共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
《淡水渔业》2021,51(5)
为几种克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)养殖模式的优劣提供数据参考,对池塘单养克氏原螯虾、虾鱼混养、虾蟹混养、稻虾养殖四种模式进行比较,研究了其水体理化指标、幼虾生长、体成分、血淋巴生化等指标,试验周期60 d。结果表明:体长和体重均呈现虾单养组虾鱼组虾蟹组稻虾组;克氏原螯虾的体长增长率随时间大体呈逐渐下降的趋势;体重增长率和特定增长率则呈先升高后降低的趋势;虾单养组、虾鱼组及虾蟹组的体重增长率均在30 d达到最高,而稻虾组在40 d达到最高。四种养殖模式克氏原螯虾的体成分组成差异较大,全虾的粗蛋白含量虾蟹组显著高于另外三个组,粗脂肪含量虾单养组显著低于另外三个组,水分含量稻虾组显著高于虾单养组、虾蟹组,灰分稻虾组显著低于另外三个组。血淋巴生化指标分析表明虾蟹组和虾鱼组在总蛋白、白蛋白和血糖高于虾单养组和稻虾组,甘油三酯和转氨酶低于虾单养组和稻虾组。研究表明,从生长角度看虾单养组生长最快,从虾体成分看稻虾组最接近野生群体,从血清生化指标看虾蟹组最健康。 相似文献
2.
3.
在室内小型水体、户外中型水体及池塘大型水体3种环境下同步和异步养殖克氏原螯虾,对比了存活率、残肢率和质量变异系数等指标。小型、中型水体同步组的残肢率均显著低于异步组(P值分别为0.007、0.016);中型水体同步组的存活率显著高于异步组,P=0.006;中、大型水体同步组螯虾质量变异系数均小于异步组(P值分别为0.015、0.002)。结果显示,克氏原螯虾存在先期领域所有权现象,即"有产者原则"。人工养殖中异步放养虾苗违背该原则,易增加螯虾群体自相残杀而导致存活率下降;同步放养则符合"有产者原则",有利于降低螯虾种内格斗。试验结果为解决高密度水产养殖中克氏原螯虾自相残杀而导致的减产提供科学依据。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)在市售克氏原螯虾中携带情况调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来白斑综合征成为制约克氏原螯虾养殖的重要病害。对市场销售的克氏原螯虾抽样调查,采用PCR仪检测白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)的携带情况,结果为:湖泊养殖的克氏原螯虾不携带WSSV,池塘单养的克氏原螯虾及江河野生克氏原螯虾携带WSSV。 相似文献
11.
12.
Abstract— Australian red claw crayfish Cherax quudricarinurus were cultured in monoculture and in polyculture with male Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloricus in nine 0.02-ha earthen ponds. Red claw with an average weight of 7 g were stocked in all ponds at 2/ m2 . Tilapia with an average weight of 19 g were stocked in six ponds at either 0.5 or 1/m2 . A sinking 32% fish diet and dry alfalfa hay was provided to all ponds as feed and forage. After 135 d, red claw survival was similar (19–24%) in all treatments while average weights were 76 g in monoculture and 48 g in both polyculture treatments. Lower than expected survival was a result of stress caused by poor shipping conditions. Tilapia survivals were similar (84–90%) in all ponds and had an average weight of 403 g when stocked at 1/m2 and 444 g when stocked at 0.5/m2 . Red claws are generally considered non-aggressive, especially when compared with other clawed crustaceans. This lack of aggressiveness is suggested as a cause for decreased growth in polyculture with tilapia. 相似文献
13.
Red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and white river crayfish (P. acutus acutus) production for monoculture and polyculture systems were compared. The experiment consisted of three treatments with six
replicates each. The stocking rates were 43 crayfish/m2 in 0.18-m2 tanks fitted with a stand of green rice. Each tank contained six crayfish, either six individuals of the same species or
three individuals of each species. The mean stocking size for monoculture and polyculture were 32.6 ± 0.05 and 33.0 ± 0.07 mm
total length, respectively. Survival and growth was assessed at 30-day intervals over a 90-day experimental period. Survival
of two species was the same in the monoculture system (62.5%). Survival of P. clarkii in the polyculture system (25.0%) was significantly lower than in the monoculture system (62.5%), whereas P. acutus acutus survived at similar rate in the polyculture system (41.7%) and monoculture system (62.5%). Survival was lower but growth
was higher in the polyculture system than in the monoculture system for both species. Growth of P. acutus acutus in the polyculture system was significantly greater than in the monoculture system. No difference was observed in the growth
of P. clarkii between polyculture and monoculture and the overall growth of P. acutus acutus and P. clarkii was similar for the 90 days. Yield did not differ significantly between monoculture and polyculture systems (P < 0.05). Total yields were in 1.15 kg/ha in monoculture and 1.18 kg/ha in polyculture. 相似文献
14.
鱼蚌混养对池塘水质、藻相结构及三角帆蚌生长的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
2012年4月26日—2012年12月12日通过在鲢鳙鱼养殖池塘中放养不同密度的三角帆蚌,研究不同三角帆蚌放养比例对鲢鳙鱼养殖池塘中水质、藻相结构及三角帆蚌生长的影响。实验中,鲢鳙放养比例统一为3∶7,总密度为1.5尾/m3。三角帆蚌放养密度则设置4个水平,分别为单养鲢鳙鱼池塘(0只/m3),低密度三角帆蚌混养池塘(0.8只/m3),中密度三角帆蚌混养池塘(1.0只/m3)和高密度三角帆蚌混养池塘(1.2只/m3)。结果显示,混养三角帆蚌池塘的水化指标(TP、PO4-P、NH3-N、NO2-N和NO3-N)均显著低于单养鱼池塘。中密度三角帆蚌混养池塘除NH3-N和化学需氧量(COD)与低密度三角帆蚌混养池塘无显著差异外,其他各项水化指标均显著低于其他3个池塘,并且极显著低于单养鲢鳙鱼池塘。单养鲢鳙鱼池塘藻类平均密度均极显著高于鱼蚌混养池塘,其中在鱼蚌混养池塘中浮游植物密度与三角帆蚌密度成负相关关系。单养鲢鳙鱼池塘的浮游植物生物量均极显著低于中、高密度鱼蚌混养池塘,并且显著低于低密度混养池塘。浮游植物生物量与三角帆蚌密度成正相关关系,鱼蚌池塘中绿藻和裸藻的生物量在养殖过程中上升显著。低、中密度三角帆蚌混养池塘三角帆蚌存活率均显著高于高密度三角帆蚌混养池塘;低密度混养池塘中蚌湿重、壳长及壳宽相对增长率均为最大,显著高于中、高密度三角帆蚌混养池塘。研究表明,养鱼池塘混养三角帆蚌不仅能改善养殖池塘的水质,还能控制藻类数量,促使绿藻和裸藻等大型藻类的生长,提高养殖水体浮游植物的生物量总量,最终还能有效提高三角帆蚌的存活率及生长率。从改善水质,藻相结构,蚌成活率及生长等指标角度考虑,在鲢鳙鱼养殖池塘中,三角帆蚌最佳放养密度为1.0只/m3。 相似文献
15.
不同养殖模式及光照对凡纳滨对虾生长和水质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用室内水泥池4种不同养殖模式(虾单养或混养不同鱼类)和2种光照(自然光和弱光)对凡纳滨对虾生长、产量和水质的影响开展了研究。试验共设6个试验组,2个对照组,每个组别共设3个重复:自然光虾单养组、弱光组对虾单养、自然光虾鳅混养、弱光虾鳅混养、自然光虾鲢混养、弱光组虾鲢混养、自然光虾鳅鲢混养、弱光虾鳅鲢混养,养殖70d。测定试验前后试验池虾规格、总质量、存活率及饵料系数和鱼的规格、总质量。每隔15~20d测定水质指标。试验结果表明,单养组的虾自然光条件下规格显著大于其他组(P0.05),而弱光单养组的虾规格显著小于其他组(P0.05),其他组别差异不显著(P0.05)。饵料系数方面,单养组显著大于混养组(P0.05),存活率混养组显著高于单养组(P0.05),自然光组饵料系数和存活率显著高于弱光组(P0.05)。水质方面,养殖期间各组的硝态氮、亚硝态氮、氨氮呈稳步上升趋势,但亚硝态氮质量浓度,虾单养组和虾鳅混养组均显著高于虾鲢混养组和虾鳅鲢混养组(P0.05),自然光组显著低于弱光组(P0.05),氨氮,虾单养组显著高于其他组(P0.05),自然光组低于弱光组(P0.05)。试验结果显示,适当的光照是凡纳滨对虾生长的重要因素,泥鳅能大幅提高池塘经济效益节约成本,而鲢鳙鱼可有效地改善水质,当泥鳅以及鲢鳙鱼共同混养在虾池时,保证对虾池水质良好的同时,可提高对虾养殖的产量。 相似文献
16.
Food sources and trophic relationships of three decapod crustaceans: insights from gut contents and stable isotope analyses 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponensis) and red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) are important culture species in China and have world‐wide introduced distributions. The trophic role of these three decapods has not been compared within a system although they consume plants, animals, and detritus and often co‐occur in freshwater ponds. A combination of stable isotope measurements and gut content analysis was used to determine the main food sources and trophic niche of three benthic decapods, in commercial crab ponds around Lake Gucheng, China. Observation of the gut contents reflected a variety of prey items ingested by three decapods. Macrophytes made up the highest contribution to the volume of their gut contents, followed by forage fish, corn and mollusks. Stable isotope analysis supported a stronger relationship between crayfish and vegetable matter than with animal matter, while both crab and shrimp were the opposite. An isotopic mixing model indicated that about 60% of crab and shrimp production originated from animal matter, while only 40% of crayfish production was ascribed to consumption of animal matter. Although results from the mixing model corroborate the gut content findings in most cases, stable isotope results showed that three decapods obtained more energy for growth from animal matter than what would be estimated if gut analysis was used alone. Estimates of niche overlap indices indicated a high degree of dietary overlap among the three decapods examined, suggesting that shrimp and crayfish density should be controlled if considering economic benefits of pond aquaculture. 相似文献
17.
本试验研究了上海地区低盐度条件下池塘单养和混养对点篮子鱼（Siganus guttatus）幼鱼生长和摄食的影响.平均体重1.14±0.63g、平均体长3.57±0.88 cm的点篮子鱼,经90d的养殖后,单养点篮子鱼成活率82.86％,平均体重增加到55.08 ±14.21 g,平均体长增加到11.39±1.19 cm,最大规格体重达101.42 g;与拟穴青蟹（Scylla paramamosain）混养点篮子鱼成活率85.26％,平均体重增加到56.37 ±4.60 g、平均体长增加到11.60 ±0.42 cm,最大规格达118.71 g,拟穴青蟹平均体重从0.04g增长到209.88 g,最大规格达350.13 g.结果表明,在本试验条件下,混养模式中的点篮子鱼的存活率较单养模式高,生长摄食情况好,增重速度快,且摄食率低而饲料转化效率高. 相似文献
18.
David B. Rouse G. O. El Naggar M. A. Mulla 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1987,18(2):57-60
Studies were conducted to determine the effect of stocking size and density of prawns in polyculture.
In one experiment, postlarval prawns (av. wt. 0.02 g) were stocked in six 0.02 ha earthen ponds at 35,00O/ha. Two ponds were stocked with tilapia fry (av. wt. 0.14 g) and two were stocked with tilapia fingerlings (av. wt. 30.1 g), each at 10,000/ha. Two control ponds had no tilapia. Tilipia stocking size had no effect on prawn growth. Mean weight of prawns after 70 days of culture ranged from a low of 4.5 g when cultured with tilapia fingerlings to a high of 6.6 when cultured in monoculture. Prawn survival was adversely affected by tilapia fry. Average prawn survival in tilapia fry ponds was 65% compared to 75% and 91%, respectively, in tilapia fingerling and monoculture ponds.
In a second experiment, postlarval prawns were stocked in nine 0.02 ha earthen ponds at 40,000/ ha. Six ponds were stocked with 30 g tilapia fingerlings, three at 5,000/ha and three at 15,000/ha. Three control ponds received prawns only. After 100 days of culture, prawn weight ranged from an average of 15.9 g in monoculture ponds to 11.5 g in polyculture ponds. Survival was highest (93.8%) in low density polyculture ponds. Survival was lowest (85.6%) in prawn monoculture ponds. Tilapia reproduction had a negative impact on shrimp production. 相似文献
In one experiment, postlarval prawns (av. wt. 0.02 g) were stocked in six 0.02 ha earthen ponds at 35,00O/ha. Two ponds were stocked with tilapia fry (av. wt. 0.14 g) and two were stocked with tilapia fingerlings (av. wt. 30.1 g), each at 10,000/ha. Two control ponds had no tilapia. Tilipia stocking size had no effect on prawn growth. Mean weight of prawns after 70 days of culture ranged from a low of 4.5 g when cultured with tilapia fingerlings to a high of 6.6 when cultured in monoculture. Prawn survival was adversely affected by tilapia fry. Average prawn survival in tilapia fry ponds was 65% compared to 75% and 91%, respectively, in tilapia fingerling and monoculture ponds.
In a second experiment, postlarval prawns were stocked in nine 0.02 ha earthen ponds at 40,000/ ha. Six ponds were stocked with 30 g tilapia fingerlings, three at 5,000/ha and three at 15,000/ha. Three control ponds received prawns only. After 100 days of culture, prawn weight ranged from an average of 15.9 g in monoculture ponds to 11.5 g in polyculture ponds. Survival was highest (93.8%) in low density polyculture ponds. Survival was lowest (85.6%) in prawn monoculture ponds. Tilapia reproduction had a negative impact on shrimp production. 相似文献
19.
在6口面积均为0.4 hm2的微咸水池中养殖凡纳滨对虾,密度为7.5×105尾/hm2,其中4口混养锦鲤,密度分别为1500、3000、60001、2 000尾/hm2,研究混养锦鲤对凡纳滨对虾池水质及产量影响。结果表明:混养池水质比较稳定,透明度、NH4+-N和NO2--N波动幅度较小且数值较低,混养池对虾平均产量为3345 kg/hm2,比单养池平均产量2268 kg/hm2高47.5%,其中混养锦鲤3000尾/hm2的池虾产量最高,达到3765 kg/hm2。 相似文献
20.
对虾池不同综合养殖系统效率和效益的比较研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
利用５０个５．０×５．０×１．８ｍ陆基围隔研究了中国对虾与台湾红罗非鱼、海湾扇贝和缢蛏投饵或施肥混养及鲈鱼与中国对虾和台湾红罗非鱼混养最佳结构的生态效率、生产效果和经济效益。结果表明,几种综合养殖系统最佳结构下各种养殖对象对Ｎ的绝对利用率由高至低依次为：鲈鱼－对虾－罗非鱼（３０．９１％）＞对虾－海湾扇贝（２１．０９％）＞对虾－罗非鱼施肥混养（２０．１２％）＞对虾－罗非鱼投饵混养（１７．８１％）＞对虾－缢蛏（１６．９３％）＞单养对虾（１１．５２％）;对Ｐ的绝对利用率由高至低依次为：对虾－缢蛏（１６．０８％）＞鲈鱼－对虾－罗非鱼（１２．８３％）＞对虾－罗非鱼投饵混养（１２．６３％）＞单养对虾（１０．８８％）＞对虾－海湾扇贝（６．０１％）＞对虾－罗非鱼施肥混养（４．０４％）;其产出投入比由高至低依次为：对虾－罗非鱼投饵混养（１．９９）＞对虾－罗非鱼施肥混养（１．９８）＞对虾－海湾扇贝（１．５３）＞单养对虾（１．３８）＞鲈鱼－对虾－罗非鱼（１．３０）＞对虾－缢蛏（１．２３）。 相似文献