分别补饲500g奶牛浓缩料和1000g奶牛浓缩料，经过106d的补饲试验，结果表明(1)添加奶牛浓缩料，提高了乳密度、乳蛋白、乳脂率，试验B组与对照组有显著差异(P＜0.05)，而试验A组与对照组及试验B组间差异不显著(P＞0.05)；(2)添加奶牛浓缩料，提高了产奶量和经济效益，平均每天增奶2.66kg(试验A组)和5.54kg(试验B组)，分别增加收入1.33元和2.89元；(3)添加奶牛浓缩料，能较好地维持泌乳曲线；(4)从乳品质、产奶量和经济效益等指标来看，以每天添加1000g效果最好。 相似文献
9.
选用15头泌乳中期的荷斯坦奶牛，研究糊化羟甲基蛋氨酸钙对泌乳中期的奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响。将试验牛分为3组，分别饲喂糊化羟甲基蛋氨酸钙（A组）、羟甲基蛋氨酸钙（B组）和对照组（C组）,A组和B组的添加量分别为400 g和20 g。试验结果表明：A组和B组产奶量比C组分别提高4.97%和3.99%，差异显著(P<0.05)；3组试验牛的采食量差异不显著(P>0.05)；A组和B组乳脂率比C组提高5.26%和3.99% (P<0.05)；3组试验牛乳蛋白率、非脂固形物、全脂固形物、乳糖都差异不显著(P>0.05)。本研究结果表明，补饲糊化羟甲基蛋氨酸钙能增加产奶量，提高乳脂率含量，提高奶牛的养殖经济效益。 相似文献
10.
11.
为研究不同过瘤胃氨基酸高能复合物对奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响,试验选择胎次(3～5胎)、产奶量、产犊日期相近,体重(600±20)kg健康荷斯坦泌乳高峰期奶牛24头,随机分为4组,每组6头。1组为对照组,饲喂牛场常规日粮;2、3、4组为试验组,分别在常规日粮基础上添加过瘤胃氨基酸高能复合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ500 g/(d.头)。正式期60 d。结果表明:奶牛日粮中添加过瘤胃氨基酸高能复合物后,均可明显提高奶牛产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率及乳中总干物质含量。尤其是复合物Ⅲ,添加效果最为理想,平均日产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率及总干物质含量分别比对照组提高21.19%(P<0.05)、21.31%(P<0.05)、9.72%(P<0.05)和10.34%(P<0.05),平均日校正乳产量提高35.70%(P<0.05)。 相似文献
12.
P H Robinson W Chalupa C J Sniffen W E Julien H Sato T Fujieda K Watanabe H Suzuki 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(10):2781-2792
Four multiparous Holstein cows were fed a basal diet balanced with the Cornell Net Protein and Carbohydrate System (CNCPS). Diets were formulated to be co-limiting in intestinally absorbable supplies of methionine, lysine, and isoleucine. Cows were supplemented with no amino acids (control); lysine and methionine in a ruminally protected form; isoleucine by abomasal infusion; or lysine, methionine, and isoleucine in a 4x4 Latin square arrangement of treatments with 28-d periods. Performance of cows on all treatments was lower than expected due to low intake of DM that could have been caused by the high fiber level of the basal diet. This high fiber level was likely responsible for the high daily chewing times for cows fed all diets, which was consistent with the high ruminal pH values. Intake of DM and its components were not influenced by any treatment. Milk protein percentage tended to be higher when cows were fed diets supplemented with ruminally protected lysine and methionine; however, production of milk, milk fat, and milk lactose were not affected by any treatment. Cows tended to have a higher milk lactose proportion and tended to produce more milk and milk lactose when they were abomasally infused with isoleucine alone. However, when cows were supplemented with all three amino acids, milk production and composition did not differ from that of cows fed the unsupplemented diet. Use of the CNCPS to evaluate the performance of the cows fed the unsupplemented diet suggested that these cows may have been colimited by intestinally absorbable supplies of lysine, isoleucine, and methionine in addition to metabolizable protein. Evaluation of the unsupplemented diet with an alternate model, Shield, suggested that cows fed the unsupplemented diet may have been colimited by intestinally absorbable supplies of lysine, isoleucine, and arginine. Results suggest that enhanced delivery of intestinally absorbable isoleucine may stimulate milk lactose synthesis. 相似文献
13.
选择20头荷斯坦高产牛,采用配对分组设计分为对照组和试验组,每组各10头。对照组使用原日粮,试验组产前21d每天在日粮中添加繁奶康125g,于分娩当天添加量增至300g直到试验结束,以探讨日粮添加繁奶康对奶牛泌乳早期产奶性能(产奶量及乳品质)的影响。结果表明,补充繁奶康,产奶量、乳脂校正乳产量试验组明显高于对照组(P0.05);奶牛采食量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率及乳干物质含量两组间差异不显著(P0.05)。血液指标谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性两组间无显著差异(P0.05),高产奶牛补充繁奶康对泌乳早期产奶性能有较好的改善作用。 相似文献
14.
饲喂高淀粉饲粮时不同瘤胃降解淀粉水平对奶牛泌乳性能、营养物质表观消化率和氮平衡的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲喂高淀粉饲粮时不同瘤胃降解淀粉水平对奶牛泌乳性能、营养物质表观消化率和氮平衡的影响。选用10头荷斯坦经产奶牛[平均泌乳天数为(214±38)d,平均乳产量为(26.2±2.4)kg/d,平均体重为(727±65)kg]作为试验动物,随机分成2组,每组5头。试验设计2种不同瘤胃降解淀粉水平的试验饲粮,分别为瘤胃降解淀粉水平为62.3%(占总淀粉的百分比)的低瘤胃降解淀粉水平饲粮(L-RDS)和瘤胃降解淀粉水平为72.1%(占总淀粉的百分比)的高瘤胃降解淀粉水平饲粮(H-RDS)。采用交叉试验设计,试验分为2期,过渡期7 d,每期试验21 d,其中适应期14 d,采样期7 d。结果显示:1)相比L-RDS组,H-RDS组有机物和淀粉的表观消化率显著升高(P0.05),中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著降低(P0.05),干物质表观消化率有升高趋势(P=0.07),蛋白质表观消化率无显著差异(P0.05)。2)相比L-RDS组,H-RDS组尿素氮及它们占摄入氮比例有降低趋势(P=0.09),摄入氮、乳氮、粪氮、尿氮和沉积氮及它们占摄入氮比例无显著变化(P0.05),尿中总嘌呤衍生物排出量和微生物蛋白产量亦无显著变化(P0.05)。3)饲粮瘤胃降解淀粉水平对奶牛干物质采食量、乳产量和乳成分均无显著影响(P0.05)。综合以上结果可知,饲喂高淀粉饲粮时不同瘤胃降解淀粉水平影响饲粮营养物质的表观消化率,对泌乳性能和氮平衡无显著影响。 相似文献
15.
饲粮中添加黄花蒿乙醇提取物对奶牛产奶性能及乳脂中共轭亚油酸含量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文旨在研究饲粮中添加黄花蒿乙醇提取物对奶牛产奶性能及乳脂中共轭亚油酸(CLA)含量的影响。试验选取体重(600±29)kg、胎次2~3胎、泌乳期(158±3)d及泌乳量(22.8±1.8)kg/d的泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛15头,采用完全随机区组设计分为3组,每组5头,进行为期40 d的饲养试验,其中1~9 d为预试期,10~40 d为正试期。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组和试验2组分别在基础饲粮中添加96和160 g/(d·头)的黄花蒿乙醇提取物。结果表明:整个试验期间,2个试验组的产奶量(第24、31和40天)、乳脂率、乳脂产量、乳蛋白率、乳蛋白产量、非脂固形物含量以及乳脂中的饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、短链脂肪酸、中链脂肪酸和长链脂肪酸含量与对照组相比均无显著差异(P0.05);2个试验组的乳脂中CLA含量分别比对照组提高了30.7%和38.6%,其中试验2组与对照组差异显著(P0.05)。由此得出,饲粮中添加适量的黄花蒿乙醇提取物对奶牛产奶性能没有明显影响,但可以提高其乳脂中CLA含量,从而优化乳脂中脂肪酸的比例。 相似文献
16.
本试验旨在研究复合水溶性维生素对春、夏季奶牛生产性能、血液生理生化指标和抗氧化性能的影响。采用2×2因子随机区组设计,选取胎次、体重相近的健康成年奶牛80头,随机分为4个处理,即Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组,4组均饲喂基础日粮,Ⅲ、Ⅳ处理在春季补充复合水溶性维生素,Ⅱ、Ⅳ处理组在夏季补充复合水溶性维生素,各组添加量均为0.02%(日粮干物质为基础),预试期7 d,正式期70 d。结果表明:在春季添加复合水溶性维生素极显著提高奶牛的平均日采食量和日产奶量(P<0.01);在夏季显著提高奶牛的平均日采食量(P<0.05),极显著提高日产奶量(P<0.01);均能极显著提高乳脂率(P<0.01),极显著降低体细胞数(P<0.01);均能显著影响淋巴细胞总数(P<0.05)。在夏季补充复合水溶性维生素能极显著增加血清总抗氧化能力、总超氧化物歧化酶(P<0.01),极显著降低乳酸脱氢酶、白蛋白、总蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和磷酸肌酸激酶含量(P<0.01)。综上所述,复合水溶性维生素可以提高奶牛的生产性能,增强奶牛非特异性免疫,改善奶牛抗氧化性能,减少夏季热应激。 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of supplemental complex water soluble vitamins on production performance, blood biochemical parameters and oxidative resistance of dairy cows in spring and summer.The experiment was designed by 2×2 factorial randomized blocks design.Eighty healthy dairy cows with similar parity and body weight were randomly divided to four groups, with 7 days of adaptation and 70 d experimental phase.The dairy cows in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed a basal diet supplemented with complex water soluble vitamins in spring.The dairy cows in group Ⅱ and Ⅳ were fed a basal diet supplemented with complex water soluble vitamins in summer.The results showed that the ADFI and daily milk yield of dairy cows receiving water soluble vitamin in spring were extremely significantly higher (P<0.01);The ADFI of dairy cows receiving water soluble vitamin was significantly higher in summer (P<0.05) and daily milk yield were extremely significantly higher (P<0.01);The butterfat rate was extremely significantly increased and SCC was extremely significantly decreased in spring and summer (P<0.01);Supplementation of water soluble vitamin was also significantly increased LYM (P<0.05).In summer, T-AOC, T-SOD were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01), and TP, CK, LDH, TP, HDL and ALB were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01) by water soluble vitamin supplementation than that of control group.In conclusion, complex water soluble vitamins could increase the production performance and non-specific immune function, improve the oxidative resistance and relieved the heat stress of the dairy cows. 相似文献
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Voigt J Gaafar K Kanitz W Precht D Becker F Schneider F Spitschak M Schönhusen U Junghans P Aschenbach JR Gäbel G 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2005,112(11):423-425
The fate of carbon from long-chain fatty acids and glucose in dairy cows which were fed with protected fat was studied using stable isotope technique. The experiment was carried out on two groups of dairy cows (n=16 in each group) during the first 15 weeks of the lactation period. The cows were fed isoenergetic and isoproteinogenous diets based on corn silage. About 1.8 kg of tapioca starch in the diet of the starch group was substituted by about 0.7 kg of rumen protected fat (Ca salts of palm oil and soybean oil) in the diet of the fat group. The carbon atoms of dietary fat were naturally depleted in 13C as compared to carbon atoms of starch. Daily milk performance and lactose output were significantly (P < 0.05) higher among the cows fed with fat diet. In comparison to the starch group, the enrichment of milk fat with 13C was significantly lower, while that of breath CO2 was significantly higher in the fat group (P < 0.05). This means the fatty acids were incorporated into milk fat in preference to metabolic oxidation. Further studies showed that blood glucose is oxidized to a lower extent and is used for the synthesis of lactose to a higher proportion if the cows were fed with the fat diet. The glucose entry rate into the body glucose pool was not different between the diets. In conclusion, the dietary fatty acids perform a glucose sparing effect and improve the glucose supply for the mammary gland. 相似文献
19.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加番茄渣发酵饲料对围产期奶牛抗氧化性能的影响。选择体质均匀,预产期、体重、胎次和泌乳量相近的围产期奶牛16头,随机分为2组,每组8头,对照组饲喂常规全混合日粮（TMR）,试验组在日粮中添加番茄渣发酵饲料（围产前期13%,围产后期11%）。预试期14 d,正试期 60 d（产前30 d至产后30 d）。结果显示,与对照组相比,围产后期试验组奶牛产奶量显著提高（P<0.05）;整个试验阶段,试验组奶牛血清GSH-Px、T-SOD和T-AOC活力均高于对照组,其中,围产前期试验组GSH-Px、T-SOD和T-AOC活力显著提高（P<0.05）,与围产前期相比,围产后期GSH-Px、T-SOD和T-AOC活力等抗氧化指标均呈下降趋势,围产后期试验组奶牛MDA含量较对照组显著降低（P<0.05）,但围产前期和围产后期间无显著差异（P>0.05）;与对照组相比,围产后期试验组红细胞、血红蛋白浓度、尿素氮、低密度胆固醇、铁含量均显著提高（P<0.05）;其他指标两组间差异均不显著（P>0.05）。综上所述,日粮中添加番茄渣发酵饲料对围产期奶牛机体的抗氧化性能和产奶量有一定提高作用。 相似文献