共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 687 毫秒
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Liu Q Rand TA Kalidas S Du F Kim HE Smith DP Wang X 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5641):1921-1925
The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway is initiated by processing long double-stranded RNA into small interfering RNA (siRNA). The siRNA-generating enzyme was purified from Drosophila S2cells and consists of two stoichiometric subunits: Dicer-2(DCR-2) and a previously unknown protein that we named R2D2. R2D2 is homologous to the Caenorhabditis elegans RNAi protein RDE-4. Association with R2D2 does not affect the enzymatic activity of DCR-2. Rather, the DCR-2/R2D2 complex, but not DCR-2 alone, binds to siRNA and enhances sequence-specific messenger RNA degradation mediated by the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC). These results indicate that R2D2 bridges the initiation and effector steps of the Drosophila RNAi pathway by facilitating siRNA passage from Dicer to RISC. 相似文献
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依赖于RNA的RNA聚合酶(RDR)能够以单链RNA为模版合成互补RNA链,产生双链RNA。双链RNA在细胞内被类似RNaseⅢ的酶DCL加工成20～24 nt的小分子干扰RNA(siRNA)。siRNA可以在转录水平或转录后水平抑制靶基因的表达。RDR通过基因沉默途径参与植物的生长发育调节、逆境应答以及表观遗传修饰等许多生物学过程。加深对植物RDR表达模式、生化活性及生物学功能等方面的理解将有利于植物基因沉默的发展和运用。 相似文献
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Egloff S O'Reilly D Chapman RD Taylor A Tanzhaus K Pitts L Eick D Murphy S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5857):1777-1779
RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcribes genes that encode proteins and noncoding small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). The carboxyl-terminal repeat domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of mammalian RNA Pol II, comprising tandem repeats of the heptapeptide consensus Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7, is required for expression of both gene types. We show that mutation of serine-7 to alanine causes a specific defect in snRNA gene expression. We also present evidence that phosphorylation of serine-7 facilitates interaction with the snRNA gene-specific Integrator complex. These findings assign a biological function to this amino acid and highlight a gene type-specific requirement for a residue within the CTD heptapeptide, supporting the existence of a CTD code. 相似文献
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RNA干涉原理及其应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
RNA干涉是指外源dsRNA引发生物体内的基因的同源序列降解，从而表现出的基因转录后的沉默现象，它与植物中的共抑制和真菌中的基因压制可能具有相同的作用机制。在这一过程中，需要eIF2c类似蛋白因子、RNA螺旋酶、RNA依赖性RNA多聚酶、核糖核酸酶、ATP和转膜蛋白参与。RNA干涉可以用于功能基因组学研究，也可用于克服转基因生物的基因沉默现象，使外源基因在遗传改良生物中能更好地表达，还用于基因治疗，抑制有害基因的表达等。 相似文献
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南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒S6编码一个沉默抑制子 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
【目的】分析南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒（SRBSDV）基因组S6编码的SP6蛋白的抑制子活性,明确SRBSDV是否编码RNA沉默抑制子来干扰植物的沉默。【方法】将分别含有SP6与GFP质粒的农杆菌共浸润转GFP基因的16c本氏烟纯合系,观察SP6对局部沉默和系统沉默的抑制作用;将含有SP6,GFP和dsGFP质粒的农杆菌三者共浸润,观察SP6对由dsRNA引起的沉默的抑制作用;在同一植株不同部位接种GFP和SP6,观察SP6对RNA沉默信号传导的影响;通过马铃薯X病毒（Potato virus X,PVX）在本氏烟上表达SP6,观察SP6是否能增强PVX的致病性。【结果】SP6能抑制由GFP正义RNA介导的沉默,但其抑制作用较弱,仅能延缓局部沉默和系统沉默的产生。SP6能灭活RNA沉默信号,阻止沉默信号的长距离传导,回复GFP的沉默,但不能抑制由dsRNA引起的沉默。利用PVX在本氏烟上表达SP6能增强PVX的致病性。【结论】SP6是病毒编码的RNA沉默抑制子,在RNA沉默的起始和信号传导阶段起作用。 相似文献
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Yeast RNA polymerase II genes: isolation with antibody probes 总被引：161，自引：0，他引：161
Genes encoding yeast RNA polymerase II subunits were cloned. Efficient isolation of these genes was accomplished by probing a phage lambda gt11 recombinant DNA expression library with polyvalent antibodies directed against purified yeast RNA polymerase II. The identity of genes that specify the largest RNA polymerase II subunits, the 220,000- and 150,000-dalton polypeptides, was confirmed by competitive radioimmune assay. Both of these genes exist in single copy in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 相似文献
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Induction and suppression of RNA silencing by an animal virus 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
RNA silencing is a sequence-specific RNA degradation mechanism that is operational in plants and animals. Here, we show that flock house virus (FHV) is both an initiator and a target of RNA silencing in Drosophila host cells and that FHV infection requires suppression of RNA silencing by an FHV-encoded protein, B2. These findings establish RNA silencing as an adaptive antiviral defense in animal cells. B2 also inhibits RNA silencing in transgenic plants, providing evidence for a conserved RNA silencing pathway in the plant and animal kingdoms. 相似文献
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羊口疮（Orf）是由羊口疮病毒（ORFV）引起的人畜共患的一种急性、接触性和具有高度嗜上皮性传染病,主要感染绵羊、山羊和人。由于该病缺乏全身性感染症状,因此在防治上也缺乏有效的疫苗或抗体。RNA干扰技术是目前较为成熟的抑制目的基因表达生物技术。ORFV的DNA ploymerase是病毒复制的关键酶。研究运用RNA干扰技术针对ORFV的DNAploymerase基因进行体外基因沉默研究,通过网络自动筛选平台设计并合成3个short-hairpin RNAs（shRNAs）片段,并与含U6启动子的pLL3.7质粒构建重组载体,结果表明pLL3.7-D596为重组阳性,进一步测序结果正确。研究可以为靶向ORFV-DNAploymerase基因的体内基因沉默提供参考数据。 相似文献
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DNA replication machineries have been studied extensively, but the kinetics of action of their components remains largely unknown. We report a study of DNA synthesis during replication in living Escherichia coli cells. Using single-molecule microscopy, we observed repetitive fluorescence bursts of single polymerase IIIs (Pol IIIs), indicating polymerase exchange at the replication fork. Fluctuations in the amount of DNA-bound single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) reflect different speeds for the leading- and lagging-strand DNA polymerases. Coincidence analyses of Pol III and SSB fluctuations show that they correspond to the lagging-strand synthesis and suggest the use of a new Pol III for each Okazaki fragment. Based on exchanges involving two Pol IIIs, we propose that the third polymerase in the replisome is involved in lagging-strand synthesis. 相似文献
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