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1.
瘤胃灌注不同比例的混合VFA对肉牛血液相关代谢指标影响规律的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以装有瘤胃瘘管的成年肉用阉牛（体重３９０±３０ｋｇ）喂１００％羊草的基础日粮,通过瘤胃瘘管灌注４种不同摩尔比例（乙酸：丙酸：丁酸分别为７５：１５：１０,６５：２５：１０,５５：３５：１０和４５：４５：１０）的混合ＶＦＡ,按４×４拉丁方试验设计测定了灌注后血液ＣＯ２结合力、血液总酮体水平、血糖及胰岛素水平。结果如下：瘤胃灌注４种不同比例的ＶＦＡ对血液ＣＯ２结合力、血液总ＶＦＡ浓度和血液总酮体水平无显著影响（Ｐ＞００５）。瘤胃液中的丙酸比例超过１８５５％时,血液中葡萄糖和胰岛素水平显著增加（Ｐ＜００５）,血液中葡萄糖（Ｙ,ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和胰岛素（Ｙ,μｇ／Ｌ）水平分别与瘤胃液中的丙酸比例（ｍｏｌ／１００ｍｏｌ）存在线性正相关,回归方程式分别为：Ｙ＝１７１０＋００７８Ｘ（ｒ＝０９６７,ｎ＝４）;Ｙ＝７２１２＋００２０Ｘ（ｒ＝０９２２,ｎ＝４）。ＶＦＡ转化为体脂肪的效率（ｋｆ,Ｙ,％）和可消化氮转化为沉积氮的效率（ＲＮ／ＤＮ,Ｙ,％）分别与血液中葡萄糖水平（Ｘ,ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）呈线性正相关,回归方程分别为：Ｙ＝－２８４９９＋２１４４４Ｘ（ｒ＝０９６９,ｎ＝４）;Ｙ＝－１６６４１＋１４５１３ 相似文献
2.
日粮类型和羊草细度对肉牛瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸比例及能量转化效率的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用装有瘤胃瘘管和真胃瘘管的肥育阉牛,按完全拉丁方设计,连续定点消化道食糜采样,用ＫＢ－１型自控大型呼吸测热室测定能量平衡和氮平衡。结果表明,４种不同加工细度羊草,在维持饲养水平（１Ｍ）下的ＤＥ／ＧＥ,ＭＥ／ＤＥ,ＨＰ／ＭＥ,Ｋｍ,ＶＦＡ总量,乙酸：丙酸比例等的组间差异均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,代谢能转化为维持净能效率（Ｋｍ）平均为６５．６９％（Ｃ．Ｖ＝０．８８％）;１．３Ｍ饲养水平的各种能量参数,４组间的差异亦均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,代谢能转化为增重净能效率（Ｋｆ）平均３３．９２％（Ｃ．Ｖ＝１．８６％）。４种不同精料：羊草比例的日粮,在维持饲养水平下,ＣＨ４（ＫＪ）／ＤＥ（ＫＪ）＝０．０７３８＋０．０６１５（ＮＤＦ／ＯＭ）,ｒ＝０．８９２８,Ｋｍ＝６０．８６５１＋０．３３０４（丙酸ｍｏｌ／１００ｍｏｌＶＦＡ）,ｒ＝０．９９５５;在１．５Ｍ下,ＨＰ／ＭＥ＝１４．３８３８＋０．７８０５（乙酸ｍｏｌ／１００ｍｏｌＶＦＡ）,ｒ＝０．９９０３,Ｋｆ＝２２．９６９７＋０．６０２２（丙酸ｍｏｌ／１００ｍｏｌＶＦＡ）,ｒ＝０．９９８１,或Ｋｆ＝５７．２２６５－０．３８１７（ＮＤＦ／ＯＭ）,ｒ＝－０．９９８７。 相似文献
3.
用装有瘤胃兼管和真胃瘘管的肥育阉牛，按完全拉丁方设计，连续定点消化道食糜采样，用ＫＢ－１型自控大呼吸测热室测定能量平衡和氮平衡，结果表明，４种不同加工细度羊草，在维持饲养水平（１Ｍ）下的ＤＥ／ＧＥ，ＭＥ／ＤＥ，ＨＰ／ＭＥ，Ｋｍ，ＶＦＡ，总量，乙酸：丙酸比例等的组间差异均不显著（Ｐ〉０．５０），代谢能转化的维持净能效率（Ｋｍ）平均为６５．６９％（Ｃ．Ｖ＝０．８８％），１．３Ｍ饲养水平的各种能量参数， 相似文献
4.
饲喂不同蛋白水平日粮的牦牛瘤胃氮代谢与十二指肠各氮组分流量 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
采用瘘管手术方法对３头生长牦牛在饲喂代谢能ＭＥ均为９．６ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＭ，粗蛋白（ＣＰ）为８％和１２％的日粮时的复胃氮代谢与瘤胃、肠道消化代谢进行研究。试验结果表明，日粮ＣＰ水平升高后，生长牦牛瘤胃氨氮浓度由３．３升至５．９ｍｇ／１００ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１），瘤胃内氮的消失率由１．９％升到２１．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。瘤胃微生物蛋白质合成效率基本不变（平均６９．１ｇＣｐ／ｋｇＤＯＭ）；一昼夜进入十二指肠的食糜量及食糜干物质量基本不变；食糜总氮、氨氮及非氨氮量均显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１），其中非氨氮增加２０％：非氨氮中微生物氮的比例由４５％降至３９％（Ｐ＜０，０５）；日粮ＤＭ，ＯＭ，ＣＰ和ＡＤＦ整体消化率分别提高１２．９％、１３．４％、３４％和２２．３％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。日粮ＣＰ由８％升至１２％后，生长牦牛瘤胃ＴＶＦＡ中乙酸比例由５４％降至４３．５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）．丙酸比例由２４．８％升至２８．４％（Ｐ＜０．０５），丁酸比例也由２１．１％增至２８．５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。同时Ｃ２／Ｃ３比由２．１９降至１．５４（Ｐ＜０．０１）。 相似文献
5.
阉牛不同日粮的纤维消化,瘤胃内VFA对甲烷产生量的影响 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
装有瘤胃和真胃瘘管的成年阉牛４头，体重（５００±５０）ｋｇ，采用４×４完全拉丁方试验设计，在呼吸代谢室内就不同日粮的纤维消化、瘤胃内ＶＦＡ对甲烷产生量的影响进行了研究。结果表明：（１）可消化中性洗涤纤维（ＤＮＤＦ）和可消化酸性洗涤纤维（ＤＡＤＦ）的甲烷产生量，在不同加工细度羊草之间（７．５ｍｍ，１５ｍｍ，３５ｍｍ和长草）无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。（２）不同精粗比日粮（０∶１００，２５∶７５，５０∶５０，７５∶２５）的ＮＤＦ或ＡＤＦ降解量（ｋｇ／ｄ）与甲烷产生量呈较高的线性正相关（ｒ＝０．８６８９或ｒ＝０．９７７５），乙酸、丙酸、乙酸＋丙酸产量（ｍｏｌ／ｄ）以及乙酸／丙酸与ＣＨ４产生量（Ｌ／ｄ）之间均存在较高的线性相关（ｒ依次为０．９６９１，－０．９６８３，０．９７８９，０．８８３３）。 相似文献
6.
饲粮能量浓度对梅花鹿瘤胃消化代谢参数的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用４ 头装置永久性瘤胃瘘管的成年梅花鹿，用３ 种含有不同能量浓度的精料补充料，按４ ×３ 不完全拉丁方试验设计，对瘤胃内ｐＨ 值、氨态氮（ＮＨ３ － Ｎ） 、三氯醋酸沉淀蛋白（ＴＣＡ－Ｐ） 和总挥发性脂肪酸（ＴＶＦＡ） 浓度进行了测定， 并研究了它们的动态变化规律以及ＶＦＡ 组分百分率。试验日粮精料部分以玉米面、豆饼等为主要原料，配制出能量浓度不同（ＧＥ：３ ．９５ 、４ ．０５ 、４ ．１５ Ｍｃａｌ／ｋｇ） ，含粗蛋白质（２０ ．９９ ％ ） 、钙（０ ．６７ ％ ） 、磷（０ ．４０ ％ ） 相同的三种精料；粗料为玉米青贮，自由采食，计量不限量。试验鹿为单圈舍饲，每日每头鹿供给精料１ ．７５ｋｇ ，分两次饲喂，自由饮水；每种饲粮预饲期１４ 天，采样期１０ 天。采用ＰＨｓ － ２９Ａ 型酸度计测定ｐＨ 值；采用岛津ＧＣ－ ９Ａ 型气相色谱仪测定ＴＶＦＡ 浓度及ＶＦＡ 各组分比例； 采用氧化镁直接蒸馏法测定ＮＨ３ － Ｎ 浓度； 用岛津ＵＶ－ ２４０ 型紫外分光光度计测定ＴＣＡ－ Ｐ 含量。试验结果表明，日粮能量浓度对瘤胃内ｐＨ 值、ＮＨ３ － Ｎ 浓度、ＴＶＦＡ 浓度没有显著的影响（Ｐ＞ ０ ．０５） ，而对玉米青贮采食量及ＴＣＡ－ Ｐ 浓度影响显著（Ｐ＜ ０ ． 相似文献
7.
人工瘤胃中半胱胺的稳定性及其对瘤胃发酵的影响 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
在人工瘤胃中半胱胺具有较高的稳定性，培养２４ｈ后，可检测到初始浓度的７４．３％，实验还发现，实验组的总脱氢酶活力较对照组显著提高，ＮＨ３－Ｎ浓度降低２８．６９％（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＭＣＰ浓度提高９．０７％（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＴＶＦＡ浓度较对照升高，２５．５６％（Ｐ〈０．０５），同时，乙酸比例升高，丙酸比例降低，结果表明半胱胺可影响瘤胃微生物的活动及其区系结构。 相似文献
8.
饲粮不同精粗比对梅花鹿瘤胃消化代谢参数的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
为探讨饲粮不同精粗比对梅花鹿瘤胃消化代谢参数的影响,选用４头装置永久性瘤胃瘘管的成年梅花鹿,设计３种不同精粗比的饲粮,采用４×３拉丁方试验设计,对瘤胃内ｐＨ值、氨态氮（ＮＨ３－Ｎ）、三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白（ＴＣＡ－Ｐ）和总挥发性脂肪酸（ＴＶＦＡ）浓度进行了测定,并研究了他们的动态变化规律及挥发性脂肪酸（ＶＦＡ）组分。３种饲粮精粗比分别为２０：８０、４０：６０、６０：４０,精料由玉米、大豆饼、大豆、麦麸、骨粉、食盐组成,粗料为干柞树叶。各组饲粮中约含粗蛋白１０．３％,总能１７．３６ＭＪ／ｋｇ。试鹿均为单圈舍饲,每头每日分两次喂精料２．５ｋｇ,自由饮水。每种饲粮经１５天预饲期后,进入正式采样期。试验结果表明,饲粮不同精粗比对瘤胃内ＮＨ３－Ｎ、ＴＣＡ－Ｐ浓度影响较小（Ｐ＞０．０５）;对ｐＨ值、ＴＶＦＡ浓度影响较大（Ｐ＜０．０１）。随日粮中精料比例增加,瘤胃内ｐＨ值显著下降,ＴＶＦＡ浓度显著升高。对瘤胃内ＶＦＡ组分分析发现,随着日粮中精料比例的提高,呈现出乙酸比例下降、丙酸比例升高的趋势。试验结果还指出,瘤胃内几项主要代谢参数均随进食而呈现规律性动态变化。 相似文献
9.
不同粗饲料在瘤胃持续模拟装置中挥发性脂肪酸产生量及比例的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用瘤胃模拟技术研究三种粗饲料（稻草、羊草、麦秸）在瘤胃内发酵所产生的挥发性脂肪酸（ＶＦＡ）量,ＶＦＡ中乙、丙、丁酸摩尔比例,及其有机物（ＯＭ）、酸性洗涤纤维（ＡＤＦ）和中性洗涤纤维（ＮＤＦ）在瘤胃中的消化率,结果表明,０～７２ｈ稻草、羊草、麦秸产生的ＶＦＡ量分别为１０２．００、１１３．２５及９８．９６ｍｍｏｌ,差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）;乙、丙、丁酸的摩尔比例没有明显的差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）;ＯＭ消化率分别为３３．３３％、３９．０７％和３１．２５％,差异亦不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。 相似文献
10.
日粮添加硫、磷提高水牛瘤胃纤维素消化率的研究 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
应用装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的４头水牛研究了以稻草加精料和羟甲基尿素（ＦｏｒｍａｌｄｅｈｙｄｅｔｒｅａｔｅｄｕｒｅａＦＤＵ）（Ｉ）为基础日粮，分别添加硫（Ⅱ）及硫、磷（Ⅲ）后瘤胃内纤维素消化率的变化。添加硫（Ⅱ）后瘤胃液内硫化物、总硫水平均显著提高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；瘤胃内ｐＨ下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；总挥发性脂肪酸（ＴＶＦＡ）含量增加（Ｐ＜０．０１），发酵类型发生改变；瘤胃尼龙袋法纤维素消失率提高９．１９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。在Ⅱ期的基础上添加磷，瘤胃ＴＶＦＡ含量、纤维素消失率分别提高了１６．１７％、１４．４８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而瘤胃容积、稀释率却未见显著变化。结果表明添加硫可促进瘤胃纤维素消化，而添加复合硫、磷效果更好。 相似文献
11.
添加不同水平阴离子盐对人工瘤胃液理化指标的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验采用人工瘤胃模拟装置研究了添加不同水平阴离子盐0、-50mEq/kg、-100mEq/kg和-150mEq/kg的日粮对瘤胃消化代谢的影响。通过对瘤胃液pH值、NH3-N、VFA浓度的测定,结果表明,添加阴离子盐水平在-150mEq/kg内,对瘤胃pH值和氨氮浓度有一定影响,但差异不显著(p>0.05);当添加水平在-100mEq/kg和-150mEq/kg时,对乙酸浓度、丙酸浓度及乙酸/丙酸比例影响差异均为显著(P<0.05)。 相似文献
12.
３头带有瘤胃和真胃瘘管的肉牛（３７５±２５ｋｇ）饲喂全羊草以满足维持需要,设计３个对比试验,每个试验均向瘤胃内持续灌注高乙酸摩尔比例（７５％）的混合ＶＦＡ。试验１,真胃每天持续灌注１００ｇ,２５０ｇ和４００ｇ葡萄糖;试验２,真胃每天持续灌注２００ｇ,３００ｇ和４００ｇ酪蛋白;试验３,真胃每天持续灌注２５０ｇ葡萄糖与２００ｇ,３００ｇ,４００ｇ酪蛋白组成的混合物。连续７天灌注后测定氮平衡。试验结果表明,真胃灌注葡萄糖、酪蛋白及两者的混合物均能增加氮沉积和可消化氮转化为沉积氮的效率（ＲＮ／ＤＮ）,经回归分析,可消化氮转化为沉积氮的效率（ｙ,％）与真胃葡萄糖灌注量（ｘ,ｇ／天）之间存在线性正相关,回归方程为ｙ＝２５．０８２＋０．１０６９ｘ（ｒ＝０．９８９,ｎ＝４）;与真胃酪蛋白灌注量（ｘ,ｇ／天）之间存在曲线正相关,回归方程分别为ｙ＝３３．４７０＋３．３８２１ｎｘ（ｒ＝０．９７０,ｎ＝４）;与真胃葡萄糖和酪蛋白混合物的灌注量（ｘ,ｇ／天）之间也存在曲线正相关,回归方程为：Ｙ＝３５．８７０＋４．０７９ｌｎｘ（ｒ＝０．９８５,ｎ＝４）。真胃灌注葡萄糖和酪蛋白的混合物比单独灌注葡萄糖时氮的转化效率提高了１９．４１％（Ｐ? 相似文献
13.
日粮中添加玉米油对肉牛瘤胃发酵的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
3头装有瘤胃瘘管的成年杂种牛 ,按 3× 3拉丁方试验设计 ,饲以添加 0 %、4 %和 8%玉米油的稻草和精料混合料 ( 2 1 )日粮。在饲喂后 2、4、6、8h采集瘤胃液样品 ,分别测定瘤胃液pH值、NH3-N和VFA浓度。结果表明 ,添加 4 %和 8%玉米油对瘤胃液pH值、NH3-N浓度没有显著影响 (P >0 .0 5) ;添加玉米油 4 %对瘤胃总VFA浓度没有显著影响 (P >0 .0 5) ,但添加 8%玉米油使瘤胃总VFA和乙酸浓度显著下降 (P <0 .0 5)。添加 8%以下的玉米油对丙酸、丁酸浓度没有影响 (P >0 .0 5) ,结果使乙酸 /丙酸比值从 3.75分别下降到 3.2 6和 3.1 4 (P <0 .0 5)。 相似文献
14.
Four Friesian steers (mean BW = 282 kg) were given mixtures of VFA and casein by intragastric infusion to give a total energy input of 675 kJ/kg BW.75. Casein supplied 16.3% of the energy and 777 mg N/kg BW.75. The molar proportion of butyric acid was held constant at 8 mol/100 mol, and the acetic and propionic acids varied inversely. Acetic acid was varied in 12 increments from 11 to 91 mol/100 mol and propionic acid proportion varied inversely. Heat production, blood (urea, insulin, beta-hydroxybutyrate, free fatty acids) and urine metabolites (urea, N, VFA) were measured. There were no differences (P greater than .05) in heat production until the acetic acid proportions exceeded approximately 90 mol/100 mol, at which point there was a decrease in heat production (P less than .05) accompanied by a considerable excretion of acetic acid in the urine. Above 80 mol/100 mol acetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyrate was greatly elevated, accompanied by a small decrease in blood glucose and blood insulin together with an increase in blood free fatty acid concentration. There was also an elevation of N excretion in the urine. When the proportion of propionic acid exceeded 76 mol/100 mol there were some metabolic disturbances resulting in blood hemolysis, an increase in N excretion in the urine, and nervous disposition of the animals. It is concluded that differences in heat production between roughage and concentrate diets are not likely to be a result of differences in the energetic response to different proportions of VFA. Differences in activity during standing, feeding, and ruminating may, therefore, be more important.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
15.
The effects were studied of sodium monensinate dosed 125 mg on the metabolic profile of rumen fluid. The experiment was conducted under current farming conditions in a pavilion cattle fattening house. The experiment, which lasted 367 days, comprised 985 bulls of the Bohemian Spotted breed. The feed ration was based on silage with an additive of dried poultry litter and concentrates. The additive was administered in concentrate mixture, 125 mg per head/day. After the start of the experiment want of appetite to sodium monensinate was observed. The animals took approximately four weeks to adapt completely to the additive. The following characteristics were investigated to study the metabolic profile of rumen fluid: actual acidity, total titration acidity, ammonia, total nitrogen, lactic acid, total volatile fatty acids, per cent acetic acid, per cent propionic acid, molar ratio acetic acid: propionic acid, per cent iso- and n-butyric acid, absolute number of infusoria and energy net yield of volatile fatty acids. Increased levels of the clinico-biochemical parameters of the metabolic profile of rumen fluid were found in lactic acid, propionic acid and energy net yield of volatile fatty acids. The per cent of propionic acid increased at some samplings by up to 116%. A drop was recorded in total nitrogen, per cent acetic acid, per cent butyric acid, molar ratio C2 : C3 and total number of infusoria. The decrease in the per cent of acetic acid ranged around 16% and the drop in butyric acid level amounted at some samplings up to 78%. No response to the additive was observed in the other characteristics of the metabolic profile of rumen fluid. 相似文献
16.
Two sheep with a ruminal fistula and an isolated small rumen were studied for the secretion of ammonia nitrogen, urea nitrogen, and amino nitrogen into the isolated rumen at different levels of volatile fatty acids (VFA) (50, 133-97, and 97-66 M Mol 1(-1)) in the rumen. The VFA level in the rumen was found to exert a great influence on the quantitative secretion of endogenous nitrogen from the blood through the rumen wall into rumen content. When the VFA level in the rumen was increased by administration of a single dose of acetic, propionic, and butyric acid, the secretion of ammonia nitrogen and amino nitrogen abruptly dropped and the secretion of urea into the isolated rumen slightly increased. The over-all amount of nitrogen (NH3-N + urea-N + amino-N) that had passed into the isolated rumen in the course of an hour showed a highly significant correlation with the passage of nitrogen in the form of ammonia and amino nitrogen and was greatest before the application of VFA to the rumen, i.e. at the level of 50 m mol 1-1. Of the metabolites under study, which were passing to the isolated rumen, amino nitrogen shared the greatest proportion (45.38-46.54%). When the VFA level in the rumen was raised, the proportion of ammonia secreted to the isolated rumen decreased and the proportion of urea in the total amount of nitrogen increased. 相似文献
17.
Forty-four reticuloruminal epithelial receptors were tested with rumen fluids obtained from 12 sheep before they were intraruminally infused with 4.0M acetic acid (8 sheep) or 4.0M butyric acid (4 sheep; preinfusion rumen fluid) and with rumen fluids obtained at the onset of ruminal stasis (abolition rumen fluid). The preinfusion rumen fluids from the 8 acetic acid-infused sheep (mean pH, 6.55) contained 1.7 mM nondissociated volatile fatty acids (VFA)/L and excited none of the 25 receptors tested. Preinfusion rumen fluids from the 4 butyric acid-infused sheep (mean pH, 6.98) contained 0.3 mM nondissociated VFA/L and also did not evoke responses in any of the 19 receptors tested. Abolition rumen fluids from sheep treated with acetic acid excited 17 of the 25 receptors tested and contained 89.4 mM nondissociated VFA/L, of which nondissociated acetic acid comprised 85.0 mM/L. Abolition rumen fluids from sheep treated with butyric acid activated 14 of the 19 receptors tested and contained 61.1 mM nondissociated VFA/L, of which 38.7 mM/L was nondissociated butyric acid. Preinfusion rumen fluids whose pH values were adjusted to that of abolition rumen fluids with HCl contained nondissociated VFA levels ranging from 16.3 mM/L (acetic acid-treated sheep) to 20.6 mM/L (butyric acid-treated sheep) and elicited responses in 4 of 30 receptors tested. Preinfusion rumen fluids whose pH values were adjusted to the pH value of abolition rumen fluid with acetic acid contained 29.5 mM nondissociated VFA/L and excited 7 of 13 tested receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
18.
An experiment was conducted to scientifically identify the appropriate feed for Gansu Alpine Fine Wool ewes in order to change the animals' breeding mode, which currently can only be mated at the age of 2.5 years due to insufficient nutritional supply. The experiment selected 48 12-month-old ewes and randomly divided them into group a (Diet 1), group b (Diet 2), group c (Diet 3), and a control group with no supplementary feeding. The feed test was run for 90 days. The rumen pH of groups a and b were very significantly higher (P<0.01) or group c significantly lower (P<0.05) than control group. The rumen ammonia nitrogen, protein nitrogen and total nitrogen of groups a, b and c were all higher than control group (P<0.01). The total volatile fatty acids of group a and b were all higher than the control group (P<0.01), group b significantly higher than group c (P<0.05). The molar ratio of acetic acid and propionic acid in group a was very significantly higher than control group (P<0.01), group b and c were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05). The molar ratio of butyric acid in group a was very significantly higher than group c (P<0.01). The ratio of acetic acid and propionic acid in group b was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). The number of several rumen fiber-degrading bacteria and protozoa in groups a, b and c were very significantly (P<0.01) or significantly (P<0.05) higher than the control. In conclusion, this study shows that supplementary feeding can positively affect the rumen metabolic parameters and the number of several rumen microorganisms in Gansu Alpine Fine Wool ewes. In general, the effects of Diet 1 were the strongest, while Diet 2 also produced notable improvements. © 2018, Editorial Office of Acta Prataculturae Sinica. All rights reserved. 相似文献
19.
旨在研究全株玉米青贮（WCS）、小麦秸秆（WS）和苜蓿青贮（AS）不同组合比例对晋南牛瘤胃体外发酵特性的影响,筛选不同饲料组合应用的最适比例。将全株玉米青贮、小麦秸秆、苜蓿青贮以不同比例组合（80∶10∶10, 70∶10∶20, 70∶20∶10, 60∶10∶30, 60∶20∶10, 60∶30∶10, 50∶10∶40, 50∶20∶30, 50∶30∶20, 50∶40∶10, 0∶100∶0, 100∶0∶0, 0∶0∶100）进行体外发酵试验,测定分析不同饲料组合对体外产气量（GP）、干物质降解率（IVDMD）、pH、氨态氮（NH3-N）、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）的影响,计算各组合的单项组合效应值（SFAEI）和综合组合效应值（MFAEI）。结果表明,全株玉米青贮、小麦秸秆和苜蓿青贮的组合比例对GP的影响极显著（P<0.01）。随着全株玉米青贮比例增加,GP逐渐增加。各组体外发酵液pH保持为6.68~6.89（P<0.01）。NH3-N的变化范围为14.31~26.01 mg·100 mL-1（P<0.01）。全株玉米青贮比例一定时,IVDMD随着苜蓿青贮比例增加而增加。不同比例组合的全株玉米青贮、小麦秸秆和苜蓿青贮体外发酵液中VFA浓度差异极显著（P<0.01）。60∶30∶10组乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）浓度显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）,其丙酸浓度也为最高（13.99 mmol·L-1）。各比例组合乙酸/丙酸在2.76~3.20,组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。不同组合的综合组合效应值均为正组合效应,70∶20∶10综合组合效应值（0.9343）最高。由此可见,全株玉米青贮、小麦秸秆和苜蓿青贮比例为70∶20∶10时,组合效应最佳。 相似文献
20.
Two groups of bullocks, each consisting of 125 animals, were subjected to a trial to study the effect of monensin (Rumensin premix) administered at doses from 125 to 175 mg per head/day on rumen fermentation and weight gains. For 135 days the animals were given a diet based on green juicy forage with a supplement of chopped straw and concentrate mixture; this mixture contained 20-30% of dried poultry droppings. In the experimental group with monensin, the concentration of total and protein nitrogen and the molar percentage of propionic acid significantly increased (23.7 and 28.5%, respectively, P less than 0.01) and the acetate: propionate ratio decreased four hours after feeding. Further, the energy yield of the production by volatile fatty acids (VFA) significantly increased in the rumen contents (76.89%, 78.64%, respectively, P less than 0.05). The levels of ammonia and non-protein nitrogen were not affected by the addition of monensin. The average daily live weight gains were 713 g in the control group and 800 g in the experimental group; this means that the gains of the experimental animals rose by 12.2%. Monensin had a positive influence on the proportions of the rumen-produced VFA in favour of propionic acid which, in turn, favourably influenced the energy balance of nutrient conversion and efficiency. 相似文献