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1.
Aggregate binding agents improve soil aggregate stability in Robinia pseudoacacia forests along a climatic gradient on the Loess Plateau,China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The distribution of binding agents(i.e.,soil organic carbon(SOC)and glomalin-related soil protein(GRSP))in soil aggregates was influenced by many factors,such as plant characteristics and soil properties.However,how these factors affect binding agents and soil aggregate stability along a climatic gradient remained unclear.We selected the Robinia pseudoacacia L.forests from semi-arid to semi-humid of the Loess Plateau,China to analyze the plant biomass,soil physical-chemical properties,SOC and GRSP distribution in different sized soil aggregates.We found that from semi-arid to semi-humid forests:(1)the proportion of macro-aggregates(>0.250 mm)significantly increased(P<0.05),whereas those of micro-aggregates(0.250–0.053 mm)and fine materials(<0.053 mm)decreased and soil aggregate stability was increased;(2)the contents of SOC and GRSP in macro-aggregates and micro-aggregates significantly increased,and those in fine materials decreased;(3)the contribution of SOC to soil aggregate stability was greater than those of total GRSP and easily extractable GRSP;(4)soil properties had greater influence on binding agents than plant biomass;and(5)soil aggregate stability was enhanced by increasing the contents of SOC and GRSP in macro-aggregates and soil property was the important part during this process.Climate change from semi-arid to semi-humid forests is important factor for soil structure formation because of its positive effect on soil aggregates. 相似文献
2.
Spatial pattern of soil organic carbon in desert grasslands of the diluvial-alluvial plains of northern Qilian Mountains 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Rong YANG YongZhong SU Min WANG Tao WANG Xiao YANG GuiPing FAN TianChang WU 《干旱区科学》2014,6(2):136-144
The soil properties in arid ecosystems are important determinants of vegetation distribution patterns.Soil organic carbon(SOC)content,which is closely related to soil types and the holding capacities of soil water and nutrients,exhibits complex variability in arid desert grasslands;thus,it is essentially an impact factor for the distribution pattern of desert grasslands.In the present study,an investigation was conducted to estimate the spatial pattern of SOC content in desert grasslands and the association with environmental factors in the diluvial-alluvial plains of northern Qilian Mountains.The results showed that the mean values of SOC ranged from 2.76 to 5.80 g/kg in the soil profiles,and decreased with soil depths.The coefficients of variation(CV)of the SOC were high(ranging from 48.83%to 94.67%),which indicated a strong spatial variability.SOC in the desert grasslands of the study region presented a regular spatial distribution,which increased gradually from the northwest to the southeast.The SOC distribution had a pattern linked to elevation,which may be related to the gradient of climate conditions.Soil type and plant community significantly affected the SOC.The SOC had a significant positive relationship with soil moisture(P<0.05);whereas,it had a more significant negative relationship with the soil bulk density(BD)(P<0.01).However,a number of the variations in the SOC could be explained not by the environmental factors involved in this analysis,but rather other factors(such as grazing activity and landscape).The results provide important references for soil carbon storage estimation in this study region.In addition,the SOC association with environmental variables also provides a basis for a sustainable use of the limited grassland resources in the diluvial-alluvial plains of northern Qilian Mountains. 相似文献
3.
Soil organic carbon(SOC) and soil total nitrogen(STN) in arid regions are important components of global C and the N cycles, and their response to climate change will have important implications for both ecosystem processes and global climate feedbacks. Grassland ecosystems of Funyun County in the southern foot of the Altay Mountains are characterized by complex topography, suggesting large variability in the spatial distribution of SOC and STN. However, there has been little investigation of SOC and STN on grasslands in arid regions with a mountain-basin structure. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of SOC and STN in different grassland types in a mountain-basin system at the southern foot of the Altai Mountains, north of the Junggar Basin in China, and explored their potential influencing factors and relationships with meteorological factors and soil properties. We found that the concentrations and storages of SOC and STN varied significantly with grassland type, and showed a decreasing trend along a decreasing elevation gradient in alpine meadow, mountain meadow, temperate typical steppe, temperate steppe desert, and temperate steppe desert. In addition, the SOC and STN concentrations decreased with depth, except in the temperate desert steppe. According to Pearson's correlation values and redundancy analysis, the mean annual precipitation, soil moisture content and soil available N concentration were significantly positively correlated with the SOC and STN concentrations. In contrast, the mean annual temperature, p H, and soil bulk density were significantly and negatively correlated with the SOC and STN concentrations. The mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature were the primary factors related to the SOC and STN concentrations. The distributions of the SOC and STN concentrations were highly regulated by the elevation-induced differences in meteorological factors. Mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature together explained 97.85% and 98.38% of the overall variations in the SOC and STN concentrations, respectively, at soil depth of 0–40 cm, with precipitation making the greatest contribution. Our results provide a basis for estimating and predicting SOC and STN concentrations in grasslands in arid regions with a mountain-basin structure. 相似文献
4.
Land cover changes and the effects of cultivation on soil properties in Shelihu wetland,Horqin Sandy Land,Northern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Land cover change plays an essential role in the alternation of soils properties.By field investigation and applying satellite images,land cover information in the Shelihu wetland was carried out in an area of 2,819 hm 2 in 1985,1995,2000,2005,2010 and 2011,respectively,in Horqin Sandy Land.A total of 57 soil sampling sites across Shelihu were chosen in wet meadow(CL0),cropland(CL) and sandy land(SL) according to the spatial characteristics of water body change.Soil texture,organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) contents,electrical conductivity(EC) and pH were measured at the soil depths of 0-10,10-20 and 20-40 cm to examine the influence of agricultural conversion and continuous cultivation on soil properties.The results showed that the study area was covered by water body in 1985,which gradually declined afterwards and then reclaimed rapidly at a mean annual rate of 132.1 hm 2 /a from wet meadow to cropland since 1995.In 2011,water body was drained and the area was occupied by 10.8% of CL0,76.9% of CL and 12.3% of SL.Large amounts of SOC,TN and TP were accumulated in the above depths in CL0.Soil in CL0 also had higher EC and silt and clay fractions,lower pH than in SL and CL.Soil in SL was seriously degraded with lower contents of SOC,TN and TP than in CL and CL0.SOC,TN content and EC in CL decreased with the increase of cultivation age,while pH showed a reverse trend with significance at plough horizon.The agricultural conversion in Shelihu was driven by the comprehensive factors of precipitation reduction,economic development and intense competitions for irrigation water.Continuous cultivation in this process is not sustainable because of SOC degradation and nutrient content reduction.The key point is that conventional tillage and removal of residuals induced further land degradation.Wetland reclamation for immediate economic interests led to greater costs in the long-term environmental restoration in Horqin Sandy Land. 相似文献
5.
6.
长期施肥对绿洲农田土壤有机碳和无机碳的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以中国科学院阜康荒漠生态站的绿洲农田养分循环长期定位试验（始于1990年）为研究平台,研究了无施肥处理（CK）、单施化肥处理（NPK）、有机/无机配施处理（NPKM）和秸秆还田处理（NPKS）下,土壤无机碳(SIC)和有机碳(SOC)在剖面和各施肥年限的含量变化特征及其影响。结果表明：施肥、剖面层次和施肥年限对SOC与SIC含量变化影响显著(P<0.01)。在各施肥处理中,与CK相比,NPK、NPKM和NPKS的SOC与SIC含量明显增加(P<0.05）,并且有机/无机肥配施模式下的SIC含量显著高于单施化肥模式;在剖面层次间,SIC含量从0～20 cm 的9.12 g/kg 增加到40～60 cm 的9.94 g/kg,而SOC变化趋势与之相反。表明合理施肥能够增加土壤表层有机碳含量,有机/无机配施会使耕层以下土壤无机碳增加。 相似文献
7.
Bisheng WANG Lili GAO Weishui YU Xueqin WEI Jing LI Shengping LI Xiaojun SONG Guopeng LIANG Dianxiong CAI Xueping WU 《干旱区科学》2019,11(2):241-254
To ascertain the effects of long-term conservation tillage and residue retention on soil organic carbon(SOC) content and aggregate distribution in a deep soil(>20-cm depth) in a dryland environment,this paper analyzed the SOC and aggregate distribution in soil, and the aggregate-associated organic carbon(OC) and SOC physical fractions. Conservation tillage(reduced tillage with residue incorporated(RT) and no-tillage with residue mulch(NT)) significantly increased SOC sequestration and soil aggregation in deep soil compared with conventional tillage with residue removal(CT). Compared with CT, RT significantly increased the proportion of small macroaggregates by 23%–81% in the 10–80 cm layer, and the OC content in small macroaggregates by 1%–58% in the 0–80 cm layer. RT significantly increased(by 24%–90%) the OC content in mineral-SOC within small macroaggregates in the 0–60 cm layer, while there was a 23%–80% increase in the 0–40 cm layer with NT. These results indicated that:(1) conservation tillage treatments are beneficial for soil aggregation and SOC sequestration in a deep soil in a dryland environment; and(2)the SOC in mineral-associated OC plays important roles in soil aggregation and SOC sequestration. In conclusion, RT with NT is recommended as an agricultural management tool in dryland soils because of its role in improving soil aggregation and SOC sequestration. 相似文献
8.
Land use change significantly influences soil properties.There is little information available on the long-term effects of post-reclamation from grassland to cropland on soil properties.We compared soil carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) storage and related soil properties in a 50-year cultivation chronosequence of grassland in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Inner Mongolia.Field surveys on land use changes during the period of 1955-2002 were conducted to build a chronosequence of cropland of different ages since the conversion from grassland.The results showed that soil C and N storage,soil texture,and soil nutrient contents varied with land use types and cropland ages(P<0.01).In the 0-30 cm soil layer,the soil organic carbon(SOC) density was significantly lower in the croplands(3.28 kg C/m2 for C50 soil) than in the grasslands(6.32 kg C/m2).After 5,10,15,20,35,and 50 years of crop planting(years since the onset of cultivation),the SOC losses were 17%,12%,19%,47%,46%,and 48%,respectively,compared with the grasslands.The soil total nitrogen(TN) density of the grasslands was 65 g N/m2,and TN density of the cropland soil was 35 g N/m2 after 50 years of crop planting.Both the SOC and TN densities could be quantitatively determined by a negative exponential function of cropland age(P<0.0001,R2=0.8528;P<0.0001,R2=0.9637).The dissolved organic carbon(DOC) content,soil available potassium(AK) content,clay content,and pH value were decreased;and the soil bulk density and sand content were increased since the conversion of grassland into cropland during the 50-year period.Our results show soil nutrients were higher in grassland than in cropland.The conversion of grasslands to croplands induced a loss of soil C storage and changes of related soil properties.The reclamation time of cultivated soil(cropland age) had significant effects on soil properties in the study area. 相似文献
9.
关中农田土壤物理状态与分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针对关中农田土壤通气、透水能力下降,抗不良环境能力减弱,生产成本逐年递增的实际问题,以关中11个县区农田土壤为研究对象,以土壤耕作层厚度、容重及团聚体特征为指标,开展了现代利用强度及土壤管理模式下农田土壤物理状态及其退化特征研究。结果表明:关中地区土壤发生学层次厚度尽管很厚,但受下层土体紧实化的影响,农田土壤耕作层普遍浅薄,疏松良好的土壤耕作层厚度变化在5~21 cm。调查范围内耕作层厚度在20 cm左右的仅占18%,10~15 cm之间的占64%,10 cm占18%左右。关中地区农田0~20 cm耕层土壤容重变化在1.04~1.34 g·cm~(-3),平均容重为1.21 g·cm~(-3),属于良好物理状态;而20~40 cm土壤容重变化在1.46~1.70 g·cm~(-3)之间,平均容重为1.58 g·cm~(-3),属于很紧实土壤状态。约36%的农田在20~40 cm处容重达到或超过了1.60 g·cm~(-3)的极限容重值。用干、湿筛技术测定的土壤团聚体的组成,关中农田1~5 mm的"(质量)优势团聚体"、团聚体的几何均重直径(GMD)、标准化平均当量直径(NMWD)以及土壤结构系数(Kctp)均显示,耕作层土壤团聚状态处于良好级别,其下层64%的土壤团聚状态较差,关中农田土壤团聚体水稳定性差,各地土壤团聚体状态以及稳定性差别明显。结论:关中地区农田土壤耕层变浅薄,是因为20~40 cm土层紧实化程度增大和犁底层上移与变厚所致;20~40土壤容重已经增大到极限值;0~20 cm土壤团聚体状态良好,但稳定性不强是引起其下层土壤紧实化的重要原因。关中农田土壤亚表层紧实化问题普遍,有愈加严重的发展态势。从空间上紧实化土层具有很强的隐蔽性,难以被人们所觉察,属于隐型土壤物理退化特征,不可小觑。 相似文献
10.
Soil acidification is a major global issue of sustainable development for ecosystems. The increasing soil acidity induced by excessive nitrogen(N) fertilization in farmlands has profoundly impacted the soil carbon dynamics. However, the way in which changes in soil p H regulating the soil carbon dynamics in a deep soil profile is still not well elucidated. In this study, through a 12-year field N fertilization experiment with three N fertilizer treatments(0, 120, and 240 kg N/(hm~2·a)) in a dryland agroecosystem of China, we explored the soil p H changes over a soil profile up to a depth of 200 cm and determined the responses of soil organic carbon(SOC) and soil inorganic carbon(SIC) to the changed soil p H. Using a generalized additive model, we identified the soil depth intervals with the most powerful statistical relationships between changes in soil p H and soil carbon dynamics. Hierarchical responses of SOC and SIC dynamics to soil acidification were found. The results indicate that the changes in soil p H explained the SOC dynamics well by using a non-linear relationship at the soil depth of 0–80 cm(P=0.006), whereas the changes in soil p H were significantly linearly correlated with SIC dynamics at the 100–180 cm soil depth(P=0.015). After a long-term N fertilization in the experimental field, the soil p H value decreased in all three N fertilizer treatments. Furthermore, the declines in soil p H in the deep soil layer(100–200 cm) were significantly greater(P=0.035) than those in the upper soil layer(0–80 cm). These results indicate that soil acidification in the upper soil layer can transfer excess protons to the deep soil layer, and subsequently, the structural heterogeneous responses of SOC and SIC to soil acidification were identified because of different buffer capacities for the SOC and SIC. To better estimate the effects of soil acidification on soil carbon dynamics, we suggest that future investigations for soil acidification should be extended to a deeper soil depth, e.g., 200 cm. 相似文献
11.
The impact of land use change on soil organic carbon and labile organic carbon stocks in the Longzhong region of Loess Plateau 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
LiHua ZHANG 《干旱区科学》2012,4(3):241-250
Land use change (LUC) is widely recognized as one of the most important driving forces of global carbon cycles. The soil organic carbon (SOC) and labile organic carbon (LOC) stores were investigated at arable land (AL), artificial grassland (AG), artificial woodland (AW), abandoned arable land (AAL) and desert steppe (DS) in the Longzhong region of the Loess Plateau in Northwest China. The results showed that conversions from DS to AL, AL to AG and AL to AAL led to an increase in SOC content, while the conversion from DS to AW led to a decline. The differences in SOC content were significant between DS and AW at the 20-40 cm depth and between AL and AG at the 0-10 cm depth. The SOC stock in DS at the 0-100 cm depth was 39.4 t/hm 2 , increased by 28.48% after cultivation and decreased by 19.12% after conversion to AW. The SOC stocks increased by 2.11% from AL to AG and 5.10% from AL to AAL. The LOC stocks changed by a larger magnitude than the SOC stocks, which suggests that it is a more sensitive index of carbon dynamics under a short-term LUC. The LOC stocks increased at 0-20 cm and 0-100 cm depths from DS to AW, which is opposite to that observed for SOC. The proportion of LOC to SOC ranged from 0.14 to 0.20 at the 0-20 cm depth for all the five land use types, indicating low SOC dynamics. The allocation proportion of LOC increased for four types of LUC conversion, and the change in magnitude was largest for DS to AW (40.91%). The afforestation, abandonment and forage planting on arable land led to sequestration of SOC; the carbon was lost initially after afforestation. However, the carbon sink effect after abandonment may not be sustainable in the study area. 相似文献
12.
开垦对西北干旱区荒漠土壤养分含量及主要性质的影响——以甘肃省临泽县为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文选择开垦年限约为10年的耕地及自然状态下的荒地作为研究对象,对比分析了开垦对荒漠土壤养分含量以及pH、阳离子交换量的影响。结果表明:荒地开垦为农田后,土壤剖面有机碳、氮、磷、钾含量、CEC、C/N均有不同程度的升高,pH值有所下降;表层土壤受耕作的影响程度大于下层土壤。开垦后土壤0-15cm有机碳增加了359%;全氮增加了367%、全磷增加了47.5%;速效养分也有一定程度的增加,且增加的幅度大于全量。总体来说,耕作活动增加了荒漠土壤养分,在一定程度上改善了土壤质量。 相似文献
13.
SUN Lipeng 《干旱区科学》2019,11(6):928-938
The lack of clarity of how natural vegetation restoration influences soil organic carbon (SOC) content and SOC components in soil aggregate fractions limits the understanding of SOC sequestration and turnover in forest ecosystems. The aim of this study was to explore how natural vegetation restoration affects the SOC content and ratio of SOC components in soil macroaggregates (>250 μm), microaggregates (53-250 μm), and silt and clay (<53 μm) fractions in 30-, 60-, 90- and 120-year-old Liaodong oak (Quercus liaotungensis Koidz.) forests, Shaanxi, China in 2015. And the associated effects of biomasses of leaf litter and different sizes of roots (0-0.5, 0.5-1.0, 1.0-2.0 and >2.0 mm diameter) on SOC components were studied too. Results showed that the contents of high activated carbon (HAC), activated carbon (AC) and inert carbon (IC) in the macroaggregates, microaggregates and silt and clay fractions increased with restoration ages. Moreover, IC content in the microaggregates in topsoil (0-20 cm) rapidly increased; peaking in the 90-year-old restored forest, and was 5.74 times higher than AC content. In deep soil (20-80 cm), IC content was 3.58 times that of AC content. Biomasses of 0.5-1.0 mm diameter roots and leaf litter affected the content of aggregate fractions in topsoil, while the biomass of >2.0 mm diameter roots affected the content of aggregate fractions in deep soil. Across the soil profiles, macroaggregates had the highest capacity for HAC sequestration. The effects of restoration ages on soil aggregate fractions and SOC content were less in deep soil than in topsoil. In conclusion, natural vegetation restoration of Liaodong oak forests improved the contents of SOC, especially IC within topsoil and deep soil. The influence of IC on aggregate stability was greater than the other SOC components, and the aggregate stability was significantly affected by the biomasses of litter, 0.5-1.0 mm diameter roots in topsoil and >2.0 mm diameter roots in deep soil. Natural vegetation restoration of Liaodong oak forests promoted SOC sequestration by soil macroaggregates. 相似文献
14.
Soil organic carbon(SOC) and soil inorganic carbon(SIC) are important C pools in the Loess Plateau of Northwest China, however, variations of SOC and SIC stocks under different cultivation practices and nitrogen(N) fertilization rates are not clear in this area. A long-term field experiment started in June 2003 was conducted to investigate the SOC and SIC stocks in a calcareous soil of the Chinese Loess Plateau under four cultivation practices, i.e., fallow(FA), conventional cultivation(CC), straw mulch(SM), and plastic film-mulched ridge and straw-mulched furrow(RF), in combination with three N fertilization rates, i.e., 0(N0), 120(N120), and 240(N240) kg N/hm~2. Results indicate that the crop straw addition treatments(SM and RF) increased the contents of soil microbial biomass C(SMBC) and SOC, and the SOC stock increased by 10.1%–13.3% at the upper 20 cm soil depth in comparison to the 8-year fallow(FA) treatment. Meanwhile, SIC stock significantly increased by 19% at the entire tested soil depth range(0–100 cm) under all crop cultivation practices in comparison to that of soil exposed to the long-term fallow treatment, particularly at the upper 60 cm soil depth. Furthermore, moderate N fertilizer application(120 kg N/hm~2) increased SOC stock at the upper 40 cm soil depth, whereas SIC stock decreased as the N fertilization rate increased. We conclude that the combined application of crop organic residues and moderate N fertilization rate could facilitate the sequestrations of SOC and SIC in the calcareous soil. 相似文献
15.
Carbon(C) storage has received significant attention for its relevance to agricultural security and climate change. Afforestation can increase C storage in terrestrial ecosystems, and has been recognized as an important measure to offset CO_2 emissions. In order to analyze the C benefits of planting wolfberry(Lycium barbarum L.) on the secondary saline lands in arid areas, we conducted a case study on the dynamics of biomass carbon(BC) storage and soil organic carbon(SOC) storage in different-aged wolfberry plantations(4-, 7-and 11-year-old) established on a secondary saline land as well as on the influence of wolfberry plantations on C storage in the plant-soil system in an arid irrigated area(Jingtai County) of Gansu Province, China. The C sequestration and its potential in the wolfberry plantations of Gansu Province were also evaluated. An intact secondary saline land was selected as control. Results show that wolfberry planting could decrease soil salinity, and increase BC, SOC and litter C storage of the secondary saline land significantly, especially in the first 4 years after planting. The aboveground and belowground BC storage values in the intact secondary saline land(control) accounted for only 1.0% and 1.2% of those in the wolfberry plantations, respectively. Compared to the intact secondary saline land, the SOC storage values in the 4-, 7-and 11-year-old wolfberry plantations increased by 36.4%, 37.3% and 43.3%, respectively, and the SOC storage in the wolfberry plantations occupied more than 92% of the ecosystem C storage. The average BC and SOC sequestration rates of the wolfberry plantations for the age group of 0–11 years were 0.73 and 3.30 Mg C/(hm~2·a), respectively. There were no significant difference in BC and SOC storage between the 7-year-old and 11-year-old wolfberry plantations, which may be due in part to the large amounts of C offtakes in new branches and fruits. In Gansu Province, the C storage in the wolfberry plantations has reached up to 3.574 Tg in 2013, and the C sequestration potential of the existing wolfberry plantations was 0.134 Tg C/a. These results indicate that wolfberry planting is an ideal agricultural model to restore the degraded saline lands and increase the C sequestration capacity of agricultural lands in arid areas. 相似文献
16.
不同栽培模式及施氮量对土壤团聚体的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过长期定位试验研究了不同栽培模式(休闲,常规,覆草,垄沟覆盖)和施氮量(N0,N120,N240)条件下西北旱地土壤团聚体组成、稳定性及其与土壤有机碳、土壤水分、产量等的相关关系,结果表明:干筛法0.25~10mm团聚体含量垄沟覆盖显著低于常规和覆草栽培模式,而>10mm的大团聚体显著高于常规和覆草模式,垄沟覆盖栽培促进0.5~5 mm团聚体向更大级别进一步团聚;干筛法0.25~10mm团聚体总量N240处理显著高于N0。湿筛法>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量覆草和垄沟覆盖栽培显著高于常规,不同施氮量间无显著差异。干筛法团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD)垄沟覆盖显著大于覆草和常规模式;水稳性团聚体MWD覆草模式显著大于常规,覆草模式GMD显著大于垄沟覆盖模式;不同施氮量下水稳性团聚体MWD差异不显著,N0处理的GMD显著大于N120、N240。覆盖栽培可以提高土壤团聚体的稳定性,不同施氮量间团聚体稳定性差异不显著。历年2m土层土壤贮水量平均值与水稳性团聚体GMD呈显著正相关,不同栽培模式主要通过影响土壤水分来影响土壤团聚体状况;历年平均产量与水稳性团聚体GMD呈显著负相关,说明干旱半干旱地区土壤水稳性团聚体直径应较小,利于提高土壤保水和水分有效性,进而促进作物产量的提高。 相似文献
17.
Spatial heterogeneity of soil chemical properties between Haloxylon persicum and Haloxylon ammodendron populations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Spatial heterogeneity is a ubiquitous feature in natural ecosystems, especially in arid regions. Different species and their discontinuous distribution, accompanied by varied topographic characteristics, result in soil resources distributed differently in different locations, and present significant spatial heterogeneity in desert ecosystems. In this study, conventional and geostatistical methods were used to identify the heterogeneity of soil chemical properties in two desert populations, Haloxylon persicum Bunge ex Boss., which dominates on the slopes and tops of sand dunes and Haloxylon ammodendron (C. A. Mey.) Bunge, which inhabits interdunes in the Gurbantunggut Desert of Xinjiang, China. The results showed that soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic carbon (SOC), available nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) were significantly higher in H. ammodendron populations than that in H. persicum. The coefficient of variation (CV) indicated that (1) most parameters presented a moderate degree of variability (10% < CV < 100%) except pH in both plots, (2) the variability of soil pH, EC and AP in H. ammodendron populations was higher than that in H. persicum populations, and (3) SOC and AN in H. ammodendron populations were lower than that in H. persicum populations. Geostatistical analysis revealed a strong spatial dependence (C0/(C0+C) < 25%) within the distance of ranges for all tested parameters in both plots. The Kriging-interpolated figures showed that the soil spatial distribution was correlated with the vegetation distribution, individual size of plants, and the topographic features, especially with the plants nearest to sampling points and the topographic features. In each plot, soil EC, SOC, AN and AP presented similar distributions, and fertile islands and salt islands occurred in both plots but did not affect every individual plant, since the sampling distance was larger than the size of such fertile islands. The results of topographic effects on soil heterogeneity suggested s 相似文献
18.
L. R. Morris T. A. Monaco R. Blank R. L. Sheley 《Arid Land Research and Management》2016,30(4):362-374
Integration of knowledge regarding impacts of historical cultivation on soils for restoration planning is limited even though these legacies can affect land productivity and future land uses for decades. Old fields are often actively transformed through restoration, afforestation, or rehabilitation seeding. Rehabilitation seeding with the introduced perennial grass crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) was employed on approximately 2 million hectares in the western United States, including old fields in the Great Basin desert region. Seeding continues to be the primary treatment in restoration today, yet a minimal amount is known regarding how the underlying cultivation legacies affect these soils over the long term. We studied sites where rehabilitation seedings overlapped old fields and adjacent noncultivated land to compare soil properties including soil texture, pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen (N), and C:N ratios. Because these sites were identical in all aspects except former cultivation, our approach allowed us to test the hypothesis that cultivation legacies can be detected in the soil today and explore which soil properties most strongly reflect cultivation legacies using discriminant and principal components analyses. Discriminant analysis separated soils between the two land-use conditions with 95% confidence at all four sites. Of the six soil properties, SOC, N, and C:N ratios were most important for distinguishing the cultivation legacies at three sites, whereas soil pH was most important in one site. These results show that soils remain altered in these formerly cultivated sites even after being reseeded, suggesting that future productivity and management will also be affected. 相似文献
19.
针对旱区土壤板结严重和耕层深度变浅等问题，于2021年在宁夏暖泉农场开展大田试验，以传统旋耕为对照(CK),设置不同粉垄耕作深度30 cm(FL30)、40 cm(FL40)、50 cm(FL50)和60 cm(FL60),探究粉垄耕作对玉米田土壤关键物理性质的影响。结果表明：与传统旋耕相比，粉垄耕作能够有效降低土壤容重且提高土壤孔隙度，FL50处理表层土壤(0～20 cm)容重降低11.55%、孔隙度提升12.17%,FL40处理中层土壤(20～40 cm)容重降低8.57%、孔隙度提升9.14%,FL60处理深层土壤(40～60 cm)容重降低11.61%、孔隙度提升12.75%;粉垄耕作对玉米各生育期土壤蓄水量具有显著影响，FL40处理土壤蓄水量提升24.86%,土壤机械稳定性团聚体数量(0.25～5 mm)提高9.63%;较传统旋耕，粉垄耕作可达到疏松土壤与提高土壤蓄水保墒能力的效果，粉垄耕作通过改善玉米的生长条件和土壤环境提高了籽粒产量，其中FL60、FL50、FL30处理分别较CK处理增产57.14%、15.48%、8.79%。研究成果可为改善旱区土壤多年板结及水土资源可持... 相似文献
20.
Soil salinization has adverse effects on the soil physical-chemical characteristics.However,little is known about the changes in soil salt ion concentrations and other soil physical-chemical characteristics within the Qarhan Salt Lake and at different soil depths in the surrounding areas.Here,we selected five sampling sites(S1,S2,S3,S4,and S5)alongside the Qarhan Salt Lake and in the Xidatan segment of the Kunlun Mountains to investigate the relationship among soil salt ion concentrations,soil physical-chemical characteristics,and environmental variables in April 2019.The results indicated that most sites had strongly saline and very strongly saline conditions.The main salt ions present in the soil were Na+,K+,and Cl-.Soil nutrients and soil microbial biomass(SMB)were significantly affected by the salinity(P<0.05).Moreover,soil salt ions(Na+,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Cl-,CO32-,SO42-,and HCO3-)were positively correlated with electrical conductivity(EC)and soil water content(SWC),but negatively related to altitude and soil depth.Unlike soil salt ions,soil nutrients and SMB were positively correlated with altitude,but negatively related to EC and SWC.Moreover,soil nutrients and SMB were negatively correlated with soil salt ions.In conclusion,soil nutrients and SMB were mainly influenced by salinity,and were related to altitude,soil depth,and SWC in the areas from the Qarhan Salt Lake to the Xidatan segment.These results imply that the soil quality(mainly evaluated by soil physical-chemical characteristics)is mainly influenced by soil salt ions in the areas surrounding the Qarhan Salt Lake.Our results provide an accurate prediction of how the soil salt ions,soil nutrients,and SMB respond to the changes along a salt gradient.The underlying mechanisms controlling the soil salt ion distribution,soil nutrients,and SMB in an extremely arid desert climate playa should be studied in greater detail in the future. 相似文献