共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
An antigenic relationship between Mycoplasma arthritidis and rat tissues could be demonstrated using the enzyme-immune assay and the agar gel double diffusion test. Cross-reactions were observed with joint homogenates as well as with muscle, lung, liver, kidney, spleen and brain tissue from rats. In addition, antibodies against joint homogenate were found in the sera of rats infected with M. arthritidis ISR 1 using the indirect hemagglutination test. The significance of common antigens between M. arthritidis and rat tissues for the pathogenesis of the M. arthritidis polyarthritis in rats is discussed. 相似文献
4.
Studies into the activity of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in homogenates of liver, cerebral cortex, renal cortex, and mucosa of small intestine of swine have shown differentiated activity patterns, with peak activity developing in the liver. This has been related to a particularly high metabolism performance of the liver in fattening pigs. No difference was found to exist between magnesium activation of ATPase of swine tissue homogenates and that in tissue obtained from ruminants. ATPase which could be activated by sodium and potassium ions and inhibited by ouabain was detectable from cerebral and renal cortex. Sodium and potassium ATPases accounts from some 25 per cent of the total activity. ATPase that could be stimulated by calcium ions was recorded only from liver homogenate. The optimum pH values of ATPase were between 7.5 and 8 in the liver, 9 in mucosa of small intestine, and 9.5 in cerebral and renal cortex. 相似文献
5.
Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis directly from bovine tissue specimens by spoligotyping 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Culture of Mycobacterium bovis is used routinely to support field diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis; however, this method is slow. Rapid detection and strain-typing of M. bovis directly from 37 lesioned bovine lymph node specimens was performed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method, spoligotyping. Mycobacterial DNA was extracted from the specimens using a nucleic acid sequence capture technique. Two sets of specimens were tested, the first set comprising 16 decontaminated tissue homogenates from lesioned lymph node specimens which had been processed for BACTEC culture and a second set of 21 non-decontaminated lesioned lymph node specimens. Both sets of specimens had been frozen before analysis. Sequence capture PCR enabled detection and strain-typing of M. bovis directly from 15 of the 16 decontaminated homogenates and all 21 of the non-decontaminated tissues. Four spoligotype (ST) patterns were obtained from each set; ST1, ST2, ST3 and ST16 were detected in the decontaminated specimens and ST1, ST2, ST11 and ST14 in the non-decontaminated specimens. For both sets of specimens, ST1 was the predominant strain type detected. ST patterns obtained from the BACTEC cultures of the decontaminated specimens were in agreement with those obtained directly from the tissue. The sensitivity of detection by sequence capture-PCR compared very favourably with that of BACTEC culture. ST patterns were obtained directly from tissues of 34 of the 35 culture positive specimens and the two culture negative specimens. DNA extraction from the 21 non-decontaminated specimens involved an initial stomaching treatment. An assessment of sequence capture on both liquid alone and liquid and tissue homogenate combined, following stomaching, indicated that PCR was less successful on the liquid component alone. 相似文献
6.
A procedure is described for the detection of five sulfonamides in muscle and kidney of swine, chicken and cattle. The method consists of an extraction with dichloromethane, cleaning up of the extracts on a Sep-Pak silica disposable column, and analysis by thin-layer chromatography on a silica plate with chloroform/n-butanol as an eluent. The sulfonamides were visualized by spraying with a fluorescamine solution. In spiked tissues the presence of the sulfonamides at concentrations of 0.05 mg/kg and higher is easily demonstrated. Direct detection of sulfonamides in tissue extracts of kidneys and lean tissues under the same chromatographic conditions is also described. This method, in which the Sep-Pak cleaning up procedure is omitted, has been successfully applied to spiked swine and cattle kidneys, chicken liver and breast tissue. 相似文献
7.
L Prozesky 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1987,54(3):277-279
The artificial transmission of Cowdria ruminantium with infected blood, organ homogenates, peritoneal macrophages, tick stabilate and tissue culture cells is discussed. Organ homogenates prepared from the myocardium, spleen, kidneys and liver of diseased animals are commonly used to infect mice. The efficacy of organ homogenates as a source of C. ruminantium depends on factors such as the route of inoculation and the heartwater isolate used. Heartwater is artificially transmitted with infected tick stabilate, haemocytes, rectal ampules and hypodermal homogenates. The infectivity of saliva collected from Amblyomma hebraeum female ticks was very low compared to the ground-up suspensions prepared from the same group of ticks. 相似文献
8.
The activities of eight enzymes (glutamate dehydrogenase, sorbital dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-hydroxy butyrate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase) were determined in tissue homogenates of liver, kidney, spleen, lung, small intestine, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle, from 15 Large White pigs of three different ages (1.5 weeks, 18--22 weeks and 113 weeks). The results showed that variation in tissue enzyme concentration due to differences in sex is minimal. Variation due to differences in age, however, appears to be of greater importance, particularly when considering young animals. These age differences may affect the interpretation of plasma enzyme changes due to tissue damage, and the use of additional enzyme assays as an aid to interpretation in these cases is advisable. 相似文献
9.
This study investigated the inhibitory efficiency of all-rac-alpha-tocopherol, 2,6-ditert-butyl-p-cresole (BHT), and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-chroman-2-carbonic acid (Trolox) on determination of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and short-chain alkenals in rat liver homogenates. The concentration of TBARS was measured fluorophotometrically. Aldehydes were determined after derivatization with methylhydrazine by gas chromatography (GLC). The concentrations of alkenals and TBARS in liver homogenates were diminished when antioxidants were present during the sample preparation. It is suggested that in the absence of antioxidants the samples are autoxidized further during the preparative procedures. For the aldehyde determination all-rac-alpha-tocopherol was the most effective antioxidant to reduce the bias due to autoxidation, whereas for TBARS it was Trolox. 相似文献
10.
The concentration of serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP) is commonly elevated in hyperthyroid cats. Agarose gel electrophoresis, in tris -barbital-sodium barbital buffer, with and without the separation enhancer neuraminidase, was used to investigate the sources of the constituent isoenzymes of SALP in serum samples from 34 hyperthyroid cats, comparing them to sera from five healthy cats and to tissue homogenates from liver, kidney, bone and duodenum. Contrary to previous reports, treatment of serum with neuraminidase made differentiation of the various isoenzymes more difficult to achieve. A single band corresponding to the liver isoenzyme (LALP) was found in 100 per cent of healthy cats. Eighty-eight per cent of the hyperthyroid cats showed two bands, corresponding to the liver and bone (BALP) isoenzymes while 12 per cent showed a LALP band alone. In hyperthyroid cats, there was a significant correlation between the serum L-thyroxine concentrations and the SALP concentrations. These findings suggest pathological changes in both bone and liver in most cases of feline thyrotoxicosis. 相似文献
11.
A simple method using tissue extraction of Copper (Cu) in 8M nitric acid for 45 minutes at 100°C, followed by sample dilution and Cu quantitation by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy is described. The detection limit of the method is 16 μmol Cu/kg liver. The mean recovery of added Cu was 100.4%. This method for liver copper analysis correlated well with a method using nitric/perchloric acid digestion and atomic absorption spectroscopy (r2 = .986) and is faster, less expensive and less hazardous. 相似文献
12.
A simple method using tissue extraction of Copper (Cu) in 8M nitric acid for 45 minutes at 100 degrees C, followed by sample dilution and Cu quantitation by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy is described. The detection limit of the method is 16 micromol Cu/kg liver. The mean recovery of added Cu was 100.4%. This method for liver copper analysis correlated well with a method using nitric/perchloric acid digestion and atomic absorption spectroscopy (r2 = .986) and is faster, less expensive and less hazardous. 相似文献
13.
采用正交试验法研究了产速康口服液的制备工艺,对挥发油的提取时间,水提取工艺中的加水量、浸泡时间、煎煮时间、煎煮次数,乙醇沉淀中的乙醇用量进行了筛选.确定的最佳制备工艺为:挥发油提取时间6 h;水提工艺每次加水12倍量、浸泡1 h、煎煮0.5 h、煎3次,2倍量乙醇除杂质. 相似文献
14.
T S Rumsey S Kahl S A Norton J Eisemann T H Elsasser A C Hammond H F Tyrrell J Bitman 《Domestic animal endocrinology》1990,7(2):125-134
This study examined the influence of bovine growth hormone (bGH) on liver and kidney thyroxine-5'-monodeiodinase activity (TMA) in growing beef cattle. In a preliminary trial (trial 1), tissue samples were obtained at slaughter from two placebo-injected and two bGH-injected (29.2 IU/day for 14 days before slaughter) Hereford heifers (398 kg avg slaughter wt), with one heifer on each treatment fed at either 1.0 or 2.0 times maintenance energy requirement. In a second trial, tissue and plasma samples were obtained from six placebo-injected and six bGH-injected (29.2 IU/day for 19 days) Hereford steers (331 kg avg slaughter wt) fed at 1.8 times maintenance energy requirement. In a third trial, liver tissue and plasma samples were obtained from 14 Angus X Hereford steers (270 kg avg wt) fed either an 8% protein, 1.96 Mcal-metabolizable energy/kg diet (8 steers) or a 14% protein, 2.67 Mcal-metabolizable energy/kg diet (6 steers) in association with acute administration of bGH. Half the steers in each group were given two injections per steer of either placebo or 37.8 IU bGH at 24-hr intervals and slaughtered 24 hr after the second injection. Units of tissue TMA in all trials were measured at slaughter; one unit defined as 1 ng T3 generated/hr/mg protein during incubation with T4 (1.3 fM). In trial 1, TMA in liver and kidney was 2.86 and 1.21 times greater, respectively, for bGH than for placebo treatments. In trial 2, units of TMA in liver homogenates were higher (P less than .05) for bGH (4.14) than for placebo (2.83) treatments and higher (P less than .02) in liver microsomal preparations for bGH (32.7) than for placebo (27.3) treatments. Units of TMA in kidney homogenates were also higher (P less than .10) for bGH (1.48) than for placebo (.87) treatments and higher (P less than .02) in kidney microsomal preparations for bGH (23.0) than for placebo (16.4) treatments. Following acute injection of bGH (trial 3), units of TMA in liver homogenates were higher (P less than .01) for bGH (2.5) than for placebo (1.8) treatments. Plasma T4 (70.0 vs 73.5 ng/ml) and T3 (1.08 vs 1.18 ng/ml) concentrations appeared slightly higher in bGH-treated steers (trial 2) and increased by 20 and .5 ng/ml, respectively, (P less than .01) within 6 to 12 h after acute injection of bGH (trial 3). Concurrently, plasma TSH concentration increased following acute GH injection (trial 3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
15.
In four experiments performed to study the pathology of vitamin E-deficiency in pigs (Nafstad & Tollersrud 1970) serum enzyme determinations were carried out in order to obtain some information about the development of the deficiency syndrome.The enzymes determined were aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT = GOT), alanine aminotransferase (AlAT = GPT), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICD), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Blood samples were taken every second week during the experiments, which lasted for three to four months each and included a total number of 112 animals. At death or slaughter organs were removed in two experiments for determination of tissue homogenate transferase activity.A good correlation was shown to exist between the levels of serum enzyme activity and the frequency of pathological changes found at necropsy. Vitamin E-supplemented pigs showed enzyme values within normal ranges, whereas animals supplemented with selenium or amino acids and non-supplemented lots showed increased levels. To a certain extent differential diagnoses between the organs most affected could also be made on the basis of the enzyme values, though the complex nature of the deficiency syndrome in some cases rendered this more hypothetical.Gastric ulcers gave no elevation of serum enzyme activity.An inverse correlation was found between transferase activity in serum and tissue homogenates. Vitamin E-deficient pigs with high serum values yielded lower tissue enzyme activity than animals in the corresponding supplemented lots.Pigs fed the highest dietary protein levels showed the highest tissue transferase activity. This was most marked for liver homogenates. 相似文献
16.
Glycerolipid biosynthesis by porcine adipose tissue homogenates did not yield the 90+% triacylglycerol observed in situ. Consequently, we compared intact tissue slices and various subcellular fractions to characterize the usefulness of such systems to assess glycerolipid biosynthesis in vitro. Glycerolipid biosynthesis by porcine adipose tissue homogenates was measured in vitro using either [14C]-fatty acid or [14C]-glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) as a radiolabelled substrate. Removal of residual 14C-labelled fatty acid from lipid extracts was difficult. Because G3P is soluble in water, residual [14C]-G3P separated easily from the glycerolipid-containing organic phase and, thus, was the preferred radiolabelled substrate. With tissue slices, glycerol and G3P were minimally incorporated into lipid so that [14C]-fatty acid was the preferred radiolabelled tracer. A washing procedure followed by thin layer chromatography was devised to separate residual [14C]-fatty acid from glycerolipids, including phospholipids. Fatty acid esterification into glycerolipids in tissue slices yielded about 4% phospholipids, whereas with homogenates, esterification yielded up to 50% phospholipids. Comparison of several subcellular fractions indicated that microsomes contained most of the glycerolipid biosynthetic activity when activity was expressed on a protein basis. However, when activities were expressed on a tissue wet weight basis, the 700 x g infranate and the 10,000 x g supernate had about equal activity that was far greater than the microsomes. The 700 x g infranate was the preferred enzyme preparation for assay of the entrance of G3P into the pathway as well as the capacity to synthesize triacylglycerol. Several methods of freezing and storing tissue or 700 x g infranates were not acceptable. Freezing of the 700 x g infranate in liquid N2 with storage at -80 degrees C may be an acceptable procedure. 相似文献
17.
Application of the Fluorescent Antibody Technique to the Diagnosis of Avian Encephalomyelitis 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 P. R. Ide 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1974,38(1):49-55
A direct fluorescent antibody test was applied to the diagnosis of avian encephalomyeltis in experimental chicks and in chicks from three natural outbreaks of the disease. Intracerebrally inoculated chicks exhibited maximum fluorescence in brain tissue during the early clinical stages of the disease and similar observations were made on natural cases. Best fluorescence was obtained with frozen sections of cerebellum and pancreas from chicks approximately three weeks of age, but after four weeks of age it was not possible to diagnose the naturally-occurring (field) disease by this method. In these cases a diagnosis of avian encephalomyelitis was confirmed by the application of the fluorescent technique to the brains of either (a) chicks which had hatched from eggs inoculated with brain homogenates from the field cases or (b) hatched chicks which had been inoculated with the homogenates by the intracerebral route. 相似文献
18.
S. A. BROWN M.J. ZAYA † T. M. DIERINGER R. P. HUNTER J. L. NAPPIER † G. A. HOFFMAN † R. E. HORNISH † F. S. YEIN † 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1990,13(3):270-277
Eighteen normal cats were randomly allocated into two blocks with three treatment groups and dosed orally with clindamycin aqueous solution for 10 days at a dosage rate of 5.5 mg/kg twice daily (Group 1), 11 mg/kg twice daily (Group 2), or 22 mg/kg once daily (Group 3). At the end of dosing, all cats were killed and tissues were taken for clindamycin concentration analysis. Clindamycin was extracted from tissues using solid-phase extraction columns followed by microbiological assay of clindamycin using a cylinder plate assay using M. luteus. Recovery from each tissue was determined by inoculating known concentrations of clindamycin into drug-naive tissues and comparing the observed concentration from the expected concentration. Confirmation that the bioassay detected clindamycin and not N-desmethylclindamycin, its active metabolite, was done using gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry. Concentrations were highest in the lung, with tissue:serum ratios greater than 3 in all groups. Concentrations were higher in Group 3 than Group 1 (P less than 0.05). Only liver concentrations in Group 3 were statistically higher than in Group 2, although all tissues except bone marrow and CSF had numerically higher concentrations in Group 3 than Group 2. The tissue:serum ratio was greater than 1 in all tissues studied except bone, cerebrospinal fluid, brain, and skeletal muscle. 相似文献
19.
对建立的一种鸡组织中磺胺氯吡嗪钠残留检测的高效液相色谱法进行复核验证。鸡组织样品中磺胺氯吡嗪钠残留经乙腈提取,正己烷去脂肪,MCX固相萃取小柱净化。采用高效液相色谱紫外检测器检测,流动相为乙腈-0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾水溶液(35:65,V/V),紫外检测波长为272nm,外标法定量。结果显示,磺胺氯吡嗪钠标准工作液在0.04~20.0μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系(R^2=0.9999)。在鸡肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、皮脂各组织中添加浓度分别为40、100、200μg/kg时,各组织样品中磺胺氯吡嗪钠的回收率范围为74.70%~93.67%。磺胺氯吡嗪钠的检测限为20μg/kg,定量限为40μg/kg。复核验证的鸡组织中磺胺氯吡嗪钠残留检测高效液相色谱法可行,方法简便快捷,回收率高,适合鸡组织中磺胺氯吡嗪的残留检测。 相似文献
20.
Albendazole (ABZ) and its sulfoxide (SX) and sulfone (SO) metabolites inhibit the binding of 3H-colchicine, a ligand with high affinity for tubulin to homogenate preparations of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica. The relative potency of these compounds is SX greater than ABZ greater than SO. The benzimidazoles (cambendazole, parbendazole, oxibendazole and mebendazole), when tested at a concentration of 10 microM, also inhibited colchicine binding to fluke homogenates. However, a potent new benzimidazole flukacide, triclabendazole (TCB), was without effect on colchicine binding to F. hepatica homogenates. When intact flukes were exposed in vitro to 10(-5)M SX for as little as 5 min the subsequent binding of 3H-colchicine to fluke homogenates was significantly reduced. However, flukes recovered from sheep either 12 or 24 h after treatment with ABZ did not have a decreased ability to bind colchicine, although the non-specific binding was higher in flukes from treated sheep, suggesting some interaction of drug with tubulin in vivo. ABZ, SX and SO were effective in preventing embryonation of fluke eggs at doses as low as 0.01 microM, but TCB was without effect at concentrations as high as 10 microM. The results suggest that ABZ exerts at least part of its anthelmintic effect by interaction with fluke tubulin. 相似文献