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枣树主要害虫发生规律及防治方法金昌芝（方城县林业局）根据多年观察，方城县枣树绝产的主要原因是枣粘虫和桃小食心虫危害。从１９８６年开始，我们定点进行试验观察，摸索出了这两种害虫的发生规律和防治方法。１枣粘虫发生规律枣粘虫，属鳞翅目，卷蛾科，主要危害叶片... 相似文献
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陕西枣树病虫防治现状与对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
陕西是我国红枣主产区之一,近年来在各级政府的高度重视和大力支持下,红枣生产得到迅猛发展,面积达8万多公顷,产量约1.3亿kg。红枣已发展成为我省一大支柱产业,并在黄河沿岸诸县脱贫致富中发挥着极为重要的作用。但是枣树病虫害的猖撅流行严重制约着红枣的优质丰产,现就当前陕西枣树病虫害防治现状与对策,谈谈笔者的看法,供大家参考。1枣树病虫害主要种类1.1主要种类据我们调查,陕西枣产区枣树病虫害计165种,其中害虫155种（不包括红蜘蛛）,病害10种。害虫占全国（290种）枣树害虫种类的53.45％。陕西枣产区严重危害的病虫害种类… 相似文献
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该文就辽西半干旱地区近年来发生较为普遍的3种枣树害虫(枣飞象、枣尺蠖和枣粘虫)的虫情监测及预报、危害程度划分标准、防治策略、防治关键技术等作出全面系统阐述,同时提出大枣有机栽培病虫害防治办法,可供广大枣农在枣树栽培实践中参考应用. 相似文献
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陕北枣树主要害虫防治对策 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对陕北黄河沿岸枣树害虫的调查发现,原来的常灾性害虫枣尺蠖、枣镰翅小卷蛾、桃小食心虫、枣飞象等继续蔓延成灾,以往被认为次要的虫种如蚱蝉、大球胸象、黑绒金龟及日本蜡蚧等已上升为主要虫种。本文根据上述8种主要害虫的发生危害特点、已有的技术成果及群众的防治经验,结合陕北当前枣树生产的实际提出了相应的防治对策。 相似文献
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枣龟蜡蚧是一种危害枣树严重的害虫,一旦枣树受害,红枣减产70%左右。为了有效地控制该害虫,1991年对龟蜡蚧进行了生物学特性观察及防治试验,防治效果达90%以上。1 生物学特性1.1 生活史枣龟蜡蚧1年1代,以受精雌虫在枣树枝上越冬;3月下旬越冬代成虫出蛰,4月中旬虫体迅速增大;5月末、6月初开始产卵,6 相似文献
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The lethal and sublethal effects of three post-emergence herbicides, 2,4-D ethyl ester (Weedkill 80WP), imazethapyr (Pursuit 10EC) and quizalofop ethyl (Tergasuper 5EC) fortified with artificial diets
were studied on larvae of Spilarctia obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). Quizalofop ethyl and imazethapyr caused significant reduction of pest survival at almost
all levels; however, 2,4-D ethyl ester was nontoxic. Interestingly, LC50 data (0.230 and 0.855% for quizalofop ethyl and imazethapyr, respectively) obtained from probit analysis were almost equal
to labeled doses (x) of quizalofop ethyl (x = 0.16%) and imazethapyr (x = 0.625%), which shows the high toxicity of these
compounds against S. obliqua larvae. Among the three herbicides, imazethapyr caused sublethal effects on this pest, increasing the larval period at almost
all concentrations tested in the artificial diet. Considering the markedly significant effect of quizalofop ethyl on pest
survivorship with no sublethal effect, we suggest incorporating it into the integrated pest management module for S. obliqua in legumes or oilseed crops with other biorational insecticides. Based on toxicity, imazethapyr can be a potential candidate
for integrated management of S. obliqua. However, because of its sublethal effects, we advocate caution while using it in the presence of pest infestations. 相似文献
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金寨县通过2003～2005年林业有害生物普查,基本摸清了全县主要森林害虫种类、结构分布与危害。全县主栽的13个树种中,普查到害虫402种,其中危害程度轻微、中等、严重的害虫分别为353、35和14种,分别占害虫种类总数的87.81%、8.71%和3.48%。害虫的分布结构为:食叶害虫(286种)>枝梢害虫(77种)>蛀干害虫(24种)>果实害虫(9种)>根部害虫(6种)。总体发生率51.4%,其中危害轻微、中等和严重的发生率分别为32.87%、12.85%和3.67%。 相似文献
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香樟是长江中下游地区城市的常见绿化树种,樟颈曼盲蝽的成虫和若虫刺吸香樟嫩叶,受害叶片正反面出现不规则褐色角状斑,从而严重减少树冠的光合作用面积并导致树体营养衰弱,树叶提前脱落而影响城市园林景观。为探索樟颈曼盲蝽在全国及本地的风险情况,本研究依据林业有害生物风险分析指标体系,采用多指标综合评价法进行樟颈曼盲蝽的危害风险分析。当各项赋值以全国分布区为依据时,风险等级值即R值为1.62,表明樟颈曼盲蝽为中度危险性林业有害生物;然而,而当赋值以香樟种植普遍且樟颈曼盲蝽危害十分普遍的湖北分布区为依据时,R值为1.99,基本达到高度危险性林业有害生物等级,这一结果将为樟颈曼盲蝽的防治提供有力科学依据。 相似文献
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研究表明 :在松材线虫病发生区 ,其病害的扩展、流行与马尾松毛虫危害有着密切的关系。当年受马尾松毛虫危害的松林 ,枯死松树数量平均为 77 879株 /hm2 ,比未受松毛虫危害的松林 (对照 ) 17 2 73株 /hm2 ,多 35 1% ;次年 ,前者平均枯死松树达 2 0 4 8株 /hm2 ,为对照 2 89株 /hm2 的 6 0 8%。松毛虫危害加速松材线虫病流行的原因是 ,松毛虫危害松树 ,削弱树势 ;弱势的松树招引松墨天牛侵入并增殖加快松树死亡 ;次年大量天牛从“松毛虫危害松木”上羽化 ,侵染健康松林 ,导致松材线虫病进一步扩散和流行。由此认为松毛虫危害是促使松材线虫病流行的重要因子 ,防治松毛虫是控制松材线虫病流行的重要环节之一 相似文献
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目前,化学防治是我国林业害虫的主要防治手段,但造成了严重的环境污染,破坏了生态平衡。本文对物理机械防治方法和技术进行了系统的介绍,采用物理机械防治可避免生态环境的破坏,且能收到良好的效果,保持林业的健康发展。 相似文献
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The nontarget effects of three plant growth stimulants (gibberellic acid, Siapton and triacontanol) and two plant growth retardants
(chlormequat chloride and mepiquat chloride) on the survivorship and developmental parameters of Spilarctia obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) were studied. For each compound, various concentrations (0.125×, 0.25×, 0.5×, × , 2× and
4×; × = labeled dose) bracketing the labeled dose were prepared by serial dilution and mixed with an artificial diet for the
insect. Gibberellic acid caused an increase in the larval period at × − 4×, but no marked difference was observed in the pupal
period or in larval survival at any concentration. Siapton induced a significant increase in larval period at the two highest
doses but caused significant reduction in pest survival at × − 4×. Interestingly, triacontanol induced a significant reduction
in pest survivorship at almost all doses. The LC50 for triacontanol was 0.206% and LT50 was 266.5 hours at the labeled dose. However, triacontanol did not cause any significant difference in larval or pupal periods
at any dose tested. Chlormequat chloride and mepiquat chloride caused significant reduction of larval survivorship at concentrations
higher than the labeled doses, and no effect on the larval period. Intriguingly, a significant reduction in pupal period was
observed with chlormequat chloride at × and 0.25×. Based on the marked effect of triacontanol on pest survivorship, this study
suggests incorporating triacontanol in integrated pest management modules for S. obliqua. Caution in the use of gibberellic acid and Siapton for pest infestations is also indicated. 相似文献
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近年来,西双版纳白木香人工林大面积的爆发了食叶害虫黄野螟,对白木香人工林造成严重危害。为探索防治该虫的有效办法,在西双版纳普文镇4 a生白木香人工林里,选择5种杀虫剂进行林间防治试验。结果表明:5种杀虫剂对黄野螟的幼虫均有一定的防效,以甲维·茚虫威和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的杀虫效果较好,3种浓度药后1 d校正死亡率均达到100%,其次是氯氰·毒死蜱,药后2 d达到100%,2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯在药后4 d也达到100%,而生物农药5%的苦参碱在药后1 d防效表现最弱,但药后4 d均能达到75%以上。 相似文献