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B淋巴细胞的祖细胞存在于胎肝（胚胎小鼠14d或胎儿8－9周）的造血细胞岛（islandsofhaemopoieticcells）中，此后B淋巴细胞的产生和分化场所逐渐被骨髓所代替。B细胞（即B淋巴细胞）是淋巴样干细胞在鸟类法氏囊和哺乳类动物的骨髓中分化成熟而来，成熟的B细胞主要定居于淋巴结皮质浅层的淋巴小结和脾脏的红髓和白髓的淋巴小结内。成熟的B细胞经抗原或其它配体（如抗smIg）刺激活化后，进人克隆增殖状态，最后分化成熟为分泌抗体细胞（浆细胞），浆细胞能合成和分泌免疫球蛋白，主要执行机体的体液免疫（hu－moralimmunity）。在B细胞分… 相似文献
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<正> 前言用组织病理学方法,检查15—35周龄患马立克淋巴瘤鸡的羽髓,发现92.2％羽髓有淋巴细胞增生症(T—型),在病鸡的全身羽毛中都出现T—型羽髓病变(FPL),但羽髓近端常见。某些淋巴细胞增生性病变(T—型FPL)能退化成炎症,炎症由坏死组成,或是正常组织结构细胞减少、水肿和小淋巴细胞、浆细胞、异嗜细胞浸润。退 相似文献
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为研究ｒ－球蛋白制剂对雏鸡法氏囊发育的影响，１４０羽２日龄ＡＡ肉鸡被随机等分为两组。试验组鸡分别在１、２和３周龄期注射血清ｒ－球蛋白，１０ｍｇ／羽。对照组不予注射。然后用透时电镜（ＴＥＭ）观察两组鸡法氏囊的形态结构。结果表明：试验组与对照组相比，２周龄期，法氏囊淋巴滤泡内淋巴细胞数量增加，核内常染色质、胞质内线粒体、溶酶体和糙面内质网均增加。３周龄期，中淋巴细胞比例增加、淋巴细胞分裂较快。４周龄期，淋巴滤泡内“冠区”结构明显，ＩＳＥ分泌功能活跃。提示ｒ－球蛋白制剂可能对雏鸡法氏囊发育和淋巴细胞的增殖与分化有促进作用。本文还对ｒ－球蛋白制剂增强幼禽抗病能力的作用机理进行了探讨。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016,(1)
为了研究中药复方"紫黄散"对鸡免疫器官的调节作用,试验选择120只1日龄海兰褐雏鸡随机分为A组、B组、C组、D组,并在A组、B组、C组基础日粮中添加0.2,0.1,0.05 g/只紫黄散,D组为对照组,分别于30日龄、40日龄、50日龄时各组随机抽取10只鸡剖杀,取鸡胸腺和脾脏组织块,在显微镜(400×)下观察和比较各组胸腺及脾脏形态结构的变化情况,并记录免疫器官内淋巴细胞的数量变化。结果表明:试验组鸡免疫器官内的淋巴细胞数量高于对照组,且以B组效果最佳。说明中药复方"紫黄散"在一定剂量范围内能有效增加鸡免疫器官内淋巴细胞数量,进而增强鸡体的免疫力。 相似文献
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鸡大肝和大脾病的组织病理学研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
对大肝和大脾（ＢＬＳ）病自然感染病鸡和２组人工发病鸡进行了组织病理学观察。结果表明，肝和脾是ＢＬＳ病的主要靶器官，组织病理学特征是表现为肝和脾组织变性，坏死以及大量淋巴细胞，浆细胞和巨噬细胞呈围管性，结节状或弥漫性增生。人工接种病例显示，ＢＬＳ病的动态发展过程中肝细胞从颗粒变性，脂肪变性发展为坏死，在疾病的不同阶段出现不同的细胞增生，初期以淋巴细胞，浆细胞增生为主，中期以巨噬细胞增生为主，稍后又出 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2019,(12)
为了探讨鸡骨髓源树突状细胞(bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, BMDCs)的体外诱导培养方法,并分析鸡树突状细胞(DCs)的主要生物学特性,将用淋巴细胞分离液分离的鸡骨髓细胞经差速贴壁纯化后获得单个核细胞,然后经粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)和白细胞介素4(IL-4)体外诱导分化,细胞培养后第7天再加入脂多糖(LPS)继续培养48 h刺激成熟,分别于倒置显微镜和电子显微镜下进行形态变化观察,同时应用流式细胞仪对鸡骨髓源树突状细胞表面标志进行分析、鉴定。结果显示鸡骨髓细胞培养7 d后,细胞体积增大,细胞表面长出树突状小突起,细胞表面高表达MHCⅡ和CD11c分子,经LPS刺激后,突起伸长变粗,扫描电镜观察呈典型的树突状细胞形态,细胞表面MHCⅡ表达显著升高,依据上述方法成功获得大量而高纯度的鸡骨髓源树突状细胞,为进一步研究禽类DCs的生物学功能及其在某些疾病发生中的作用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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J亚群禽白血病骨髓组织与外周血病理学研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用已分离鉴定的 J 亚群禽白血病病毒内蒙株IMC10200回归实验肉鸡胚,结合自然发病病例禽骨髓组织结构、细胞形态、分布,对实验感染发病鸡的骨髓内嗜酸中、晚幼粒细胞的病理发生、增殖及数量变化进行了分析研究。结果显示,自然发病病例和实验感染IMC10200的肉鸡,其骨髓组织各系细胞数量均有所变化,尤其是嗜酸中、晚幼粒细胞数量明显增多,转化为瘤细胞,使骨髓组织结构发生改变。同时对外周血细胞的观察结果表明,在典型骨髓细胞白血病病鸡血液中可以见到上述幼稚的髓细胞,提示这些瘤细胞是在骨髓组织中异常增殖后进入血液,再向体内其他组织转移形成肿瘤。 相似文献
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为了探讨鸡骨髓源树突状细胞（bone marrow-derived dendritic cells,BMDCs）的体外诱导培养方法,并分析鸡树突状细胞（DCs）的主要生物学特性,将用淋巴细胞分离液分离的鸡骨髓细胞经差速贴壁纯化后获得单个核细胞,然后经粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）和白细胞介素4（IL-4）体外诱导分化,细胞培养后第7天再加入脂多糖（LPS）继续培养48 h刺激成熟,分别于倒置显微镜和电子显微镜下进行形态变化观察,同时应用流式细胞仪对鸡骨髓源树突状细胞表面标志进行分析、鉴定。结果显示鸡骨髓细胞培养7 d后,细胞体积增大,细胞表面长出树突状小突起,细胞表面高表达MHCⅡ和CD11c分子,经LPS刺激后,突起伸长变粗,扫描电镜观察呈典型的树突状细胞形态,细胞表面MHCⅡ表达显著升高,依据上述方法成功获得大量而高纯度的鸡骨髓源树突状细胞,为进一步研究禽类DCs的生物学功能及其在某些疾病发生中的作用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Cytologic observations of the bovine teat end 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Cells infiltrating from the vasculature and histologic components of internal tissues of teats (mammary papilla) from noninfected udder quarters were studied, using light and electron microscopy. Morphometric analysis demonstrated a progressive increase in number of infiltrating cells from the distal teat cistern (sinus papillaris) to the junction of the Furstenberg's rosette (distal termination and convergence of mucosal folds lining the teat cistern) and the streak canal (ductus papillaris). Plasma cells contributed to cellular increases in subepithelial connective tissue and were the most prevalent infiltrating cell type. Plasma cells also penetrated the basal epithelial lining of the rosette area and occasionally migrated to the luminal surface near the squamocolumnar junction. Neutrophils and monocytes contributed to the increase in cells infiltrating the epithelial lining. Few infiltrating cells were observed in epithelium and underlying stroma of the streak canal. Cytologic comparison demonstrated a reduction in all cell types from lactating to involuting phases of lactation. Greater numbers of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes were observed in teat end tissues from quarters previously infected with Staphylococcus aureus. 相似文献
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1. The effects of feeding diets containing various amounts of magnesium on plasma concentration of calcium and magnesium in the domestic hen were investigated. 2. Plasma concentrations of calcium and magnesium decreased during shell formation in all birds. 3. Plasma magnesium content and egg shell thickness were severely reduced in birds given diets containing either 207 or 132 mg Mg++/kg. 4. Using electron microscopy, a precise correlation was observed between the normal distributions of magnesium and organic material across the egg shell of the domestic hen. 相似文献
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对雏鸡骨髓内单核细胞，巨噬细胞和多核巨细胞发生的形态结构进行了光镜和电镜观察，从幼稚阶段的单核细胞开始，细胞表面出现突起，从原始阶段开始胞质内出现颗粒。随着细胞向成熟阶段发展，突起和颗粒的数量增多，巨噬细胞的形态、结构与幼稚单核细胞相近。 相似文献
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Cells from rough and smooth colonies of Moraxella bovis were examined by electron microscopy utilizing both shadowing and thin sectioning techniques. Pili were found on the surfaces of cells from rough but not smooth colonies. Pili had a peritrichoud distribution and appeared as delicate (6.5-8.5 nm in diameter), elongated unbranched filaments. When bacteria were sectioned pili did not contain central pores and appeared to originate from opacities on the surface of the cell wall. 相似文献
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Cells in the peritoneal fluid from 159 horses were examined in Giemsa stained preparations using light microscopy. Normal mesothelial cells showed an oval nucleus with finely reticular chromatin and pale blue cytoplasm. Activated mesothelial cells occurred in fluids derived from mesothelium under acute or subacute, non-septic stimulus and were remarkable for their pleomorphism and intense basophilia which may mimic neoplasia. Transformed mesothelial cells seen in chronic inflammatory fluids were sometimes phagocytic and showed conspicuous cytoplasmic vacuolation. 相似文献
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The effects of treating non-fusing myoblast variants, fu-1 and M3A, with two levels (1 X 10(-4) M and 2 X 10(-4) M) of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol synthesis, on myoblast proliferation were evaluated by measuring myoblast proliferation (counting cells) and visual inspection via phase microscopy. In the presence of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, these cells were arrested, presumably in G1. The inability of these cells to replicate did not appear to be due to a toxic effect of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, because these cells were capable of resuming proliferation once they were transferred to media lacking gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane. Cells were grown in media containing myo-[2-3H]inositol and the radioactive content of water-soluble metabolites, the end product of phosphatidylinositides hydrolysis, was quantitated. Cells were grown in the presence of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane, in addition to the loss of proliferative ability, also contained significantly less water-soluble metabolites. Therefore, it appears that there is a direct relationship between phosphatidylinositol metabolism and cell proliferation in the cell lines studied. 相似文献
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Flow cytometry and sorting proved to be a rapid method that facilitated the identification of different leukocyte populations in bovine blood and milk. After briefly incubating whole blood and milk samples in a hypotonic phosphate buffer, containing supravital acridine orange, 5 classes of leukocytes were found in the blood (lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes) and 4 in the milk (lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages) by flow cytometry. Cells were morphologically identified by fluorescent microscopy after flow cytometric sorting and by light microscopy after Papanicolaous staining. Udder parenchymal and ductal tissue cells (secretory and epithelial cells) were not found in the milk samples evaluated. Large differences in the total and differential cell counts were found in the different milk secretions. 相似文献
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C Geyer A Hafner S Pfleghaar W Hermanns 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1992,39(7):485-494
Six canine, one feline and one equine granular cell tumours (GCTs) were investigated electron microscopically and immunohistochemically. The tumours were tested for reactivity with monoclonal antibodies against vimentin and desmin and with polyclonal antibodies against cytokeratin, S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuron specific enolase (NSE). All GCTs were characterized by their PAS positive cytoplasmic granules in light microscopy, which in electron microscopy appeared as lysosome-like granules. In each case two canine GCTs were stained by the antibody against cytokeratin, vimentin and S-100 protein. Cells of the equine GCT showed reactivity with the antiserum against S-100 protein. In the feline GCT no reactivity with any of the antibodies tested was observed. These differences of the immunohistochemical reactions of GCTs suggest a nonuniform histogenesis of GCTs in domestic animals. The reactivity of the tumour cells with the antiserum against NSE is discussed. 相似文献
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J J Turek C H Lamar J F Fessler G D Bottoms 《American journal of veterinary research》1987,48(9):1363-1366
An in vitro system of cultured equine endothelial cells was evaluated as a model for endotoxin (ET) exposure in the horse. Primary cell lines from pulmonary vessels and aortas were cultured from tissues of 6 horses. Effects of ET alone with and without serum and in combination with the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor flunixin meglumine and isolated equine neutrophils were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. Cells plus serum were incubated with 10, 25, 50, or 100 micrograms of ET/ml of incubation medium for 1, 3, 8, or 24 hours. Cells without serum were cultured for 1 and 3 hours. Flunixin meglumine was used at a concentration of 20 micrograms/ml. Cells also were incubated in the presence of 1,000, 5,000, or 20,000 neutrophils/ml plus ET and in the presence of a combination of ET and flunixin meglumine for 1 or 3 hours. Endotoxin alone did not cause cell damage, and the only evidence of an effect was an increased number of secondary lysosomes at incubation hour 8. At incubation hour 24, cells appeared normal. Endotoxin plus neutrophils caused cells to become round and detach from the growth substrate. Cell pathologic changes included swollen and distorted mitochondria and cytoplasmic vacuolization. Response to the ET plus neutrophil combination was variable and ranged from 5% to 50% of the cells being affected. The variability appeared to have some correlation with cell age, as well as individual preparation of neutrophils. 相似文献
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Smith KD Vaughan-Thomas A Spiller DG Clegg PD Innes JF Comerford EJ 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(2):561-566
Cell morphology may reflect the mechanical environment of tissues and influence tissue physiology and response to injury. Normal cruciate ligaments (CLs) from disease-free stifle joints were harvested from dog breeds with a high (Labrador retriever) and low (Greyhound) risk of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture. Antibodies against the cytoskeletal components vimentin and alpha tubulin were used to analyse cell morphology; nuclei were stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, and images were collected using conventional and confocal microscopy. Both cranial and caudal CLs contained cells of heterogenous morphologies. Cells were arranged between collagen bundles and frequently had cytoplasmic processes. Some of these processes were long (type A cells), others were shorter, thicker and more branched (type B cells), and some had no processes (type C cells). Processes were frequently shown to contact other cells, extending longitudinally and transversely through the CLs. Cells with longer processes had fusiform nuclei, and those with no processes had rounded nuclei and were more frequent in the mid-substance of both CLs. Cells with long processes were more commonly noted in the CLs of the Greyhound. As contact between cells may facilitate direct communication, variances in cell morphology between breeds at a differing risk of CCL rupture may reflect differences in CL physiology. 相似文献