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以三江平原丘陵区13~48a生长白落叶松人工林为对象,实测了长白落叶松的树高、枝下高、死枝高和立木枯枝现存量,分析了其变动状况和影响因素,建立了相应的统计模型。同林分不同立木的枝下高、死枝高、冠长和立木枯枝现存量的变动系数分别为5.43%~27.84%、6.97%~51.78%、11.80%~25.63%和28.88%~137.57%;随林龄变化,枝下高与树高之比、死枝高与树高之比均呈先增加后稳定的s型曲线变化趋势,冠长与树高之比表现出先降低后稳定的变化趋势;随林龄增加,枝下高、冠长、死枝高和立木枯枝现存量均表现出S型曲线变化趋势;枝下高和冠长的主要影响因素是树高,死枝高和立木枯枝现存量的主要影响因素分别是林龄和胸径。 相似文献
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云南热带亚热带常绿阔叶林分布在云南南部及中南部,为南部热带季节性雨林,中南部亚热带季风常绿阔叶林。土壤为砖红壤和赤红壤。林分内树种繁多,林地阴暗潮湿,林木枝叶密集交错。树冠庞大。杂灌木丛生。看不清树木梢端,难以测定立木高度。因此拟利用测定枝下高来推算树高。现将团香果、刺栲、桢楠、木莲、金平石栎、大叶茶等六种热带、亚热带常绿阔叶树枝下高与树高之间相关关系及编制相关表方法叙述如下: 相似文献
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人工落叶松枝下高动态研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
林木枝下高直接影响树木的生长和树干形状 ,建立林木枝下高动态模型可以了解林木或林分的生长规律.分析了枝下高与林分密度和树高的关系,利用节子剖析数据,结合落叶松高生长数据,建立了落叶松人工林的枝下高动态预测模型.并讨论了其动态预测模型在整枝高度、树冠基部高度和合理间伐时间的确定中的应用. 相似文献
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,(11)
针对传统立木高度测量方法中存在的测量效率低、设备不易携带等缺点,以摄影测量学、单目视觉测量、图像处理等技术为基础,提出一种基于单目视觉的立木高度测量方法。该方法利用Graph Cut算法对立木图像进行分割,实现图像中立木轮廓的自动获取;通过对相机模型内各个参数进行标定,再结合相机成像原理的几何相似模型,根据相机成像的逆推模型进行求解来获取相机与立木底端间的深度信息,再利用高精度陀螺仪获取相机俯视角,通过深度信息和角度信息实现非接触条件下的树高测量。且该方法无须知道相机的运动信息,仅通过拍摄单张立木图像便可测量立木到相机的距离,并实现立木高度测量。本研究使用型号为MI 2S的小米手机(内置高精度陀螺仪)作为实验设备,验证在任意范围内树高测量模型的精度。结果表明:该方法的树高测量精度可达95.78%,最高相对误差为4.22%,具有较高的精确性和有效性,能够满足国家森林资源连二类调查中树高测量精度的要求。 相似文献
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根据 16 0株样木资料 ,以年龄 (X1)、胸径 (X2 )、树高 (X3 )、枝下高 (X4 )、冠幅 (X5)为说明变量 ,建立以立木干材材积 (Y)为基准变量的收获模型。 相似文献
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由伊春林业科研所研制的 DJ1型人工林立木打枝机,是选用 IE40 FA 二冲程汽油机为配套动力,整机由发动机、传动系统、切削工作头、操纵系统四部分组成。根据立木打枝仰角作业特点,本机采用挠性软轴传动正背形式结构,对树高在3.5米以下的枝丫打枝,可连结备用工作杆(由不 相似文献
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We developed a method for reconstructing tree crown volume from a set of eight photographs taken from the N, S, E, W, NE, NW, SE and SW. This photographic method of reconstruction includes three steps. First, canopy height and diameter are estimated from each image from the location of the topmost, rightmost and leftmost vegetated pixel; second, a rectangular bounding box around the tree is constructed from canopy dimensions derived in Step 1, and the bounding box is divided into an array of voxels; and third, each tree image is divided into a set of picture zones. The gap fraction of each picture zone is calculated from image processing. A vegetated picture zone corresponds to a gap fraction of less than 1. Each picture zone corresponds to a beam direction from the camera to the target tree, the equation of which is computed from the zone location on the picture and the camera parameters. For each vegetated picture zone, the ray-box intersection algorithm (Glassner 1989) is used to compute the sequence of voxels intersected by the beam. After processing all vegetated zones, voxels that have not been intersected by any beam are presumed to be empty and are removed from the bounding box. The estimation of crown volume can be refined by combining several photographs from different view angles. The method has been implemented in a software package called Tree Analyzer written in C++. The photographic method was tested with three-dimensional (3D) digitized plants of walnut, peach, mango and olive. The 3D-digitized plants were used to estimate crown volume directly and generate virtual perspective photographs with POV-Ray Version 3.5 (Persistence of Vision Development Team). The locations and view angles of the camera were manually controlled by input parameters. Good agreement between measured data and values inferred from the photographic method were found for canopy height, diameter and volume. The effects of voxel size, size of picture zoning, location of camera and number of pictures were also examined. 相似文献
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ZhangChao ZhangQing WangXuefeng 《中国林学(英文版)》2004,6(2):16-20
The application of digital photogrammetry to measure distribution of tree positions with stereo image couple is introduced in detail, and the procedure of stereo vision applied in forestry environment is explored. Nonlinear error in measure model is adopted in the camera calibration; the interactive correlation matching is used under constraint of epipolar line and edge of tree detected by Canny operator. Results prove that application of digital photogrammetry technology to measure distribution of tree positions can meet demand of precision in experimental conditions. 相似文献
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【目的】在林下环境中受到树木冠层的遮挡,易造成全球导航卫星系统卫星信号失锁,不能满足林下实时定位的需求。本研究引入双目立体视觉SLAM技术,在移动过程中根据周围环境中路标点的位置变化实时确定传感器的空间位置和姿态,以期在林下环境中达到实时定位的目的。【方法】实验过程中使用双目相机按照10 Hz的采集频率对3块边长为40 m的方形样地连续拍摄,按照ORB特征提取方法从图像中选择具有代表性的路标点,然后依据双目相机成像模型恢复路标点的空间位置,并由路标点的位置变化实时推算相机空间位置和姿态。最后使用光束平差法优化相机位姿和路标点坐标,进一步提高算法的定位精度。通过对比全站仪的测量结果,计算出采集路线中控制点坐标的均方根误差,验证双目立体视觉SLAM算法在林下环境中的定位精度。【结果】实验从控制点坐标定位精度和算法实时性角度对双目立体视觉SLAM算法的定位结果进行定量分析。结果显示由双目立体视觉SLAM算法计算出的相机运行轨迹和全站仪的测量轨迹基本一致,控制点坐标沿X轴、Y轴与Z轴方向的均方根误差(RMSE)分别为0.81、0.65、0.58 m;每帧图像处理时间集中分布在0.06~0.08 s之间,处理速度高于其采集频率。【结论】提出的双目立体视觉SLAM算法,在移动过程中实时确定出相机传感器的空间位置和姿态,解决了林下无法实时定位的难题,为基于移动采集方式的森林样地调查工作奠定了基础。 相似文献
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[目的]基于华北石质山区侧柏人工林2014年(3—10月)降水数据进行量化分析,探究其降水的再分配规律。[方法]采用野外定位研究方法,对不同结构(郁闭度、枝下高)侧柏人工林林冠层降水再分配特征进行分析。[结果](1)1/2枝下高0.4、0.6、0.8郁闭度林内穿透雨总量分别为181.1、168.1、147.1 mm,穿透雨率分别为78.8%、73.1%、64.0%;树干径流总量分别为6.0、5.9、3.9 mm;总树干径流率分别为4.2%、2.6%、1.7%;林冠截留总量分别为39.5、56.1、79.1 mm;林冠截留率分别为17.2%、24.4%、34.4%。(2)1/3枝下高0.4、0.6、0.8郁闭度林内穿透雨总量分别为175.6、154.8、136.0 mm,穿透雨率分别为76.4%、67.3%和59.2%,树干径流总量分别为8.3、4.9、3.3 mm,总树干径流率分别为3.6%、2.1%和1.4%,林冠截留总量分别为46.3、70.4、90.7 mm,林冠截留率分别为20.1%、30.6%和39.5%。[结论](1)侧柏人工林同一枝下高不同郁闭度林分林内穿透雨量差异不显著。2种枝下高郁闭度为0.4和0.8之间的树干径流量均存在显著差异,郁闭度0.4和0.6以及0.6和0.8之间差异不显著。(2)郁闭度为0.4、0.6、0.8时,冠厚占树高2/3(即枝下高为1/3)的林分林冠截留量分别是1/2的1.17、1.25和1.14倍。(3)2种枝下高各自不同郁闭度间林冠截留量均存在显著差异。(4)同等降雨量情况下雨强越大,林冠截留量越小;2次降雨间隔时间越长,林冠层越干燥,林冠截留能力越强;枝下高越低(即冠层厚度越大),林冠截留量越大,且随着郁闭度的增加,林冠截留量逐渐增大。 相似文献
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The paper shows a study on 2-D stem image information collected by a digital camera. Information on a single stem is obtained
through calculations after the application of the direct linear transformation model of close-range photogrammetry and binocular
stereo vision technology, so that the calculating problem between stem image information and its 2-D coordinate can be solved.
Furthermore, the 2-D processing methodology for measuring tree image information simplifies calculating equations and increases
calculating speed. Although computer stereo vision techniques for collecting parameters of a single stem shape are comparative,
complicated, and expensive, research indicates the efficiently and feasibility of close-range photogrammetry for stem image
information.
Translated from the Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2005, 27(1) (in Chinese) 相似文献
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修枝对华北落叶松人工林分生长的初期影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以河北省围场县木兰林管局管辖区的新丰林场试验林为基础,分析了修枝强度以及修枝剩余物的不同处理对华北落叶松人工林生长及冠层变化的影响。修枝强度设置3种,强(冠高比4/5)、中(冠高比7/10)、弱(冠高比3/5);对修枝剩余物处理分别为放置、清理、粉碎,并设置对照。结果表明:不同程度的修枝对林木的胸径生长率均有一定的提高作用,其中,中度修枝对林木胸径、树高生长率的促进和Vissky系数的提高较为明显;针对修枝剩余物不同处理试验的初期结果显示,粉碎处理和清理处理的林分,有利于林木胸径生长率的提高,放置处理的林分更有利于提高林木树高生长率。 相似文献
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lNTRODUCTIONTherhythInofKorcanpinegrowingandtrpearchitectUreissubjectedtoitsownl1crcd-ityandforeststructUre.Tl1cil11portantefTcctsofgapdynamicsarethereasonsthatmaketl1cKoreanpinetrceformhighqualityoftimbcr.Whilecurrentn1anagemcntofKoreanpincforestmainlyfocusesonpurestand,thccco-logicalrelationshipsbetWcenKoreanpineandothcrsPecicsinaconununityareneglected,thcprimitivebiologicalconditionislost.TheKo-reanpinetrecsinplantationcasilydivergeonthctOpofmainsten1,thesescverelyaITectthcgrOedqu… 相似文献