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1.
Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability （DUS） testing is the technical base of Plant Variety Protection （PVP） and the scientific basis for the approval of Plant Breeder＇s Rights （PBR）. DUS Test Guidelines are not only the technical manuals for the DUS testing authorities to conduct the testing, but also the technical standards for the competent authorities to examine the DUS of new varieties of plants. Tea plant, originated from Yunnan Province, China, is a very important woody cash species in the world. The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants （UPOV） DUS Test Guidelines for tea plant is the first Test Guidelines prepared by China for the UPOV. In this article, the subject, selection, and determination of characteristics, states of expression of characteristics and the selection of example varieties, assessment of the UPOV DUS Test Guidelines for tea plant were elucidated in detail. Finally, the proposal of PVP for tea plant in China was also proposed. The preparation of UPOV DUS Test Guidelines for tea plant will have important significance both for promoting the development of PVP and increasing the status of international PVP fields for China.  相似文献   

2.
不同品种茶树矿质元素含量研究(英文)   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
To understand the mineral elements in different varieties of tea (Camellia sinensis), 17 mineral elements in eight tea varieties including Yunnan Dayezhong, No.43 Longjing and No.6 Zaobaijian, were measured. The results showed that nine elements, such as P, K, Ba, Mn, Cu, were significantly different among varieties, others did not. Black tea varieties usually contain high contents of Cu and K. As a conclusion, mineral elements should be extensively considered in breeding tea varieties.  相似文献   

3.
我国苦茶资源主要生化成分的鉴定评价(英文)   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
Bitter tea is a special kind of tea germplasm in China.The major biochemical components of 24 bitter teas and other 8 Camellia sinensis var.sinensis and 8 C.sinensis var.assamica tea germplasms,which were stored in the China National Germplasm Hangzhou Tea Repository(CNGHTR),were analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that no significant differences of major biochemical components affecting the tea quality were found between bitter tea and common tea.According to the processing suitability index,bitter tea was suitable for the manufacturing of black tea;while according to evolutionary indices such as the composition and content of catechin,bitter tea was similar to C.sinensis var.assamica belonging to the relatively primitive type in evolution.The results of cluster analysis indicated that bitter tea was clustered with C.sinensis var.assamica,so it could be considered to belong to C.sinensis var.assamica.  相似文献   

4.
Bitter tea is a special kind of tea germplasm in China.The major biochemical components of 24 bitter teas and other 8 Camellia sinensis var.sinensis and 8 C.sinensis var.assamica tea germplasms,which were stored in the China National Germplasm Hangzhou Tea Repository(CNGHTR),were analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that no significant differences of major biochemical components affecting the tea quality were found between bitter tea and common tea.According to the processing suitability index,bitter tea was suitable for the manufacturing of black tea;while according to evolutionary indices such as the composition and content of catechin,bitter tea was similar to C.sinensis var.assamica belonging to the relatively primitive type in evolution.The results of cluster analysis indicated that bitter tea was clustered with C.sinensis var.assamica,so it could be considered to belong to C.sinensis var.assamica.  相似文献   

5.
Bitter tea is a special kind of tea germplasm in China.The major biochemical components of 24 bitter teas and other 8 Camellia sinensis var.sinensis and 8 C.sinensis var.assamica tea germplasms,which were stored in the China National Germplasm Hangzhou Tea Repository(CNGHTR),were analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that no significant differences of major biochemical components affecting the tea quality were found between bitter tea and common tea.According to the processing suitability index,bitter tea was suitable for the manufacturing of black tea;while according to evolutionary indices such as the composition and content of catechin,bitter tea was similar to C.sinensis var.assamica belonging to the relatively primitive type in evolution.The results of cluster analysis indicated that bitter tea was clustered with C.sinensis var.assamica,so it could be considered to belong to C.sinensis var.assamica.  相似文献   

6.
In order to improve the development step of bamboo industry, the pest investigation was done in Yunnan Province from 2000, and 1 500 specimens were collected. Basing on the investigation and the date of recordation, there had 224 species pests, belonging to 7 orders and 49 families. Among the pest, most done harm to the bamboo slightly, except Omphisa sp., Pantana phyllostachysae and Cyrtotrachelus buqueti. The disease and pest of bamboo should be investigated in whole province systematically.  相似文献   

7.
Vitamin A deficiency has become a worldwide problem.Biofortified foods can potentially be an inexpensive,locally adaptable,and long-term solution to dietary-nutrient deficiency.In order to improve the β-carotene content in maize grain by breeding and minimize vitamin A deficiency,a complete diallel cross was designed with eight inbred lines of maize,and 64 combinations were obtained in this study.The experimental combinations were planted in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces,respectively,with a random complete block design.The β-carotene contents in the grains of the experimental materials were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography.Among the tested materials,the effect difference of general combining ability of the β-carotene content was significant;however,the effect difference of the special combining ability and the reciprocal effect were not significant.The β-carotene content of maize grain was not influenced significantly by the cross and the reciprocal cross.There was a significant correlation about the β-carotene content in the maize grains between the F 1 and their parents.The combinations with high β-carotene content were obviously influenced by the environment,and the mean value of β-carotene content for the experimental materials planted in Ya’an of Sichuan was higher than that planted in Yuanjiang of Yunnan,with the results being significant at the 0.01 level.  相似文献   

8.
The problem of heavy metal pollution in water seriously affected human health and the stability of the living environment of animals and plants. How to effectively remove heavy metal pollution in water had become a hot topic in the field of water pollution. In this paper, pruning branches of tea trees were used as adsorbents to study the adsorption effect on Cr(VI) in water. The results of the study showed that the optimal conditions for the adsorption of Cr(VI) on the adsorbent made of tea tree pruned branches were: the amount of tea tree pruned branches was 2g, the adsorption temperature was 25℃, the adsorption time was 90min, and the pH=2, the adsorption rate could reach 72.63% which was a good adsorption effect. It could be used in sewage treatment projects and to further expand the rational use of tea tree resources.  相似文献   

9.
The effect of tea plant Camellia sinensis induced by exogenous methyl jasmonate （MJA） on lipoxygenase （LOX）, polyphenol oxidase （PPO） and proteinase inhibitor （PI） activity in the leaves of tea plants, as well as the growth and midgut proteinase activity of the geometrid Ectropis obliqua larvae were studied. MJA significantly induced LOX, PPO and PI activity in leaves of tea plants. When geometrid larvae have fed on leaves of tea plants treated with MJA, the activities of the high alkaline trypsin-like enzyme and chymotrypsin-like enzyme in their midgut were significantly inhibited, but the activities of the low alkaline trypsin-like enzyme in their midgut were unaffected, leading to imbalance between different types of proteinase activity in the midgut of the larvae and in turn, the growth were inhibited. These chains of response may be an important mechanism of the direct resistance induced by MJA-treatment of tea plant on geometrid larvae.  相似文献   

10.
With the rapid development of China’s dairy industry, the yield and scale of dairy cows have gradually increased, and the total mixed ration(TMR) technology has been widely applied in pastures. The seven large-scale pastures in the Heilongjiang reclamation area were selected. The area was divided into high milk yield pastures(A, E, F and G) and low milk yield pastures(B, C and D). The nutritional contents of TMR of the seven pastures were compared with NRC(2001) recommendations. The results show...  相似文献   

11.
The essential and toxic element concentrations in buckwheat were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer（ICP-OES）. The concentration data were subjected to common chemometrics analyses, including correlation analysis（CA）, principal component analysis（PCA） and hierarchical cluster analysis（HCA）, to gain better understanding of the differences among the tested samples. Our results indicated that the essential and toxic element concentrations were not different between Fagopyrum tataricum（L.） Gaertn and F. esculentum Moench. The element concentrations varied among buckwheat samples from different sources. Commercial tartary buckwheat tea contained several essential elements, thus, could be used as the source of essential elements. The detection of toxic heavy metals in commercial tartary buckwheat tea suggested that safety issue of such buckwheat products should be seriously concerned. Our results also revealed that the place of origin and the processing protocol of tartary buckwheat affected the element concentrations of the commercial form. The implications to the quality control and safety evaluation of buckwheat were extensively discussed.  相似文献   

12.
A bacterial artificial chromosome （BAC） library is an invaluable resource tool to initiate tea plant genomics research, and the preparation of high molecular weight （HMW） genomic DNA is a crucial first step for constructing a BAC Library. In order to construct a BAC library for enhancing tea plant genomics research, a new method for the preparation of tea pant high molecular weight （HMW） genomic DNA must be developed due to young tea plant leaves and shoots are notably rich in both tea polyphenols and tea polysaccharides. In this paper, a modified method for preparing high quality tea plant HMW genomi~ DNA was optimized, and the quality of tea plant genomic DNA was evaluated. The results were as follows： Critical indicators of HMW DNA preparation were the appearance of the smooth nuclei in solution （as opposed to sticky-gummy） before agarose plug solidification, non-dark colored nuclei plugs after lysis with an SDS/proteinase K solution, and the quality and quantity of HMW DNA fragments after restriction enzyme digestion. Importantly, 1% dissolved PVP-40 and 1% un-dissolved PVP-40 during the nuclei extraction steps, in conjunction with the removal of PVP-40 from the plug washing and nuclei lysis steps, were critical for achieving HWM tea plant DNA suitable for BAC library construction. Additionally, a third PFGE fraction selection step to eliminate contaminating small DNA fragments. The modifications provided parameters that may have prevented deleterious interactions from tea polyphenols and tea polysaccharides. The HMW genomic DNA produced by this new modified method has been used to successfully construct a large-insert tea plant BAC library, and thus may be suitable for BAC library construction from other plant species that contain similarly interfering compounds.  相似文献   

13.
The pathogenicity of 36 isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae （Xoo）, which were collected from japonica rice varieties in the Yunnan Plateau, China, was evaluated. It was evaluated on 29 rice varieties including a set of seven varieties to identify pathogenicity, i.e., Haonuoyang, TN1, Kogyoku, Zhenzhu＇ai, IR26, Nanjing 33, and Kinmaze, which may be considered as a set of differential varieties for Xoo races from Yunnan japonica rice. The efficiency of the seven varieties was further confirmed. The results showed reversible and specific interactions between isolates and varieties. The isolates were classified into nine pathotypes from pathotyp Ⅰ to Ⅸ according to their pathogenic reactions on the seven rice varieties. The pathotype V was the epidemic, whereas pathogen Ⅶ was the most pathogenic. Most japonica varieties grown in the Yunnan Plateau were susceptible to Xoo. The rice lines IRBB21 （Xa-21）, Zhachanglong （Xa-22,, Xa- 24,）, and IR1545-339 （xa-5）, which were resistant to all the isolates tested, can be used as donors of resistant genes for bacterial blight in japonica rice breeding in the Yunnan Plateau.  相似文献   

14.
Review of History and Recent Development of Organic Farming Worldwide   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The history of the organic farming worldwide was reviewed in this paper. The development of the organic farming worldwide had gone through three stages, emergence, expansion, and growth. The contributors and their thoughts during the different development stages of the organic farming were briefly introduced. And the development status of the organic farming worldwide was reviewed from the aspects of land area under organic management, land area under organic management in percentage of total agricultural area, and world markets for organic products. Besides, the main existing problems for the further development of the world＇s organic farming, as well as the development status, problems and strategies of the Chinese organic farming were discussed.  相似文献   

15.
The method of RNAi was used to inhibit the expression of induced heat shock protein 70 （Hsp72） in the 4-cell stage mouse embryos and the embryo development competence was analyzed to identify the functions of Hsp72 on embryonic heat resistance. The results indicated that the inhibition rates of siRNA1 for Hsp72 mRNA and Hsp72 protein were 87.1 and 78.5%, respectively. The blastocysts development rates were 41, 86, and 84% for the siRNA1 group, the LipofectamineTM 2 000 exposed group, and the 37℃ group, respectively, and the hatched blastocysts development rates for the above three groups were 35, 72, and 68%, respectively. The data suggest that the siRNAI has a significant inhibiting effect on Hsp72 gene, and Hsp72 gene silence reduces the blastocysts development rate and hatched blastocysts rate after heat shock during the development of mouse preimplantation embryos.  相似文献   

16.
<正>This special issue is a compilation of papers addressing various aspects of non-point source pollution and agricultural green development in different regions around the world.Drafts of several papers were presented and discussed during a 2-day summit on Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Governance held in Dali,Yunnan Province,China,November19-20,2022.The workshop was complemented by a half-day field trip to visit the Agricultural Green Production and Nonpoint Source Pollution Cont...  相似文献   

17.
To assess the risks of forchlorfenuron after application, a residue analysis method for ferchlorfenuron in cucumbers and the red soil of Southern China was established, and the dissipation behavior and residue characteristics of forchlorfenuron were studied under field conditions. The field trials, including dissipation and residue experiments, were conducted in Hunan, Yunnan and Hainan Provinces. Forchlorfenuron was applied at 32 a.i.g ha-1 rate for the dissipation study and both 21 and 32 a.i.g ha-1 for the residue study. Representative cucumbers and soil samples were collected at predetermined intervals for HPLC for UV-detector analysis. The average recoveries of the method were 80.8%-92.0% with coefficients variation (CV) between 0.4% and 11.8%. The detection limit of forchlorfenuron in cucumbers and soil samples was 0.003 mg · kg-1 and the minimum detectable amount was 3.0×10-10 g. The half life of forchlorfenuron in cucumbers in the three provinces changed as: Yunnan (5.50 days), Hunan (5.88 days), and Hainan (6.53 days) and in the soil was observed: Hainan (6.54 days), Hunan (7.64 days), and Yunnan (8.39 days). The maximum terminal residue in cucumbers at 32 a.i.g ha-1 rate after 5 days was 0.009 mg · kg-1 (Yunnan) followed by 0.0085 mg · kg-1 (Hainan) and 0.0082 mg · kg-1 (Hunan) which was below MRL value of 0.01 mg · kg-1 established by the USA, EPA. So a waiting period of 5 days should be established after spaying on cucumbers to avoid hazard to human beings.  相似文献   

18.
Analysis and Design of Agricultural Sustainability Indicators System   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The development and characteristic of agricultural sustainability indicators system （Sis）, at home and abroad, was reviewed. It was pointed out that the existing domestic methods of sustainability evaluation can not be accepted by foreign scholars, and their scientific basis is inadequate. The experience and shortcomings of the previous studies on the indicators selection and evaluation methods were analyzed, also with the significance for practice. Finally, a new SIs for agriculture development evaluation was proposed, together with the corresponding calculation and evaluation methods. The farmer development index indicator was proposed to embody the viewpoint that the development of people is the ultimate aim; the dynamic weight calculation method was designed to reflect the various significance of the different indicators when their values were changing; and new indicators integrate methods were also explored.  相似文献   

19.
正1.Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University is sponsored by Yunnan Agricultural University and has been published since 1986.The journal was initially published semi-annually,and changed to quarterly in 1989 and bimonthly in 2004.As a comprehensive scientific periodical publication in China and abroad,Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University won the titles of Chinese core journals,the core of China’s science and technology journals,the core of China’s agricultural science journals.It seeks review and original contributions from all areas of agriculture and animal husbandry under the headings of:BiodiversityBiosafety,Plant GeneticsBreeding,Biological Technology,Plant Protection,TillageCultivation,  相似文献   

20.
An HPLC method was used to analyze the contents and variation of IAA, GA3, ABA and ZT at five stages around the tea shoot germinating in spring. The contents of GA3 and ABA had a top value during the winter and decreased with the growth of tea shoots, while the contents of IAA and ZT had a low value during the winter and increased quickly at the beginning of shoot growth, but soon afterwards increased slowly or decreesed a little. The ratio of hormones was closely related to the growth of tea plant. The study indicated that the ratlos of GA3 to ABA and IAA to ABA were at low values during the winter and went up with the shoot germinating. When the activity of roots was weak, the ratio of ZT to IAA had a top value, but went down gradually with lmmriant activity of roots. The ratio d GA3 to ZT had a certain relativity with the shoot germinating, which was at a top value during the winter but went down suddenly at the begin-ning of shoot gerrminating.  相似文献   

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